Linux Unix - 创建文件夹和文件的路径
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Unix - create path of folders and file
提问by toop
I know you can do mkdirto create a directory and touchto create a file, but is there no way to do both operations in one go?
我知道你可以mkdir创建一个目录并touch创建一个文件，但是没有办法一次性完成这两个操作吗？
i.e. if I want to do the below when the folder otherdoes not exist:
即，如果我想在文件夹other不存在时执行以下操作：
cp /my/long/path/here/thing.txt /my/other/path/here/cpedthing.txt
Error:
错误：
cp: cannot create regular file `/my/other/path/here/cpedthing.txt': No such file or directory
Has anyone come up with a function as a workaround for this?
有没有人想出一个功能来解决这个问题？
采纳答案by evotopid
Use &&to combine two commands in one shell line:
使用&&两个命令在一个外壳线面相结合：
COMMAND1 && COMMAND2
mkdir -p /my/other/path/here/ && touch /my/other/path/here/cpedthing.txt
Note: Previously I recommended usage of ;to separate the two commands but as pointed out by @trysis it's probably better to use &&in most situations because in case COMMAND1fails COMMAND2won't be executed either. (Otherwise this might lead to issues you might not have been expecting.)
注意：以前我建议使用;来分隔这两个命令，但正如@trysis 指出的那样，&&在大多数情况下使用它可能更好，因为万一COMMAND1失败COMMAND2也不会执行。（否则这可能会导致您可能没有预料到的问题。）
回答by J?rg Beyer
you can do it in two steps:
您可以分两步完成：
mkdir -p /my/other/path/here/
touch /my/other/path/here/cpedthing.txt
回答by Javier
#!/bin/sh
for f in "$@"; do mkdir -p "$(dirname "$f")"; done
touch "$@"
回答by Barun Parichha
if [ ! -d /my/other ]
then
mkdir /my/other/path/here
cp /my/long/path/here/thing.txt /my/other/path/here/cpedthing.txt
fi
回答by tediffer3rd
no need for if thenstatements...
you can do it on a single line usign ;
不需要if then声明......你可以在一行上完成;
mkdir -p /my/other/path/here;cp /my/long/path/here/thing.txt /my/other/path/here/cpedthing.txt
-- or on two lines --
-- 或两行 --
mkdir -p /my/other/path/here
cp /my/long/path/here/thing.txt /my/other/path/here/cpedthing.txt
-- the -pprevents error returns if the directory already exists (which is what I came here looking for :))
---p如果目录已经存在，则防止错误返回（这就是我来这里寻找的内容:)）
回答by Jonathon Reinhart
You need to make all of the parent directories first.
您需要先创建所有父目录。
FILE=./base/data/sounds/effects/camera_click.ogg
mkdir -p "$(dirname "$FILE")" && touch "$FILE"
If you want to get creative, you can make a function:
如果你想发挥创意，你可以创建一个函数：
mktouch() {
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
echo "Missing argument";
return 1;
fi
for f in "$@"; do
mkdir -p -- "$(dirname -- "$f")"
touch -- "$f"
done
}
And then use it like any other command:
然后像任何其他命令一样使用它：
mktouch ./base/data/sounds/effects/camera_click.ogg ./some/other/file
回答by Todd Owen
In the special (but not uncommon) case where you are trying to recreate the same directory hierarchy, cp --parentscan be useful.
在您尝试重新创建相同目录层次结构的特殊（但并不少见）情况下，这cp --parents可能很有用。
For example if /my/longcontains the source files, and my/otheralready exists, you can do this:
例如，如果/my/long包含源文件，并且my/other已经存在，你可以这样做：
cd /my/long
cp --parents path/here/thing.txt /my/other
回答by stranger
if you want simple with only 1 param snippet :
如果你想要简单的只有 1 个参数片段：
rm -rf /abs/path/to/file; #prevent cases when old file was a folder
mkdir -p /abs/path/to/file; #make it fist as a dir
rm -rf /abs/path/to/file; #remove the leaf of the dir preserving parents
touch /abs/path/to/file; #create the actual file
回答by Fabian Rios
as I saw and test in a unix forum this solves the problem
正如我在 unix 论坛中看到和测试的那样，这解决了问题
ptouch() {
for p in "$@"; do
_dir="$(dirname -- "$p")"
[ -d "$_dir" ] || mkdir -p -- "$_dir"
touch -- "$p"
done
}
回答by Ivan Dives
Do it with /usr/bin/install:
用 /usr/bin/install 来做：
install -D /my/long/path/here/thing.txt /my/other/path/here/cpedthing.txt
when you don't have a source file:
当您没有源文件时：
install -D <(echo 1) /my/other/path/here/cpedthing.txt
