Java 具有动态测试数量的 JUnit 测试

Question

提问by Hans-Peter St?rr

In our project I have several JUnittests that e.g. take every file from a directory and run a test on it. If I implement a testEveryFileInDirectorymethod in the TestCasethis shows up as only one test that may fail or succeed. But I am interested in the results on each individual file. How can I write a TestCase/ TestSuitesuch that each file shows up as a separate test e.g. in the graphical TestRunner of Eclipse? (Coding an explicit test method for each file is not an option.)

在我们的项目中，我有几个JUnit测试，例如从目录中获取每个文件并对其运行测试。如果我实现了一个testEveryFileInDirectory方法，TestCase这将显示为只有一个可能失败或成功的测试。但我对每个单独文件的结果感兴趣。如何编写TestCase/TestSuite以便每个文件显示为单独的测试，例如在 Eclipse 的图形化 TestRunner 中？（为每个文件编写显式测试方法不是一种选择。）

Compare also the question ParameterizedTest with a name in Eclipse Testrunner.

还将问题ParameterizedTest 与 Eclipse Testrunner 中的名称进行比较。

Answer 1

采纳答案by bruno conde

Take a look at Parameterized Testsin JUnit 4.

查看JUnit 4中的参数化测试。

Actually I did this a few days ago. I'll try to explain ...

实际上，我几天前就这样做了。我会尽力解释...

First build your test class normally, as you where just testing with one input file. Decorate your class with:

首先正常构建您的测试类，就像您只使用一个输入文件进行测试一样。装饰你的班级：

@RunWith(Parameterized.class)

Build one constructor that takes the input that will change in every test call (in this case it may be the file itself)

构建一个构造函数，它接受将在每次测试调用中更改的输入（在这种情况下，它可能是文件本身）

Then, build a static method that will return a Collectionof arrays. Each array in the collection will contain the input arguments for your class constructor e.g. the file. Decorate this method with:

然后，构建一个将返回Collection数组的静态方法。集合中的每个数组都将包含类构造函数的输入参数，例如文件。使用以下方法装饰此方法：

@Parameters

Here's a sample class.

这是一个示例类。

@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
public class ParameterizedTest {

    private File file;

    public ParameterizedTest(File file) {
        this.file = file;
    }

    @Test
    public void test1() throws Exception {  }

    @Test
    public void test2() throws Exception {  }

    @Parameters
    public static Collection<Object[]> data() {
        // load the files as you want
        Object[] fileArg1 = new Object[] { new File("path1") };
        Object[] fileArg2 = new Object[] { new File("path2") };

        Collection<Object[]> data = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
        data.add(fileArg1);
        data.add(fileArg2);
        return data;
    }
}

Also check this example

也检查这个例子

Answer 2

回答by Michael Borgwardt

Should be possible in JUnit 3 by inheriting from TestSuiteand overriding the tests()method to list the files and for each return an instance of a subclass of TestCasethat takes the filename as constructor parameter and has a test method that tests the file given in the constructor.

在 JUnit 3 中应该可以通过继承TestSuite和覆盖tests()列出文件的方法，并为每个返回一个子类的实例，该子类TestCase将文件名作为构造函数参数，并具有测试构造函数中给出的文件的测试方法。

In JUnit 4 it might be even easier.

在 JUnit 4 中，它可能更容易。

Answer 3

回答by McDowell

JUnit 3

public class XTest extends TestCase {

    public File file;

    public XTest(File file) {
        super(file.toString());
        this.file = file;
    }

    public void testX() {
        fail("Failed: " + file);
    }

}

public class XTestSuite extends TestSuite {

    public static Test suite() {
        TestSuite suite = new TestSuite("XTestSuite");
        File[] files = new File(".").listFiles();
        for (File file : files) {
            suite.addTest(new XTest(file));
        }
        return suite;
    }

}

JUnit 4

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameters;

@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
public class TestY {

    @Parameters
    public static Collection<Object[]> getFiles() {
        Collection<Object[]> params = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
        for (File f : new File(".").listFiles()) {
            Object[] arr = new Object[] { f };
            params.add(arr);
        }
        return params;
    }

    private File file;

    public TestY(File file) {
        this.file = file;
    }

    @Test
    public void testY() {
        fail(file.toString());
    }

}

Answer 4

回答by Ben Hutchison

If TestNG is an option, you could use Parameters with DataProviders.

如果 TestNG 是一个选项，您可以将Parameters 与 DataProviders 一起使用。

Each individual file's test will have its result shown in the text-based report or Eclipse's TestNG plugin UI. The number of total tests run will count each of your files individually.

每个单独文件的测试结果都将显示在基于文本的报告或 Eclipse 的 TestNG 插件 UI 中。运行的总测试数将单独计算您的每个文件。

This behavior differs from JUnit Theories, in which all results are lumped under one "theory" entry and only count as 1 test. If you want separate result reporting in JUnit, you can try Parameterized Tests.

这种行为与 JUnit Theories不同，在JUnit Theories中，所有结果都集中在一个“理论”条目下，并且只计为 1 个测试。如果您想在 JUnit 中单独报告结果，您可以尝试Parameterized Tests。

Test and inputs

测试和输入

public class FileTest {

    @DataProvider(name="files")
    public File[][] getFiles(){
        return new File[][] {
            { new File("file1") },
            { new File("file2") }
        };
        // or scan a directory
    }

    @Test(dataProvider="files")
    public void testFile(File file){
        //run tests on file
    }
}

Example output

示例输出

PASSED: testFile(file1)
PASSED: testFile(file2)

===============================================
    Default test
    Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

Answer 5

回答by falsarella

You could consider using JUnitParams library, so you would have a few more (cleaner) options:

您可以考虑使用JUnitParams library，因此您将有更多（更干净）的选择：

@org.junit.runner.RunWith(junitparams.JUnitParamsRunner.class)
public class ParameterizedTest {

    @org.junit.Test
    @junitparams.Parameters(method = "data")
    public void test1(File file) throws Exception {  }

    @org.junit.Test
    @junitparams.Parameters(method = "data")
    public void test2(File file) throws Exception {  }

    public static File[] data() {
        return new File[] { new File("path1"), new File("path2") };
    }
}

@org.junit.runner.RunWith(junitparams.JUnitParamsRunner.class)
public class ParameterizedTest {

    @org.junit.Test
    @junitparams.Parameters(value = { "path1", "path2" })
    public void test1(String path) throws Exception {
        File file = new File(path);
    }

    @org.junit.Test
    @junitparams.Parameters(value = { "path1", "path2" })
    public void test2(String path) throws Exception {
        File file = new File(path);
    }
}

You can see more samples of usage here.

您可以在此处查看更多使用示例。

In addition about JUnitParams, why writting parameterized tests with it is easier and more readable:

另外关于 JUnitParams，为什么用它编写参数化测试更容易和更易读：

JUnitParams project adds a new runner to JUnit and provides much easier and readable parametrised tests for JUnit >=4.6.
Main differences to standard JUnit Parametrised runner:
more explicit - params are in test method params, not class fields
less code - you don't need a constructor to set up parameters
you can mix parametrised with non-parametrised methods in one class
params can be passed as a CSV string or from a parameters provider class
parameters provider class can have as many parameters providing methods as you want, so that you can group different cases
you can have a test method that provides parameters (no external classes or statics anymore)
you can see actual parameter values in your IDE (in JUnit's Parametrised it's only consecutive numbers of parameters)

JUnitParams 项目为 JUnit 添加了一个新的运行器，并为 JUnit >=4.6 提供了更简单易读的参数化测试。
与标准 JUnit 参数化运行器的主要区别：
更明确 - 参数在测试方法参数中，而不是类字段
更少的代码 - 您不需要构造函数来设置参数
你可以在一个类中混合参数化和非参数化方法
params 可以作为 CSV 字符串或从参数提供程序类传递
参数提供者类可以有任意多的参数提供方法，这样你就可以对不同的情况进行分组
你可以有一个提供参数的测试方法（不再有外部类或静态）
您可以在 IDE 中看到实际的参数值（在 JUnit 的参数化中，它只是连续的参数数量）

Answer 6

回答by Kimble

I had a similar problem and ended up writing a simple JUnit 4 runner that allows med to dynamically generate tests.

我遇到了类似的问题，最终编写了一个简单的 JUnit 4 运行程序，它允许 med 动态生成测试。

https://github.com/kimble/junit-test-factory

Answer 7

回答by avandeursen

Junit 5 Parameterized Tests

Junit 5 参数化测试

JUnit 5parameterized tests support this by allowing the use of a method as data source:

JUnit 5参数化测试通过允许使用方法作为数据源来支持这一点：

@ParameterizedTest
@MethodSource("fileProvider")
void testFile(File f) {
    // Your test comes here
}

static Stream<File> fileProvider() {
    return Arrays.asList(new File(".").list()).stream();
}

JUnit 5 DynamicTests

JUnit 5 动态测试

JUnit 5also supports this through the notion of a DynamicTest, which is to be generated in a @TestFactory, by means of the static method dynamicTest.

JUnit 5还通过 a 的概念支持这一点，aDynamicTest将@TestFactory通过静态方法在 a 中生成dynamicTest。

import org.junit.jupiter.api.DynamicTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestFactory;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.DynamicTest.dynamicTest;

import java.util.stream.Stream;

@TestFactory
public Stream<DynamicTest> testFiles() {
    return Arrays.asList(new File(".").list())
            .stream()
            .map((file) -> dynamicTest(
                    "Test for file: " + file,
                    () -> { /* Your test comes here */ }));
}

The tests run in your IDE (IntelliJ here) will be displayed like this:

在您的 IDE（此处为 IntelliJ）中运行的测试将显示如下：

Java 具有动态测试数量的 JUnit 测试

提问by Hans-Peter St?rr

采纳答案by bruno conde

回答by Michael Borgwardt

回答by McDowell

回答by Ben Hutchison

Test and inputs

测试和输入

Example output

示例输出

回答by falsarella

回答by Kimble

回答by avandeursen

相关推荐

最近更新

标签

Java 具有动态测试数量的 JUnit 测试

提问by Hans-Peter St?rr

采纳答案by bruno conde

回答by Michael Borgwardt

回答by McDowell

回答by Ben Hutchison

Test and inputs

测试和输入

Example output

示例输出

回答by falsarella

回答by Kimble

回答by avandeursen

相关推荐

在 Eclipse 中构建 Java 后如何自动导出 WAR？

Java 如何从 Gmail 下载所有带有附件的电子邮件？

java或c ++中的邻接矩阵以查找连接的节点

Java JUnit 4：在运行测试之前在测试套件中设置内容（如测试的 @BeforeClass 方法，仅用于测试套件）

相关推荐

最近更新

标签