C# 同时运行两个 winform 窗口

Run two winform windows simultaneously

提问by RJB

I have two C# winform (.NET 4.0) forms that each run separate but similar automated tasks continuously. Separate in that they are distinct processes/workflows, but similar enough in how they operate to share the same resources (methods, data models, assemblies, etc) in the project.

我有两个 C# winform (.NET 4.0) 表单，每个表单都连续运行独立但相似的自动化任务。分开是因为它们是不同的过程/工作流，但它们在如何操作以共享项目中的相同资源（方法、数据模型、程序集等）方面足够相似。

Both forms are complete, but now I'm not sure how to run the program so that each window opens on launch and runs independently. The program will be "always-on" when deployed.

两种形式都已完成，但现在我不确定如何运行该程序，以便每个窗口在启动时打开并独立运行。该程序在部署时将“永远在线”。

This might seem a little basic, but most of my development experience has been web applications. Threading/etc is still a little foreign to me. I've researched but most of the answers I've found relate to user interaction and sequential use cases -- this will just be one system continuously running two distinct processes, which will need to interact with the world independently.

这可能看起来有点基础，但我的大部分开发经验都是 Web 应用程序。线程/等对我来说仍然有点陌生。我已经研究过，但我发现的大多数答案都与用户交互和顺序用例有关——这只是一个系统，连续运行两个不同的进程，它们需要独立地与世界交互。

Potential solutions I've found might involve multi-threading, or maybe some kind of MDI, or a few folks have suggested the DockPanelSuite (although being in a super-corporate environment, downloading third party files is easier said than done).

我发现的潜在解决方案可能涉及多线程，或者某种 MDI，或者一些人建议使用 DockPanelSuite（尽管在超级企业环境中，下载第三方文件说起来容易做起来难）。

static class Program
{
    /// <summary>
    /// The main entry point for the application.
    /// </summary>
    [STAThread]
    static void Main()
    {
        Application.EnableVisualStyles();
        Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);

        // Rather than specifying frmOne or frmTwo,
        // load both winforms and keep them running.
        Application.Run(new frmOne());
    }
}

采纳答案by Servy

You can create a new ApplicationContextto represent multiple forms:

您可以创建一个 newApplicationContext来表示多个表单：

public class MultiFormContext : ApplicationContext
{
    private int openForms;
    public MultiFormContext(params Form[] forms)
    {
        openForms = forms.Length;

        foreach (var form in forms)
        {
            form.FormClosed += (s, args) =>
            {
                //When we have closed the last of the "starting" forms, 
                //end the program.
                if (Interlocked.Decrement(ref openForms) == 0)
                    ExitThread();
            };

            form.Show();
        }
    }
}

Using that you can now write:

使用它，您现在可以编写：

Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
Application.Run(new MultiFormContext(new Form1(), new Form2()));

回答by Paul Sasik

If you really need two windows/forms to run on two separate UI threads, you could do something like this:

如果你真的需要两个窗口/窗体在两个单独的 UI 线程上运行，你可以这样做：

static class Program
{
    [STAThread]
    static void Main()
    {
        Application.EnableVisualStyles();
        Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);

        var thread = new Thread(ThreadStart);
        // allow UI with ApartmentState.STA though [STAThread] above should give that to you
        thread.TrySetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA); 
        thread.Start(); 

        Application.Run(new frmOne());
    }

    private static void ThreadStart()
    {
        Application.Run(new frmTwo()); // <-- other form started on its own UI thread
    }
}

回答by bas

Assumption

假设

You do not needthe two different processes, you are only using the 2 processes because you want to have the two different forms and want to be able to keep the application running until both forms are exited.

您不需要这两个不同的进程，您只使用 2 个进程，因为您希望拥有两种不同的表单，并且希望能够让应用程序一直运行，直到退出这两个表单。

Another solution

另一种解决方案

Rely on the Form.Closedevent mechanism. You can add an eventhandler which allows you to specify what to do when a form closes. E.g. exit the application when bothforms are closed.

依靠Form.Closed事件机制。您可以添加一个事件处理程序，它允许您指定表单关闭时要执行的操作。例如，当两个表单都关闭时退出应用程序。

In terms of some code

在一些代码方面

    public Form1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        _form2 = new Form2();
        _form2.Show(this);

        this.Closed += Form1Closed;
        _form2.Closed += Form2Closed;
    }

    protected override void OnFormClosing(FormClosingEventArgs e)
    {
        e.Cancel = true;
        Hide();
        Form1Closed(this, new EventArgs());
        base.OnFormClosing(e);
    }

    private void Form1Closed(object sender, EventArgs eventArgs)
    {
        form1IsClosed = true;

        TryExitApplication();
    }

    private void Form2Closed(object sender, EventArgs eventArgs)
    {
        _form2IsClosed = true;

        TryExitApplication();
    }

    private void TryExitApplication()
    {
        if (form1IsClosed && _form2IsClosed)
        {
            Dispose();
            Application.Exit();
        }
    }

Note that this should be refactored to make it a better solution.

请注意，这应该重构以使其成为更好的解决方案。

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UPDATE

更新

The comments provided by Servy made my revise this "supposed to be simple solution", which pointed out that his solution is way better then this solution. Since I am supported to leave the answer I will use this answer I will also address the issues that start arising when going for this solution:

Servy 提供的评论使我修改了这个“应该是简单的解决方案”，指出他的解决方案比这个解决方案更好。由于我支持留下答案，因此我将使用此答案，我还将解决在寻求此解决方案时开始出现的问题：

• cancelling close events
• rerouting from one event to another
• force calling Dispose.
• as Servy pointed out: maintenance unfriendly (state to check which form is closed)

• 取消关闭事件
• 从一个事件重新路由到另一个事件
• 强制调用Dispose。
• 正如 Servy 指出的那样：维护不友好（状态检查哪个表单已关闭）