Ruby-on-rails 安装 rmagick 时出错：错误：无法构建 gem 本机扩展

Error installing rmagick: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension

提问by user2863141

I am trying to run one project on my local machine. I installed Ruby and Rails on my Mac OS system. It is working properly. I can create a new project and can run it properly without any error, but when I try to run the existing project it says that we have to bundle install. When I run that command I get the following error:

我正在尝试在本地机器上运行一个项目。我在 Mac OS 系统上安装了 Ruby 和 Rails。它工作正常。我可以创建一个新项目并且可以正常运行它而不会出现任何错误，但是当我尝试运行现有项目时，它说我们必须bundle install. 当我运行该命令时，出现以下错误：

"An error occurred while installing rmagick (2.13.2), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install rmagick -v '2.13.2'` succeeds before bundling."

When I run gem install rmagick -v '2.13.2'it gives me the following error:

当我运行gem install rmagick -v '2.13.2'它给我以下错误：

ERROR:  Error installing rmagick:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p392/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... yes
checking for gcc-4.2... yes
checking for Magick-config... no
Can't install RMagick 2.13.2. Can't find Magick-config in /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/bin:/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/bin:/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p392/bin:/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/bin:/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/bin:/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p392/bin:/usr/local/rvm/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/opt/sm/bin:/opt/sm/pkg/active/bin:/opt/sm/pkg/active/sbin

*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
  --with-opt-dir
  --without-opt-dir
  --with-opt-include
  --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
  --with-opt-lib
  --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
  --with-make-prog
  --without-make-prog
  --srcdir=.
  --curdir
  --ruby=/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p392/bin/ruby


Gem files will remain installed in /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/rmagick-2.13.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/rmagick-2.13.2/ext/RMagick/gem_make.out

I have searched and did not find an answer anywhere.

我已经搜索过，但没有在任何地方找到答案。

回答by Jonathan

For Ubuntu, I used the ff. based on this link:

对于 Ubuntu，我使用了 ff。基于此链接：

$ sudo apt-get install libmagick++-dev

回答by Neil Billingham

On a mac (the below code works on OSX Mavericks):

在 Mac 上（以下代码适用于 OSX Mavericks）：

brew install imagemagick
gem install rmagick

回答by tevanraj

On Mac you can try this:

在 Mac 上你可以试试这个：

$ brew unlink imagemagick
$ brew install imagemagick@6 && brew link imagemagick@6 --force
$ gem install rmagick 

回答by Md Sirajus Salayhin

I have solved this problem by installing imagemagic:

我通过安装 imagemagic 解决了这个问题：

sudo apt-get install imagemagick

and then install libmagick package:

然后安装 libmagick 包：

sudo apt-get install libmagick++-dev

回答by Sumit Munot

For linux fedora, i got same error and fixed with below two commands:

对于 linux fedora，我遇到了同样的错误并使用以下两个命令进行了修复：

yum install ImageMagick

gem install rmagick 

For Centos install ImageMagick-develpackage. using below commands:

Centos 安装ImageMagick-devel包。使用以下命令：

yum install ImageMagick-devel

gem install rmagick

Thanks.

谢谢。

回答by Zakaria

First, make sure you've installed Imagemagick:

首先，请确保您已安装Imagemagick：

$ sudo apt-get install imagemagick

Now, it can build the gem native extension.

现在，它可以构建 gem 本机扩展。

Then, install the Rmagickgem :

然后，安装Rmagickgem：

$ sudo gem install rmagick

回答by James M

here's what i did on 16.04,

这是我在 16.04 所做的，

sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev
sudo apt-get install graphicsmagick-imagemagick-compat

and then install gem like that

然后像这样安装 gem

PATH="/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ImageMagick-6.8.9/bin-Q16:$PATH" gem install rmagick -v '2.13.2'

回答by Shekhar Prasad Rajak

May be you are installing ImageMagick version 7.x.x which will generate different folder names in your usr/lib/local/include/ImageMagick7.x.xfolder. E.g.

可能您正在安装 ImageMagick 7.xx 版，它会在您的usr/lib/local/include/ImageMagick7.x.x文件夹中生成不同的文件夹名称。例如

In ImageMagick6.x.x version we have magick, wandnamed folders, where in ImageMagick7.x.x version have named this MagickCore, MagickWand. So this updation is causing the problem in some gem installation like here. Which is using magick/some_header.hor wand/some_header.h(Means they are not updated with the new 7.x.x ImageMagick version).That's why we are getting this error :

在 ImageMagick6.xx 版本中，我们有magick,wand命名的文件夹，而在 ImageMagick7.xx 版本中，我们将其命名为MagickCore, MagickWand。所以这个更新在像这里这样的一些 gem 安装中导致了问题。哪个正在使用 magick/some_header.h或wand/some_header.h（意味着它们没有使用新的 7.xx ImageMagick 版本进行更新）。这就是我们收到此错误的原因：

```

``

checking for outdated ImageMagick version (<= 6.4.9)... no
checking for presence of MagickWand API (ImageMagick version >= 6.9.0)... no
 .... 
checking for wand/MagickWand.h... no

```

``

and in log file something like this :

在日志文件中是这样的：

error: 'MagickCore/method-attribute.h' file not found
#include "MagickCore/method-attribute.h"
         ^

Solution

解决方案

Install the ImageMagick6.x.x version in your system from the official site : https://www.imagemagick.org/download/and install it using this commands(after extract zip/tar) :

从官方网站在您的系统中安装 ImageMagick6.xx 版本：https: //www.imagemagick.org/download/并使用以下命令安装（解压 zip/tar 后）：

./configure
make 
make install

Then do

然后做

gem install rmagick

gem install rmagick

It will work.

它会起作用。

回答by Abdul Wahed

first run this: sudo apt-get install imagemagick

首先运行这个： sudo apt-get install imagemagick

then: sudo apt-get install libmagick++-dev

然后： sudo apt-get install libmagick++-dev

now install rmagick: gem install rmagick

现在安装 rmagick： gem install rmagick

回答by Krishna kushwaha

Just run these command

只需运行这些命令

? $ sudo apt-get install imagemagick
? $ sudo apt-get install libmagick++-dev
? $ sudo gem install rmagick
? $ bundle install