如何在（最好是纯）Python 中解码二维码图像？
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How to decode a QR-code image in (preferably pure) Python?
提问by kramer65
TL;DR: I need a way to decode a QR-code from an image file using (preferable pure) Python.
TL;DR：我需要一种使用（最好是纯）Python 从图像文件中解码 QR 码的方法。
I've got a jpg file with a QR-code which I want to decode using Python. I've found a couple libraries which claim to do this:
我有一个带有二维码的 jpg 文件，我想使用 Python 对其进行解码。我发现了几个声称这样做的图书馆：
PyQRCode(website here) which supposedly can decode qr codes from images by simply providing a path like this:
PyQRCode（网站在这里）据说可以通过简单地提供这样的路径来解码图像中的二维码：
import sys, qrcode
d = qrcode.Decoder()
if d.decode('out.png'):
print 'result: ' + d.result
else:
print 'error: ' + d.error
So I simply installed it using sudo pip install pyqrcode. The thing I find strange about the example code above however, is that it only imports qrcode(and not pyqrcodethough) Since I think qrcoderefers to this librarywhich can only generateqr-code images it kind of confused me. So I tried the code above with both pyqrcodeand qrcode, but both fail at the second line saying AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Decoder'. Furthermore, the websiterefers to Ubuntu 8.10 (which came out more than 6 years ago) and I can't find a public (git or other) repository of it to check the latest commit. So I moved on to the next library:
所以我只是使用sudo pip install pyqrcode. 然而，我对上面的示例代码感到奇怪的是，它只导入qrcode（而不是pyqrcode虽然），因为我认为qrcode指的是这个只能生成二维码图像的库，这让我有点困惑。所以我用pyqrcode和尝试了上面的代码qrcode，但都在第二行说AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Decoder'. 此外，该网站指的是 Ubuntu 8.10（6 年前推出），我找不到它的公共（git 或其他）存储库来检查最新提交。所以我转到下一个图书馆：
ZBar(website here) claims to be "an open source software suite for reading bar codes from various sources, such as image files."So I tried installing it on Mac OSX running sudo pip install zbar. This fails with error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1. I tried to suggestions in the answers to this SO question, but I can't seem to solve it. So I decided to move on again:
ZBar（此处的网站）声称是"an open source software suite for reading bar codes from various sources, such as image files."因此我尝试在运行的 Mac OSX 上安装它sudo pip install zbar。这失败了error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1。我试图在这个 SO question的答案中提出建议，但我似乎无法解决它。所以我决定再次继续前进：
QRTools, which according to this blogpostcan decode images easily by using the following code:
QRTools，根据这篇博文可以使用以下代码轻松解码图像：
from qrtools import QR
myCode = QR(filename=u"/home/psutton/Documents/Python/qrcodes/qrcode.png")
if myCode.decode():
print myCode.data
print myCode.data_type
print myCode.data_to_string()
So I tried installing it using sudo pip install qrtools, which can't find anything. I also tried it with python-qrtools, qr-tools, python-qrtoolsand a couple more combinations, but unfortunately to no avail. I suppose it refers to this repowhich says it is based on ZBar (see above). Although I want to run my code on Heroku (and thus prefer a pure Python solution) I successfully installed it on a Linux box (with sudo apt-get install python-qrtools) and tried running it:
所以我尝试使用 安装它sudo pip install qrtools，但找不到任何东西。我也试了一下python-qrtools，qr-tools，python-qrtools和一对夫妇更多的组合，可惜不得要领。我想它指的是这个 repo，它说它基于 ZBar（见上文）。尽管我想在 Heroku 上运行我的代码（因此更喜欢纯 Python 解决方案），但我成功地将它安装在 Linux 机器上（带有sudo apt-get install python-qrtools）并尝试运行它：
from qrtools import QR
c = QR(filename='/home/kramer65/qrcode.jpg')
c.data # prints u'NULL'
c.data_type # prints u'text'
c.data_to_string() # prints '\xef\xbb\xbfNULL' where I expect an int (being `1234567890`)
Although this seems to decode it, It doesn't seem to do it correctly. It furthermore needs ZBar and is thus not pure Python. So I decided to find yet another library.
虽然这似乎可以解码它，但它似乎没有正确执行。它还需要 ZBar，因此不是纯 Python。所以我决定再找一个图书馆。
PyXing(website here) is supposedly a Python port of the popular Java ZXing library, but the initial and only commit is 6 years old and the project has no readme or documentation whatsoever.
PyXing（此处为网站）据称是流行的 Java ZXing 库的 Python 端口，但最初且唯一的提交已使用 6 年，并且该项目没有任何自述文件或文档。
For the rest I found a couple qr-encoders (not decoders) and some API endpoints which can decode for you. Since I don't like this service to be dependent on other API endpoints I would want to keep the decoding local though.
对于剩下的我发现一对夫妇QR- EN编码器（未德编码器），并且能为你解码一些API端点。由于我不喜欢此服务依赖于其他 API 端点，因此我希望将解码保留在本地。
So to conclude; would anybody know how I can decode QR-codes from images in (preferable pure) Python? All tips are welcome!
所以得出结论; 有谁知道我如何从（最好是纯）Python 中的图像中解码 QR 码？欢迎所有提示！
采纳答案by u1860929
You can try the following steps and code using qrtools:
您可以尝试使用以下步骤和代码qrtools：
Create a
qrcodefile, if not already existing- I used
pyqrcodefor doing this, which can be installed usingpip install pyqrcode And then use the code:
>>> import pyqrcode >>> qr = pyqrcode.create("HORN O.K. PLEASE.") >>> qr.png("horn.png", scale=6)
- I used
Decode an existing
qrcodefile usingqrtools- Install
qrtoolsusingsudo apt-get install python-qrtools Now use the following code within your python prompt
>>> import qrtools >>> qr = qrtools.QR() >>> qr.decode("horn.png") >>> print qr.data u'HORN O.K. PLEASE.'
- Install
创建一个
qrcode文件，如果不存在- 我曾经
pyqrcode这样做过，可以使用安装pip install pyqrcode 然后使用代码：
>>> import pyqrcode >>> qr = pyqrcode.create("HORN O.K. PLEASE.") >>> qr.png("horn.png", scale=6)
- 我曾经
使用解码现有
qrcode文件qrtools- 安装
qrtools使用sudo apt-get install python-qrtools 现在在你的 python 提示中使用以下代码
>>> import qrtools >>> qr = qrtools.QR() >>> qr.decode("horn.png") >>> print qr.data u'HORN O.K. PLEASE.'
- 安装
Here is the complete code in a single run:
以下是单次运行的完整代码：
In [2]: import pyqrcode
In [3]: qr = pyqrcode.create("HORN O.K. PLEASE.")
In [4]: qr.png("horn.png", scale=6)
In [5]: import qrtools
In [6]: qr = qrtools.QR()
In [7]: qr.decode("horn.png")
Out[7]: True
In [8]: print qr.data
HORN O.K. PLEASE.
Caveats
注意事项
- You might need to install
PyPNGusingpip install pypngfor usingpyqrcode In case you have
PILinstalled, you might getIOError: decoder zip not available. In that case, try uninstalling and reinstallingPILusing:pip uninstall PIL pip install PILIf that doesn't work, try using
Pillowinsteadpip uninstall PIL pip install pillow
回答by Basj
I'm answering only the part of the question about zbarinstallation.
我只回答有关zbar安装的问题的一部分。
I spent nearly half an houra few hours to make it work on Windows + Python 2.7 64-bit, so here are additional notes to the accepted answer:
我花了将近半个小时和几个小时使它在 Windows + Python 2.7 64 位上工作，所以这里是对已接受答案的附加说明：
Install it with
pip install zbar-0.10-cp27-none-win_amd64.whlIf Python reports an
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.when doingimport zbar, then you will justneed to install the Visual C++ Redistributable Packages for VS 2013(I spent a lot of time here, trying to recompile unsuccessfully...)Required too: libzbar64-0.dll must be in a folder which is in the PATH. In my case I copied it to "C:\Python27\libzbar64-0.dll" (which is in the PATH). If it still does not work, add this:
import os os.environ['PATH'] += ';C:\Python27' import zbar
安装它
pip install zbar-0.10-cp27-none-win_amd64.whl如果 Python
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.在执行时报告 animport zbar，那么您只需要安装Visual C++ Redistributable Packages for VS 2013（我在这里花了很多时间，试图重新编译失败......）也需要：libzbar64-0.dll 必须位于 PATH 中的文件夹中。就我而言，我将其复制到“C:\Python27\libzbar64-0.dll”（在 PATH 中）。如果仍然不起作用，请添加以下内容：
import os os.environ['PATH'] += ';C:\Python27' import zbar
PS: Making it work with Python 3.x is even more difficult: Compile zbar for Python 3.x.
PS：使它与 Python 3.x 一起工作更加困难：为 Python 3.x 编译 zbar。
PS2: I just tested pyzbarwith pip install pyzbarand it's MUCH easier, it works out-of-the-box (the only thing is you need to have VC Redist 2013 files installed). It is also recommended to use this library in this pyimagesearch.com article.
PS2：我刚刚用pyzbar测试了pip install pyzbar它，它更容易，它开箱即用（唯一的问题是你需要安装 VC Redist 2013 文件）。在这篇 pyimagesearch.com 文章中也推荐使用这个库。
回答by Yuiq
The following code works fine with me:
以下代码对我来说很好用：
brew install zbar
pip install pyqrcode
pip install pyzbar
For QR code image creation:
对于二维码图像创建：
import pyqrcode
qr = pyqrcode.create("test1")
qr.png("test1.png", scale=6)
For QR code decoding:
二维码解码：
from PIL import Image
from pyzbar.pyzbar import decode
data = decode(Image.open('test1.png'))
print(data)
that prints the result:
打印结果：
[Decoded(data=b'test1', type='QRCODE', rect=Rect(left=24, top=24, width=126, height=126), polygon=[Point(x=24, y=24), Point(x=24, y=150), Point(x=150, y=150), Point(x=150, y=24)])]
