.net PowerShell -match 运算符和多个组
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PowerShell -match operator and multiple groups
提问by Eric Schoonover
I have the following log entry that I am processing in PowerShell I'm trying to extract all the activity names and durations using the -matchoperator but I am only getting one match group back. I'm not getting all of the matches that I see when I do the same thing in C# using the Regexobject. Can someone explain what I am doing wrong?
我有以下正在 PowerShell 中处理的日志条目我正在尝试使用-match运算符提取所有活动名称和持续时间，但我只得到一个匹配组。当我使用Regex对象在 C# 中做同样的事情时，我没有得到我看到的所有匹配。有人可以解释我做错了什么吗？
Relevant PowerShell Script
相关的 PowerShell 脚本
$formattedMessage -match "(Get\sClient\sModel|Parse\sExpression|Get\sAbstract\sQuery|Compile\sQuery|Execute\sQuery|Get\sQuery\sPlan\sComplexity|Async\sTotal|Total)\s-\sduration\(([0-9]*)" | out-null
$matches
Output
输出
Name Value
---- -----
0 Get Client Model - duration(0
1 Get Client Model
2 0
Log Entry Example:
日志条目示例：
Timestamp: 11/9/2009 6:48:41 PM
Message:
Category: QueryService
Priority: 3
EventId: 1001
Severity: Information
Title: SPARQL Query Response
Machine: SPOON16-SERVER
App Domain: KnowledgeBaseHost.exe
ProcessId: 2040
Process Name: D:\QueryService\QSHost.exe
Thread Name:
Win32 ThreadId:8092
Extended Properties:
Key - Workflow_cbbdd58b-e574-4054-88d4-1dd7a56dc9d9
Timeout - 1800
Result Format - WireTable
Result from Registry - False
Compiled Query from Cache - True
Result Count - 28332
Query Plan Complexity - 661622
Get Client Model - duration(0) start(0)
Parse Expression - duration(0) start(0)
Get Abstract Query - duration(0) start(0)
Compile Query - duration(0) start(0)
Get Query Plan - duration(0) start(1)
Execute Query - duration(63695) start(1)
Get Query Plan Complexity - duration(0) start(63696)
Get Executed Operations - duration(0) start(63696)
Total - duration(63696) start(0)
Async Total - duration(63696) start(0)
采纳答案by Keith Hill
You can do this with the Select-String cmdlet in V2 but you need to specify the -AllMatches switch e.g.:
您可以使用 V2 中的 Select-String cmdlet 执行此操作，但您需要指定 -AllMatches 开关，例如：
$formattedMessage | Select-String 'regexpattern' -AllMatches
Keep in mind that with the -matchoperator the primary thing you are doing is looking for "a" match i.e. is the regex pattern matched or not.
请记住，对于-match运算符，您所做的主要事情是寻找“a”匹配，即正则表达式模式是否匹配。
回答by Eric Schoonover
I was able to get all of the groups by defining a Regex and then calling .Matches on that Regex. Still curious to know if this can be done with the -match operator in PowerShell.
我能够通过定义一个正则表达式然后在该正则表达式上调用 .Matches 来获取所有组。仍然很想知道这是否可以使用 PowerShell 中的 -match 运算符来完成。
$detailRegex = [regex]"(Get\sClient\sModel|Parse\sExpression|Get\sAbstract\sQuery|Compile\sQuery|Execute\sQuery|Get\sQuery\sPlan\sComplexity|Async\sTotal|Total)\s-\sduration\(([0-9]*)"
$detailRegex.Matches($formattedMessage)
回答by Jeff Hillman
The -match operator is meant to be used just once; it doesn't do a global match on the input. Keith Hill put a suggestion for a -matchall operator on Microsoft connect here.
-match 操作符只能使用一次；它不会对输入进行全局匹配。基思·希尔 (Keith Hill) 在此处为 Microsoft Connect 上的 -matchall 运营商提出了建议。
I'll suggest another way to do it. If the log entry is in a file, you can use the switch statement to accomplish the same thing:
我会建议另一种方法来做到这一点。如果日志条目在文件中，您可以使用 switch 语句来完成同样的事情：
switch -regex -file .\log.txt { $entryRegex { $matches[1] + ", " + $matches[2] } }
This is the output I get with this statement if $entryRegexhas the regular expression you defined:
如果$entryRegex有你定义的正则表达式，这就是我用这个语句得到的输出：
Get Client Model, 0
Parse Expression, 0
Get Abstract Query, 0
Compile Query, 0
Execute Query, 63695
Get Query Plan Complexity, 0
Total, 63696
Async Total, 63696
回答by genio
http://www.johndcook.com/regex.htmlgives a decent example
http://www.johndcook.com/regex.html给出了一个不错的例子
And, by all means, simplify your expression:
而且，无论如何，简化你的表达：
^([^-]+)\s*-\s*duration\(([0-9]+)
- start at the beginning of the line
- capture all characters leading up to the first -
- make sure there's a -
- skip whitespace
- make sure the word "duration(" exists
- capture all digits after "duration("
- 从行首开始
- 捕获导致第一个的所有字符 -
- 确保有一个 -
- 跳过空格
- 确保单词“duration(”存在
- 捕获“持续时间（”之后的所有数字
回答by Nathan Hartley
You can include Regular Expression Optionsin an expression, but sadly, Global does not appear to be one of the available options.
您可以在表达式中包含正则表达式选项，但遗憾的是，全局似乎不是可用选项之一。
