C# 您可以使用多个过滤器调用 Directory.GetFiles() 吗？
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Can you call Directory.GetFiles() with multiple filters?
提问by Jason Z
I am trying to use the Directory.GetFiles()method to retrieve a list of files of multiple types, such as mp3's and jpg's. I have tried both of the following with no luck:
我正在尝试使用该Directory.GetFiles()方法来检索多种类型的文件列表，例如mp3's 和jpg's。我已经尝试了以下两种方法，但都没有运气：
Directory.GetFiles("C:\path", "*.mp3|*.jpg", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
Directory.GetFiles("C:\path", "*.mp3;*.jpg", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
Is there a way to do this in one call?
有没有办法在一次通话中做到这一点？
采纳答案by Christoffer Lette
For .NET 4.0 and later,
对于 .NET 4.0 及更高版本，
var files = Directory.EnumerateFiles("C:\path", "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
.Where(s => s.EndsWith(".mp3") || s.EndsWith(".jpg"));
For earlier versions of .NET,
对于 .NET 的早期版本，
var files = Directory.GetFiles("C:\path", "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
.Where(s => s.EndsWith(".mp3") || s.EndsWith(".jpg"));
edit:Please read the comments. The improvement that Paul Farrysuggests, and the memory/performance issue that Christian.Kpoints out are both very important.
编辑：请阅读评论。Paul Farry建议的改进，以及Christian.K指出的内存/性能问题都非常重要。
回答by NotMe
Nope. Try the following:
不。请尝试以下操作：
List<string> _searchPatternList = new List<string>();
...
List<string> fileList = new List<string>();
foreach ( string ext in _searchPatternList )
{
foreach ( string subFile in Directory.GetFiles( folderName, ext )
{
fileList.Add( subFile );
}
}
// Sort alpabetically
fileList.Sort();
// Add files to the file browser control
foreach ( string fileName in fileList )
{
...;
}
Taken from: http://blogs.msdn.com/markda/archive/2006/04/20/580075.aspx
摘自：http: //blogs.msdn.com/markda/archive/2006/04/20/580075.aspx
回答by sebagomez
Nop... I believe you have to make as many calls as the file types you want.
不...我相信你必须根据你想要的文件类型进行尽可能多的调用。
I would create a function myself taking an array on strings with the extensions I need and then iterate on that array making all the necessary calls. That function would return a generic list of the files matching the extensions I'd sent.
我会自己创建一个函数，在字符串上使用我需要的扩展名的数组，然后在该数组上进行迭代，进行所有必要的调用。该函数将返回与我发送的扩展名匹配的文件的通用列表。
Hope it helps.
希望能帮助到你。
回答by Jason Z
Just found an another way to do it. Still not one operation, but throwing it out to see what other people think about it.
刚刚找到了另一种方法来做到这一点。仍然不是一个操作，而是把它扔出去看看其他人是怎么想的。
private void getFiles(string path)
{
foreach (string s in Array.FindAll(Directory.GetFiles(path, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories), predicate_FileMatch))
{
Debug.Print(s);
}
}
private bool predicate_FileMatch(string fileName)
{
if (fileName.EndsWith(".mp3"))
return true;
if (fileName.EndsWith(".jpg"))
return true;
return false;
}
回答by Alexander Popov
The following function searches on multiple patterns, separated by commas. You can also specify an exclusion, eg: "!web.config" will search for all files and exclude "web.config". Patterns can be mixed.
以下函数搜索多个模式，以逗号分隔。您还可以指定排除项，例如：“!web.config”将搜索所有文件并排除“web.config”。图案可以混合。
private string[] FindFiles(string directory, string filters, SearchOption searchOption)
{
if (!Directory.Exists(directory)) return new string[] { };
var include = (from filter in filters.Split(new char[] { ',' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries) where !string.IsNullOrEmpty(filter.Trim()) select filter.Trim());
var exclude = (from filter in include where filter.Contains(@"!") select filter);
include = include.Except(exclude);
if (include.Count() == 0) include = new string[] { "*" };
var rxfilters = from filter in exclude select string.Format("^{0}$", filter.Replace("!", "").Replace(".", @"\.").Replace("*", ".*").Replace("?", "."));
Regex regex = new Regex(string.Join("|", rxfilters.ToArray()));
List<Thread> workers = new List<Thread>();
List<string> files = new List<string>();
foreach (string filter in include)
{
Thread worker = new Thread(
new ThreadStart(
delegate
{
string[] allfiles = Directory.GetFiles(directory, filter, searchOption);
if (exclude.Count() > 0)
{
lock (files)
files.AddRange(allfiles.Where(p => !regex.Match(p).Success));
}
else
{
lock (files)
files.AddRange(allfiles);
}
}
));
workers.Add(worker);
worker.Start();
}
foreach (Thread worker in workers)
{
worker.Join();
}
return files.ToArray();
}
Usage:
用法：
foreach (string file in FindFiles(@"D:8.2.11", @"!*.config, !*.js", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
{
Console.WriteLine(file);
}
回答by abatishchev
Let
让
var set = new HashSet<string> { ".mp3", ".jpg" };
Then
然后
Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
.Where(f => set.Contains(
new FileInfo(f).Extension,
StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
or
或者
from file in Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
from ext in set
where String.Equals(ext, new FileInfo(file).Extension, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
select file;
回答by Rajeesh Kuthuparakkal
List<string> FileList = new List<string>();
DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo("C:\DirName");
IEnumerable<FileInfo> fileList = di.GetFiles("*.*");
//Create the query
IEnumerable<FileInfo> fileQuery = from file in fileList
where (file.Extension.ToLower() == ".jpg" || file.Extension.ToLower() == ".png")
orderby file.LastWriteTime
select file;
foreach (System.IO.FileInfo fi in fileQuery)
{
fi.Attributes = FileAttributes.Normal;
FileList.Add(fi.FullName);
}
回答by jnoreiga
If you have a large list of extensions to check you can use the following. I didn't want to create a lot of OR statements so i modified what lette wrote.
如果您有大量要检查的扩展名列表，您可以使用以下方法。我不想创建很多 OR 语句，所以我修改了 lette 写的内容。
string supportedExtensions = "*.jpg,*.gif,*.png,*.bmp,*.jpe,*.jpeg,*.wmf,*.emf,*.xbm,*.ico,*.eps,*.tif,*.tiff,*.g01,*.g02,*.g03,*.g04,*.g05,*.g06,*.g07,*.g08";
foreach (string imageFile in Directory.GetFiles(_tempDirectory, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories).Where(s => supportedExtensions.Contains(Path.GetExtension(s).ToLower())))
{
//do work here
}
回答by jaysponsored
I can't use .Wheremethod because I'm programming in .NET Framework 2.0 (Linq is only supported in .NET Framework 3.5+).
我无法使用.Where方法，因为我在 .NET Framework 2.0 中编程（Linq 仅在 .NET Framework 3.5+ 中受支持）。
Code below is not case sensitive (so .CaBor .cabwill be listed too).
下面的代码不区分大小写（因此.CaB或.cab也将列出）。
string[] ext = new string[2] { "*.CAB", "*.MSU" };
foreach (string found in ext)
{
string[] extracted = Directory.GetFiles("C:\test", found, System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories);
foreach (string file in extracted)
{
Console.WriteLine(file);
}
}
回答by Dave Rael
Another way to use Linq, but without having to return everything and filter on that in memory.
另一种使用 Linq 的方法，但不必返回所有内容并在内存中对其进行过滤。
var files = Directory.GetFiles("C:\path", "*.mp3", SearchOption.AllDirectories).Union(Directory.GetFiles("C:\path", "*.jpg", SearchOption.AllDirectories));
It's actually 2 calls to GetFiles(), but I think it's consistent with the spirit of the question and returns them in one enumerable.
它实际上是对 的 2 次调用GetFiles()，但我认为这符合问题的精神并将它们返回到一个可枚举中。
