database 如何从 bash shell 使用 psql 命令执行多个查询?

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时间:2020-09-08 07:53:51  来源:igfitidea点击:

How to execute multiple queries using psql command from bash shell?

databasepostgresqlshell

提问by Pankaj Goyal

I need to execute postgresql queries from command line using psql -c command. For every psql command, it opens a new tcp connection to connect to the database server and execute query which is a overhead for large number of queries.

我需要使用 psql -c 命令从命令行执行 postgresql 查询。对于每个 psql 命令,它会打开一个新的 tcp 连接以连接到数据库服务器并执行查询,这对于大量查询来说是一种开销。

Currently I can execute single query like this:

目前我可以像这样执行单个查询:

psql -U postgres -h <ip_addr> -c "SELECT * FROM xyz_table;"

When I tried to execute multiple queries as below, but only the last query got executed.

当我尝试执行如下多个查询时,但只执行了最后一个查询。

psql -U postgres -h <ip_addr> -c "SELECT * FROM xyz_table; SELECT * FROM abc_table;"

Can anyone help me and tell me the proper way to do it?

任何人都可以帮助我并告诉我正确的方法吗?

回答by keltar

-cprocesses only one command. Without it however psqlexpects commands to be passed into standard input, e.g.:

-c只处理一个命令。但是没有它psql期望命令被传递到标准输入,例如:

psql -U postgres -h <ip_addr> <database_name> << EOF
SELECT * FROM xyz_table;
SELECT * FROM abc_table;
EOF

Or by using echoand pipes.

或者通过使用echo和管道。

回答by Clodoaldo Neto

The --fileparameter executes a file's content

--file参数执行文件的内容

psql -U postgres -h <ip_addr> -f "my_file.psql"

All the output will be sent to standard output

所有输出都将发送到标准输出

http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/app-psql.html

http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/app-psql.html

回答by Salami

Using echoand a pipe to fit it on a single line:

使用echo和管道将其放在一条线上:

echo 'SELECT * FROM xyz_table; \n SELECT * FROM abc_table' | psql -U postgres 

回答by Cyril Damm

at least from 9.6.2 this approach works as well:

至少从 9.6.2 开始,这种方法也有效:

psql -c "select now()" -c "select version()" -U postgres -h 127.0.0.1

psql -c “现在选择()” -c “选择版本()” -U postgres -h 127.0.0.1

now

现在

2017-12-26 20:25:45.874935+01 (1 row)

2017-12-26 20:25:45.874935+01(1 行)

version

版本

PostgreSQL 9.6.2 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Ubuntu 5.3.1-14ubuntu2) 5.3.1 20160413, 64-bit (1 row)

x86_64-pc-linux-gnu 上的 PostgreSQL 9.6.2,由 gcc 编译 (Ubuntu 5.3.1-14ubuntu2) 5.3.1 20160413,64 位(1 行)