Python Selenium Webdriver 在子元素中查找元素
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Selenium Webdriver finding an element in a sub-element
提问by Dominic Larkin
I am trying to search for an element in a sub-element with Selenium (Version 2.28.0), but selenium des not seem to limit its search to the sub-element. Am I doing this wrong or is there a way to use element.find to search a sub-element?
我正在尝试使用 Selenium（版本 2.28.0）搜索子元素中的元素，但 selenium des 似乎并没有将其搜索限制在子元素上。我这样做是错误的还是有办法使用 element.find 来搜索子元素？
For an example I created a simple test webpage with this code:
例如，我使用以下代码创建了一个简单的测试网页：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<div class=div title=div1>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p class='test'>My first paragraph.</p>
</div>
<div class=div title=div2>
<h1>My Second Heading</h1>
<p class='test'>My second paragraph.</p>
</div>
<div class=div title=div3>
<h1>My Third Heading</h1>
<p class='test'>My third paragraph.</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
My python (Version 2.6) code looks like this:
我的 python（2.6 版）代码如下所示：
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
# Open the test page with this instance of Firefox
# element2 gets the second division as a web element
element2 = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@title='div2']")
# Search second division for a paragraph with a class of 'test' and print the content
print element2.find_element_by_xpath("//p[@class='test']").text
# expected output: "My second paragraph."
# actual output: "My first paragraph."
If I run:
如果我运行：
print element2.get_attribute('innerHTML')
It returns the html from the second division. So selenium is not limiting its search to element2.
它从第二个部门返回 html。所以 selenium 并没有将它的搜索限制在 element2 上。
I would like to be able to find a sub-element of element2. This post suggests my code should work Selenium WebDriver access a sub elementbut his problem was caused by a time-out issue.
我希望能够找到 element2 的子元素。这篇文章建议我的代码应该可以工作Selenium WebDriver 访问子元素，但他的问题是由超时问题引起的。
Can anyone help me understand what is happening here?
谁能帮我理解这里发生了什么？
采纳答案by p0deje
When you start your XPath expression with //, it search from root of document ignoring your parent element. You should prepend expression with .
当您使用 开始 XPath 表达式时//，它会从文档的根目录开始搜索，而忽略您的父元素。你应该在表达式前面加上.
element2 = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@title='div2']")
element2.find_element_by_xpath(".//p[@class='test']").text
回答by user3487861
Use the following:
使用以下内容：
element2 = driver.find_element_by_cssselector("css=div[title='div2']")
element2.find_element_by_cssselector("p[@class='test']").text
Please let me know if you have any problems.
如果您有任何问题，请告诉我。
回答by Harvey
This is how you search for element or tag in CSS subclass and I believe that it works for multilevel situation as well:
这就是你在 CSS 子类中搜索元素或标签的方式，我相信它也适用于多级情况：
Sample HTML:
示例 HTML：
<li class="meta-item">
<span class="label">Posted:</span>
<time class="value" datetime="2019-03-22T09:46:24+01:00" pubdate="pubdate">22.03.2019 u 09:46</time>
</li>This is how you would get pubdatetag value for example.
例如，这就是您获取pubdate标签值的方式。
published = driver.find_element_by_css_selector('li>time').get_attribute('datetime')
