为什么银行或金融公司更喜欢 Oracle 而非其他 RDBMS 作为其“核心”系统？

Why Banks or Financial Companies prefer Oracle than other RDBMS for their "Core" systems?

提问by edwin.nathaniel

I'd like to know why most Banks or Financial companies prefer Oracle than other RDBMS for their core systems (the absolutely minimum features that a Bank must support). I found a few answers that didn't satisfy me. For example: Oracle has more features. But features for what? Can't you implement that in application level if you were not using Oracle?

我想知道为什么大多数银行或金融公司在其核心系统（银行必须支持的绝对最低功能）方面更喜欢 Oracle 而不是其他 RDBMS。我找到了一些让我不满意的答案。例如：Oracle 有更多的特性。但是功能是什么？如果您不使用 Oracle，就不能在应用程序级别实现它吗？

Could someone please describe a bit more technical but still on high-level overview of what the bank needs and how Oracle would solve it and the others can't or don't have the features yet?

有人可以描述一下更多的技术性但仍然对银行需要什么以及Oracle如何解决它以及其他人不能或还没有这些功能的高级概述吗？

Minor question: would you use ORM if you have to develop a banking solution?

小问题：如果您必须开发银行解决方案，您会使用 ORM 吗？

I came from the web-app (web 2.0) crowd who normally hear news about MySQL, PostgreSQL or even key-value/column-oriented storage solution. I have almost zero knowledge on how Banks or Financial companies operates from technical perspective.

我来自 web 应用程序 (web 2.0) 人群，他们通常会听到有关 MySQL、PostgreSQL 甚至键值/面向列的存储解决方案的新闻。从技术角度来看，我对银行或金融公司如何运作的了解几乎为零。

Thank you, Ed

谢谢你，埃德

采纳答案by Tom Cabanski

Oracle has a reputation for better reliability and security. Historically, it has outperformed and out-scaled any other SQL engine. This is changing, but the perception is still there. In many markets, Oracle is still perceived as the gold standard. Financial services seems to be one of them.

Oracle 以更好的可靠性和安全性而著称。从历史上看，它的性能优于并超越了任何其他 SQL 引擎。这种情况正在改变，但这种看法仍然存在。在许多市场中，甲骨文仍然被视为黄金标准。金融服务似乎就是其中之一。

回答by David

Corporate Culture... History... Bias...

企业文化... 历史... 偏见...

AND Oracle is a very good DB, but so are plenty of others these days.

AND Oracle 是一个非常好的数据库，但现在还有很多其他数据库。

However, if the financial institution has been around forever, and they've used Oracle forever (since it WAS once in a class of its own), there's an investment there.

但是，如果金融机构永远存在，并且他们永远使用 Oracle（因为它曾经属于自己的一类），那么就有投资。

Also, since Oracle once dominated this market, people with experience in these industries are already more likely to be familiar with it and comfortable with it, so when building a new system it's a "comfortable" choice.

而且，由于甲骨文曾经在这个市场占据主导地位，在这些行业有经验的人已经更容易熟悉和适应它，所以在构建新系统时它是一个“舒适”的选择。

回答by Frank Heikens

PostgreSQL is also used, Caixa (a large bank in Brazil) uses it: PostgreSQL in Mission-Critical Financial Systems

PostgreSQL也用了，Caixa（巴西的一家大银行）用的： PostgreSQL in Mission-Critical Financial Systems

回答by Adriaan Stander

Which ever answer you receive, will most likely be biast based on the OP's personal comfort with the RDBMS used.

根据 OP 对所使用的 RDBMS 的个人舒适度，您收到的任何答案很可能是有偏见的。

Any corporate entity has more measures in paperwork, (From 1Tc to R2D2)to fill out, and get approved when changing working solutionsthan buying a house.

与购买房屋相比，任何公司实体都有更多的文书工作措施（从 1Tc 到 R2D2）需要填写并在更改工作解决方案时获得批准。

So if the environment you are talking about was using Ms Access, you would find it hard to convince them to change.

因此，如果您所谈论的环境是使用 Ms Access，您会发现很难说服他们改变。

Given all that, there was a time (not to distant past/even still today) where these kind of decisions was not made by developers, but by the costing company.

鉴于所有这些，有一段时间（不是遥远的过去/甚至今天），此类决定不是由开发人员做出的，而是由成本计算公司做出的。

Another joke. Given a programmers age, Have you ever heard of COBOL

另一个笑话。考虑到程序员的年龄，你听说过COBOL

回答by Ashraf Abusada

In addition to all the reasons that were mentioned Oracle is more preferred over MS SQL and other products like IBM DB, PostgreSQL and others is that:

除了提到的所有原因之外，Oracle 比 MS SQL 和其他产品（如 IBM DB、PostgreSQL 等）更受青睐的是：

• Oracle is the oldest since 1977, so we are talking about 37 years of development, while MS SQL Server since 1989 based on Sybase-SQL Server a joined project between MS, Ashton-Tate, and Sybase.
• Oracle has been specialized with Database development, whereas Microsoft was more focusing on Windows OS and Office in Addition to Variety of programming languages under the .Net framework, and packed under Visual Studio.
• The technical excess aspects in Oracle database over MS-SQL Server are mainly that Oracle is cross platform, as per database experts it executes queries faster, and it has two thing that MS-SQL Server doesn't have yet , One is how oracle handles stored proceduresit can group SPs in packages so that each package with all the stores procedures wrapped inside it can be called as a unit and executed explicitly by the application, which can't be done is MS SQL Server so far.
• The commercial marketing of Oracle over MS SQL Server coming mainly from the major developers of ERP solutions for companies tends to prefer Oracle over MS SQL Server because it is easier to deploy and implement on the company's infrastructure due to that Oracle is cross-platform so they think it's quicker to install and run Oracle Database while it won't be as easy with MS SQL server Database unless the entire platform is Windows that depends on windows NT and .Net framework which might not be always used or available in the company's infrastructure.

• Oracle 是 1977 年以来最古老的，所以我们说的是 37 年的发展，而 MS SQL Server 自 1989 年以来基于 Sybase-SQL Server 是 MS、Ashton-Tate 和 Sybase 之间的联合项目。
• Oracle一直专注于数据库开发，而微软除了.Net框架下的各种编程语言外，更专注于Windows操作系统和Office，并在Visual Studio下打包。
• Oracle 数据库相对于 MS-SQL Server 的技术过剩方面主要是 Oracle 是跨平台的，根据数据库专家的说法，它执行查询更快，并且它有两个 MS-SQL Server 还没有的东西，一个是oracle 的处理方式存储过程它可以将 SP 分组到包中，这样每个包含所有存储过程的包都可以作为一个单元被调用并由应用程序显式执行，这是迄今为止 MS SQL Server 无法做到的。
• Oracle 在 MS SQL Server 上的商业营销主要来自公司 ERP 解决方案的主要开发商往往更喜欢 Oracle 而不是 MS SQL Server 因为它更容易在公司的基础设施上部署和实施，因为 Oracle 是跨平台的，所以他们认为安装和运行 Oracle 数据库会更快，而使用 MS SQL 服务器数据库则不会那么容易，除非整个平台是 Windows，它依赖于 Windows NT 和 .Net 框架，这些框架可能并不总是在公司的基础设施中使用或可用。

回答by Jeff Areno

ORACLE has a very high performance when it comes to speed. Also the capacity in some fields and has more functionality on its procedures PL/SQL. The mysql/sql server also has stored procedures but the difference is ORACLE has more functions and executes faster compared to others. It can operate more higher buffering multiple transactions on its procedures and queries. Aside from that its almost the same with the other SQL's

ORACLE 在速度方面具有非常高的性能。还有一些领域的容量和在它的程序PL/SQL上有更多的功能。mysql/sql 服务器也有存储过程，但不同的是ORACLE 有更多的功能，执行速度比其他的快。它可以在其过程和查询上运行更高的缓冲多个事务。除此之外，它与其他 SQL 的几乎相同

回答by TTT

Oracle is also used by for instance salesforce and amazon (http://highscalability.com/amazon-architecture) and flight reservation (http://www.dbms2.com/2010/04/21/ita-software-needlebase-google/). And Oracle can run on multiple operating systems so you are less locked than MS SQL.

例如，salesforce 和亚马逊 ( http://highscalability.com/amazon-architecture) 和航班预订 ( http://www.dbms2.com/2010/04/21/ita-software-needlebase-google)也使用 Oracle /)。而且 Oracle 可以在多个操作系统上运行，因此与 MS SQL 相比，您的锁定更少。

A feature like flashback (http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/availability/htdocs/Flashback_Overview.htm) is very hard to implement in the client. Hash joins, analytical queries and materialized views are not stuff the client can do if you don't want to retrieve all the data from the database because that takes too much time. I've understood that mysql can't do a hash join. Oracle can also automatically parrallelize long running queries.

像闪回 ( http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/availability/htdocs/Flashback_Overview.htm)这样的功能在客户端很难实现。如果您不想从数据库中检索所有数据，则散列连接、分析查询和物化视图不是客户端可以执行的操作，因为这需要太多时间。我知道 mysql 不能进行哈希连接。Oracle 还可以自动并行化长时间运行的查询。

There is also support for changing the database schema without going offline.

还支持在不脱机的情况下更改数据库架构。

Oracle has also features for encryption and data security (even on row level).

Oracle 还具有加密和数据安全性（甚至在行级别）的特性。

I don't think that financial companies are going to use non-acid nosql systems. Maybe for logging but not for the "important" stuff. Maybe some use Berkeley DB because Berkeley DB has transactions.

我不认为金融公司会使用非酸性的 nosql 系统。也许是为了记录，但不是为了“重要”的东西。也许有些人使用 Berkeley DB，因为 Berkeley DB 有事务。