bash 如何在unix shell脚本中循环匹配正则表达式的文件

how to loop through files that match a regular expression in a unix shell script

提问by paul frith

I want to be able to loop through a list of files that match a particular pattern. I can get unix to list these files using ls and egrep with a regular expression, but I cannot find a way to turn this into an iterative process. I suspect that using ls is not the answer. Any help would be gratefully received.

我希望能够遍历匹配特定模式的文件列表。我可以让 unix 使用带有正则表达式的 ls 和 egrep 列出这些文件，但我找不到将其转换为迭代过程的方法。我怀疑使用 ls 不是答案。任何帮助将不胜感激。

My current ls command looks as follows:

我当前的 ls 命令如下所示：

ls | egrep -i 'MYFILE[0-9][0-9]([0][1-9]|1[0-2])([0][1-9]|[12][0-9]|[3][01]).dat'

I would expect the above to match:

我希望以上内容匹配：

• MYFILE160418.dat
• myFILE170312.DAT
• MyFiLe160416.DaT

• MYFILE160418.dat
• myFILE170312.DAT
• 我的文件160416.DaT

but not:

但不是：

• MYOTHERFILE150202.DAT
• Myfile.dat
• myfile.csv

• MYOTHERFILE150202.DAT
• 我的文件
• 我的文件.csv

Thanks,

谢谢，

Paul.

保罗。

采纳答案by 123

You can use (GNU) findwith the regex search option instead of parsing ls.

您可以将 (GNU)find与正则表达式搜索选项一起使用，而不是解析ls.

find . -regextype "egrep" \
       -iregex '.*/MYFILE[0-9][0-9]([0][1-9]|1[0-2])([0][1-9]|[12][0-9]|[3][01]).dat' \
       -exec [[whatever you want to do]] {} \;

Where [[whatever you want to do]]is the command you want to perform on the names of the files.

[[whatever you want to do]]您要对文件名执行的命令在哪里。

From the man page

从手册页

-regextype type
          Changes  the regular expression syntax understood by -regex and -iregex tests 
          which occur later on the command line.  Currently-implemented types are 
          emacs (this is the default),posix-awk, posix-basic, posix-egrep and 
          posix-extended.

  -regex pattern
          File name matches regular expression pattern.  This is a match on the whole 
          path, not a search.  For example, to match a file named `./fubar3', you can 
          use the regular expression
          `.*bar.' or `.*b.*3', but not `f.*r3'.  The regular expressions understood by 
          find are by default Emacs Regular Expressions, but this can be changed with 
          the -regextype option.

  -iregex pattern
          Like -regex, but the match is case insensitive.

-regextype type
          Changes  the regular expression syntax understood by -regex and -iregex tests 
          which occur later on the command line.  Currently-implemented types are 
          emacs (this is the default),posix-awk, posix-basic, posix-egrep and 
          posix-extended.

  -regex pattern
          File name matches regular expression pattern.  This is a match on the whole 
          path, not a search.  For example, to match a file named `./fubar3', you can 
          use the regular expression
          `.*bar.' or `.*b.*3', but not `f.*r3'.  The regular expressions understood by 
          find are by default Emacs Regular Expressions, but this can be changed with 
          the -regextype option.

  -iregex pattern
          Like -regex, but the match is case insensitive.

回答by paul frith

Based on the link Andy K provided I have used the following to loop based on my matching criteria:

基于 Andy K 提供的链接，我使用以下内容根据我的匹配标准进行循环：

for i in $(ls | egrep -i 'MYFILE[0-9][0-9]([0][1-9]|1[0-2])([0][1-9]|[12][0-9]|[3][01]).dat' ); do             
 echo item: $i;         
done