Python BeautifulSoup XML 解析
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4071696/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
Python BeautifulSoup XML Parsing
提问by Caley Woods
I've written a simple script to parse XML chat logs using the BeautifulSoup module. The standard soup.prettify() works ok except chat logs have a lot of fluff in them. You can see both the script code and some of the XML input file I'm working with below:
我编写了一个简单的脚本来使用 BeautifulSoup 模块解析 XML 聊天日志。标准的soup.prettify() 工作正常，除了聊天记录中有很多绒毛。您可以在下面看到我正在使用的脚本代码和一些 XML 输入文件：
Code
代码
import sys
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup as Soup
def parseLog(file):
file = sys.argv[1]
handler = open(file).read()
soup = Soup(handler)
print soup.prettify()
if __name__ == "__main__":
parseLog(sys.argv[1])
Test XML Input
测试 XML 输入
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type='text/xsl' href='MessageLog.xsl'?>
<Log FirstSessionID="1" LastSessionID="2"><Message Date="10/31/2010" Time="3:43:48 PM" DateTime="2010-10-31T20:43:48.937Z" SessionID="1"><From><User FriendlyName="Jon"/></From> <To><User FriendlyName="Bill"/></To><Text Style="font-family:Segoe UI; color:#000000; ">hey, what's up?</Text></Message>
<Message Date="10/31/2010" Time="3:44:03 PM" DateTime="2010-10-15T20:44:03.421Z" SessionID="1"><From><User FriendlyName="Jon"/></From><To><User FriendlyName="Bill"/></To><Text Style="font-family:Segoe UI; color:#000000; ">Got your message</Text></Message>
<Message Date="10/31/2010" Time="3:44:31 PM" DateTime="2010-10-15T20:44:31.390Z" SessionID="2"><From><User FriendlyName="Bill"/></From><To><User FriendlyName="Jon"/></To><Text Style="font-family:Segoe UI; color:#000000; ">oh, great</Text></Message>
<Message Date="10/31/2010" Time="3:44:59 PM" DateTime="2010-10-15T20:44:59.281Z" SessionID="2"><From><User FriendlyName="Bill"/></From><To><User FriendlyName="Jon"/></To><Text Style="font-family:Segoe UI; color:#000000; ">hey, i gotta run</Text></Message>
I'm wanting to be able to output this into a format like the following or at least something that is more readable than pure XML:
我希望能够将其输出为如下格式或至少比纯 XML 更具可读性的格式：
Jon: Hey, what's up? [10/31/10 @ 3:43p]
乔恩：嘿，怎么了？[10/31/10 @ 3:43p]
Jon: Got your message [10/31/10 @ 3:44p]
乔恩：收到你的消息 [10/31/10 @ 3:44p]
Bill: oh, great [10/31/10 @ 3:44p]
比尔：哦，太好了 [10/31/10 @ 3:44p]
etc.. I've heard some decent things about the PyParsing module, maybe it's time to give it a shot.
等等。我听说过一些关于 PyParsing 模块的好消息，也许是时候试一试了。
采纳答案by dcolish
BeautifulSoup makes getting at attributes and values in xml really simple. I tweaked your example function to use these features.
BeautifulSoup 使获取 xml 中的属性和值变得非常简单。我调整了您的示例函数以使用这些功能。
import sys
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup as Soup
def parseLog(file):
file = sys.argv[1]
handler = open(file).read()
soup = Soup(handler)
for message in soup.findAll('message'):
msg_attrs = dict(message.attrs)
f_user = message.find('from').user
f_user_dict = dict(f_user.attrs)
print "%s: %s [%s @ %s]" % (f_user_dict[u'friendlyname'],
message.find('text').decodeContents(),
msg_attrs[u'date'],
msg_attrs[u'time'])
if __name__ == "__main__":
parseLog(sys.argv[1])
回答by Binary Phile
I'd recommend using the builtin ElementTreemodule. BeautifulSoup is meant to handle unwell-formed code like hacked up HTML, whereas XML is well-formed and meant to be read by an XML library.
我建议使用内置的ElementTree模块。BeautifulSoup 旨在处理格式不正确的代码，如修改后的 HTML，而 XML 格式良好，旨在由 XML 库读取。
Update: some of my recent reading here suggests lxml as a library built on and enhancing the standard ElementTree.
更新：我最近在此处阅读的一些文章建议将 lxml 作为构建在标准 ElementTree 上并对其进行增强的库。
