Python 如何在 CSV 文件中写入 UTF-8
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How to write UTF-8 in a CSV file
提问by Martin
I am trying to create a text file in csv format out of a PyQt4 QTableWidget. I want to write the text with a UTF-8 encoding because it contains special characters. I use following code:
我正在尝试从 PyQt4 中创建一个 csv 格式的文本文件QTableWidget。我想用 UTF-8 编码编写文本，因为它包含特殊字符。我使用以下代码：
import codecs
...
myfile = codecs.open(filename, 'w','utf-8')
...
f = result.table.item(i,c).text()
myfile.write(f+";")
It works until the cell contains a special character. I tried also with
它一直工作到单元格包含特殊字符为止。我也试过
myfile = open(filename, 'w')
...
f = unicode(result.table.item(i,c).text(), "utf-8")
But it also stops when a special character appears. I have no idea what I am doing wrong.
但是当出现特殊字符时它也会停止。我不知道我做错了什么。
回答by Aaron Digulla
The examples in the Python documentation show how to write Unicode CSV files: http://docs.python.org/2/library/csv.html#examples
Python 文档中的示例展示了如何编写 Unicode CSV 文件：http: //docs.python.org/2/library/csv.html#examples
(can't copy the code here because it's protected by copyright)
（这里不能复制代码，因为它受版权保护）
回答by Gijs
Use this package, it just works: https://github.com/jdunck/python-unicodecsv.
使用这个包，它就可以工作：https://github.com/jdunck/python-unicodecsv。
回答by kqw
From your shell run:
从你的 shell 运行：
pip2 install unicodecsv
And (unlike the original question) presuming you're using Python's built in csvmodule, turn import csvinto import unicodecsv as csvin your code.
而且（不同于原来的问题）假设你正在使用Python的内置csv模块，转import csv成import unicodecsv as csv在你的代码。
回答by Zanon
回答by vpathak
A very simple hack is to use the json import instead of csv. For example instead of csv.writer just do the following:
一个非常简单的技巧是使用 json 导入而不是 csv。例如，而不是 csv.writer 只需执行以下操作：
fd = codecs.open(tempfilename, 'wb', 'utf-8')
for c in whatever :
fd.write( json.dumps(c) [1:-1] ) # json dumps writes ["a",..]
fd.write('\n')
fd.close()
Basically, given the list of fields in correct order, the json formatted string is identical to a csv line except for [ and ] at the start and end respectively. And json seems to be robust to utf-8 in python 2.*
基本上，给定正确顺序的字段列表，json 格式的字符串与 csv 行相同，除了 [ 和 ] 分别位于开头和结尾。json 似乎对 python 2.* 中的 utf-8 很健壮
回答by Bojan Bogdanovic
For me the UnicodeWriterclass from Python 2 CSV module documentation didn't really work as it breaks the csv.writer.write_row()interface.
对我来说UnicodeWriter，Python 2 CSV 模块文档中的类并没有真正起作用，因为它破坏了csv.writer.write_row()界面。
For example:
例如：
csv_writer = csv.writer(csv_file)
row = ['The meaning', 42]
csv_writer.writerow(row)
works, while:
有效，同时：
csv_writer = UnicodeWriter(csv_file)
row = ['The meaning', 42]
csv_writer.writerow(row)
will throw AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'encode'.
会扔AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'encode'。
As UnicodeWriterobviously expects all column values to be strings, we can convert the values ourselves and just use the default CSV module:
作为UnicodeWriter显然希望所有列的值是字符串，我们可以将这些值自己和只使用默认CSV模块：
def to_utf8(lst):
return [unicode(elem).encode('utf-8') for elem in lst]
...
csv_writer.writerow(to_utf8(row))
Or we can even monkey-patch csv_writer to add a write_utf8_rowfunction - the exercise is left to the reader.
或者我们甚至可以修补 csv_writer 来添加一个write_utf8_row函数——这个练习留给读者。
回答by pymen
For python2you can use this code before csv_writer.writerows(rows)
This code will NOT convert integers to utf-8 strings
对于python2，您可以在此代码之前使用此代码csv_writer.writerows(rows)
此代码不会将整数转换为 utf-8 字符串
def encode_rows_to_utf8(rows):
encoded_rows = []
for row in rows:
encoded_row = []
for value in row:
if isinstance(value, basestring):
value = unicode(value).encode("utf-8")
encoded_row.append(value)
encoded_rows.append(encoded_row)
return encoded_rows
