C++ 中的彩色输出
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Colored output in C++
提问by Shoe
Is there a way to print colored output using iostreamand Xcode? I'd like to be able to, for example, print Hello World!with Hellored, Worldblue and !yellow. How can I do that?
有没有办法使用iostreamXcode打印彩色输出？例如，我希望能够Hello World!使用Hello红色、World蓝色和!黄色进行打印。我怎样才能做到这一点？
回答by shuttle87
You need the terminal color codes. For linux it's the following (your system might be different, look it up):
您需要终端颜色代码。对于 linux，它如下（你的系统可能不同，查一下）：
//the following are UBUNTU/LINUX, and MacOS ONLY terminal color codes.
#define RESET "3[0m"
#define BLACK "3[30m" /* Black */
#define RED "3[31m" /* Red */
#define GREEN "3[32m" /* Green */
#define YELLOW "3[33m" /* Yellow */
#define BLUE "3[34m" /* Blue */
#define MAGENTA "3[35m" /* Magenta */
#define CYAN "3[36m" /* Cyan */
#define WHITE "3[37m" /* White */
#define BOLDBLACK "3[1m3[30m" /* Bold Black */
#define BOLDRED "3[1m3[31m" /* Bold Red */
#define BOLDGREEN "3[1m3[32m" /* Bold Green */
#define BOLDYELLOW "3[1m3[33m" /* Bold Yellow */
#define BOLDBLUE "3[1m3[34m" /* Bold Blue */
#define BOLDMAGENTA "3[1m3[35m" /* Bold Magenta */
#define BOLDCYAN "3[1m3[36m" /* Bold Cyan */
#define BOLDWHITE "3[1m3[37m" /* Bold White */
This allows you to do the following:
这允许您执行以下操作：
std::cout << RED << "hello world" << RESET << std::endl;
Note: If you don't use RESET the color will remain changed until the next time you use a color code.
注意：如果您不使用 RESET，颜色将保持更改，直到您下次使用颜色代码。
回答by user760453
In a more c++ way for an ANSI capable terminal, it is possible to write your own ansi stream manipulators like std::endl but for handling ansi escape code.
对于支持 ANSI 的终端，以一种更 C++ 的方式，可以编写自己的 ansi 流操纵器，如 std::endl，但用于处理 ansi 转义码。
Code for doing so can look like this for basic raw implementation:
对于基本的原始实现，这样做的代码可能如下所示：
namespace ansi {
template < class CharT, class Traits >
constexpr
std::basic_ostream< CharT, Traits > & reset( std::basic_ostream< CharT, Traits > &os )
{
return os << "3[0m";
}
template < class CharT, class Traits >
constexpr
std::basic_ostream< CharT, Traits > & foreground_black( std::basic_ostream< CharT, Traits > &os )
{
return os << "3[30m";
}
template < class CharT, class Traits >
constexpr
std::basic_ostream< CharT, Traits > & foreground_red( std::basic_ostream< CharT, Traits > &os )
{
return os << "3[31m";
}
...
} // ansi
And it can be used in a code like this:
它可以用在这样的代码中：
std::cout << ansi::foreground_red << "in red" << ansi::reset << std::endl;
