git gitignore 目录中的所有扩展文件

gitignore all files of extension in directory

提问by Harry

Is there a way to ignore all files of a type in a directory?

有没有办法忽略目录中某个类型的所有文件？

**is apparently meaningless to git, so this doesn't work:

**显然对 git 毫无意义，所以这不起作用：

/public/static/**/*.js

The idea is to match arbitrary nested folders.

这个想法是匹配任意嵌套的文件夹。

采纳答案by ptyx

Never tried it, but git help ignoresuggests that if you put a .gitignorewith *.jsin /public/static, it will do what you want.

从来没有尝试过，但git help ignore建议如果你把.gitignorewith *.jsin /public/static，它会做你想做的。

Note: make sure to also check out Joeys' answer below: if you want to ignore files in a specific subdirectory, then a local .gitignore is the right solution (locality is good). However if you need the same pattern to apply to your whole repo, then the ** solution is better.

注意：请务必查看下方 Joeys 的回答：如果您想忽略特定子目录中的文件，那么本地 .gitignore 是正确的解决方案（本地性很好）。但是，如果您需要将相同的模式应用于整个存储库，那么 ** 解决方案会更好。

回答by joeyhoer

It would appear that the **syntax is supported by gitas of version 1.8.2.1according to the documentation.

根据文档，该**语法似乎受gitas of version支持。1.8.2.1

Two consecutive asterisks ("**") in patterns matched against full pathname may have special meaning:

• A leading "**" followed by a slash means match in all directories. For example, "**/foo" matches file or directory "foo" anywhere, the same as pattern "foo". "**/foo/bar" matches file or directory "bar" anywhere that is directly under directory "foo".

• A trailing "/**" matches everything inside. For example, "abc/**" matches all files inside directory "abc", relative to the location of the .gitignorefile, with infinite depth.

• A slash followed by two consecutive asterisks then a slash matches zero or more directories. For example, "a/**/b" matches "a/b", "a/x/b", "a/x/y/b" and so on.

• Other consecutive asterisks are considered invalid.

**与完整路径名匹配的模式中的两个连续星号 (" ") 可能具有特殊含义：

• 前导 " **" 后跟斜杠表示在所有目录中匹配。例如，“ **/foo”匹配文件或目录“ foo”的任何位置，与模式“ foo”相同。" **/foo/bar" 匹配文件或目录 " bar" 直接位于目录 " foo"下的任何位置。

• 尾随的“ /**”匹配里面的所有内容。例如，“ abc/**”匹配目录“ abc”内的所有文件，相对于.gitignore文件的位置，具有无限深度。

• 斜杠后跟两个连续的星号，然后斜杠匹配零个或多个目录。例如，“ a/**/b”匹配“ a/b”、“ a/x/b”、“ a/x/y/b”等。

• 其他连续的星号被认为是无效的。

回答by Adam Sharp

UPDATE: Take a look at @Joey's answer: Git now supports the **syntax in patterns. Both approaches should work fine.

更新：看看@Joey 的回答：Git 现在支持**模式中的语法。这两种方法都应该可以正常工作。

---

---

The gitignore(5) man pagestates:

该gitignore（5）手册页中指出：

Patterns read from a .gitignore file in the same directory as the path, or in any parent directory, with patterns in the higher level files (up to the toplevel of the work tree) being overridden by those in lower level files down to the directory containing the file.

从与路径相同的目录或任何父目录中的 .gitignore 文件读取模式，高级文件中的模式（直到工作树的顶层）被低级文件中的模式覆盖到目录包含文件。

What this means is that the patterns in a .gitignorefile in any given directory of your repo will affect that directoryand all subdirectories.

这意味着在您的.gitignore存储库的任何给定目录中的文件中的模式将影响该目录和所有子目录。

The pattern you provided

您提供的图案

/public/static/**/*.js

isn't quite right, firstly because (as you correctly noted) the **syntax is not used by Git. Also, the leading /anchors that pattern to the start of the pathname. (So, /public/static/*.jswill match /public/static/foo.jsbut not/public/static/foo/bar.js.) Removing the leading /won't work either, matching paths like public/static/foo.jsand foo/public/static/bar.js.EDIT: Just removing the leading slash won't work either — because the pattern still contains a slash, it is treated by Git as a plain, non-recursive shell glob (thanks @Joey Hoerfor pointing this out).

不太正确，首先是因为（正如您正确指出的那样）**Git 不使用该语法。此外，该/模式的前导锚定到路径名的开头。（因此，/public/static/*.js将匹配/public/static/foo.js但不匹配/public/static/foo/bar.js。）删除前导/也不起作用，匹配public/static/foo.js和foo/public/static/bar.js. 编辑：仅仅删除前导斜杠也不起作用——因为模式仍然包含一个斜杠，它被 Git 视为一个普通的、非递归的 shell glob（感谢@Joey Hoer指出这一点）。

As @ptyx suggested, what you need to do is create the file <repo>/public/static/.gitignoreand include just this pattern:

正如@ptyx 所建议的，您需要做的是创建文件<repo>/public/static/.gitignore并仅包含以下模式：

*.js

There is no leading /, so it will match at any part of the path, and that pattern will only ever be applied to files in the /public/staticdirectory and its subdirectories.

没有前导/，因此它将匹配路径的任何部分，并且该模式将仅应用于/public/static目录及其子目录中的文件。

回答by Thiago Ramos

To ignore untracked files just go to .git/info/exclude. Exclude is a file with a list of ignored extensions or files.

要忽略未跟踪的文件，只需转到 .git/info/exclude。排除是一个包含被忽略的扩展名或文件列表的文件。

回答by Garini

I believe the simplest solution would be to use find. I do not like to have multiple .gitignorehanging around in sub-directories and I prefer to manage a unique, top-level .gitignore. To do so you could simply append the found files to your .gitignore. Supposing that /public/static/is your project/git home I would use something like:

我相信最简单的解决方案是使用find. 我不喜欢.gitignore在子目录中有多个闲逛，我更喜欢管理一个独特的顶级.gitignore. 为此，您只需将找到的文件附加到您的.gitignore. 假设那/public/static/是你的项目/git home，我会使用类似的东西：

find . -type f -name *.js | cut -c 3- >> .gitignore

I found that cutting out the ./at the beginning is often necessary for git to understand which files to avoid. Therefore the cut -c 3-.

我发现./在开始时删除git 通常需要了解要避免哪些文件。因此cut -c 3-.