macos 是否存在按需 Mac OS X 云服务，可与亚马逊的 EC2 按需实例相媲美？
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Do on-demand Mac OS X cloud services exist, comparable to Amazon's EC2 on-demand instances?
提问by Iterator
Amazon's EC2 service offers a variety of Linux and Windows OS choices, but I haven't found a service offering a similar "rent by the hour" service for a remote Mac OS X virtual machine. Does such a service exist? (iCloud looks to be just a data storage service, rather than a service allowing remote login, etc.)
Amazon 的 EC2 服务提供了多种 Linux 和 Windows 操作系统选择，但我还没有找到为远程 Mac OS X 虚拟机提供类似“按小时租用”服务的服务。有这样的服务吗？（iCloud看起来只是一个数据存储服务，而不是一个允许远程登录等的服务）
Such a virtual machine service would be very useful for testing software in a reproducible, "neutral" location.
这种虚拟机服务对于在可重现的“中立”位置测试软件非常有用。
Update 1: Just to be clear, I'm referring to services similar to EC2's on-demand or spot instances, where the machine (or virtual machine) is rented per hour, rather than typical web hosting services that involve a monthly subscription. As @Erik has pointed out, there are several good options for that route. As my searches for queries for OS X hosting with terms like "per hour" or "hourly rates" are turning up very little (basically, just labor fees for hourly repairs), I am inclined to believe that this doesn't exist for some reason. If it did, it seems reasonable that such a firm would advertise for precisely these queries.
更新 1：为了明确起见，我指的是类似于 EC2 的按需或现货实例的服务，其中机器（或虚拟机）按小时租用，而不是涉及每月订阅的典型 Web 托管服务。正如@Erik 所指出的，这条路线有几个不错的选择。由于我使用“每小时”或“每小时费率”等术语搜索 OS X 托管的查询结果很少（基本上，只是每小时维修的人工费），我倾向于相信这对某些人来说不存在原因。如果是这样，这样的公司为这些查询做广告似乎是合理的。
Update 2: I see that this question is getting a lot of views over time. If someone encounters a change in the situation, i.e. that there isa provider of such services, please post and I will accept that answer instead.
更新 2：我发现这个问题随着时间的推移越来越多。如果有人遇到的情况，即有一个变化是这种服务的提供者，请发表，我会接受的答案，而不是。
采纳答案by David
I just came across this tonight. Can't say if they are legit, how long in business, and whether they'll be around long, but seems interesting. I may give them a try, and will post update if I do.
我今晚刚遇到这个。不能说它们是否合法，营业多长时间，以及它们是否会持续很长时间，但似乎很有趣。我可能会尝试一下，如果我这样做，我会发布更新。
Per the website, they say they offer hourly pay-as-you-go and weekly/monthly plans, plus there's a free trial.
根据网站，他们说他们提供按小时付费和每周/每月计划，此外还有免费试用。
Per @Iterator, posting update on my findings for this service, moving out from my comments:
根据@Iterator，发布我对这项服务的发现的更新，从我的评论中移出：
I did the trial/evaluation. The trial can be misleading on how the trial works. You may need to signup to see prices but the trial so far, per the trial software download, doesn't appear to be time limited. It's just feature restricted. You signup to get your own account, but you actually use a generic trial login account to do the trial, not your own account. Your own account is used when you actually pay for the service. The trial limits what you can do, install, save, etc. but good enough to give you an idea of how things work. So it doesn't hurt to signup to evaluate and not pay anything.
我做了试验/评估。审判可能会误导审判的运作方式。您可能需要注册才能查看价格，但到目前为止，根据试用软件下载，试用似乎没有时间限制。只是功能受限。您注册以获得自己的帐户，但实际上您使用的是通用的试用登录帐户来进行试用，而不是您自己的帐户。当您实际支付服务费用时，将使用您自己的帐户。试用版限制了您可以执行、安装、保存等操作，但足以让您了解工作原理。因此，注册评估而不支付任何费用并没有什么坏处。
Persistence of data is offered via saving files to DropBox (pre-installed, you just need login/configure), etc. There is no concept of AMIs, EBS, or some VM image. Their service is actually like a shared website hosting solution, where users timeshare a Mac machine (like timesharing a Unix/Linux server), and I think they limit or periodically purge what you put on the machine, or perhaps rather they don't backup your files, hence use of DropBox to do the backup. One should contact them to clarify this if desired.
通过将文件保存到 DropBox（预安装，您只需要登录/配置）等来提供数据的持久性。没有 AMI、EBS 或某些 VM 映像的概念。他们的服务实际上就像一个共享网站托管解决方案，用户分时共享一台 Mac 机器（比如分时共享 Unix/Linux 服务器），我认为他们限制或定期清除你放在机器上的内容，或者他们可能不备份您的文件，因此使用 DropBox 进行备份。如果需要，应该联系他们以澄清这一点。
They have various pricing options, as you mention the all day pass, monthly plans at $20, and their is a pay as you go plan at $1/hr. I'd probably go with pay as you go based on my usage. The pay as you go is based on prepaid credits (1 credit = 1 hour, billed at 30 credit increments). One caveat is that you need to periodically use the plan at least once every 60 days for the pay as you go plan or else you lose unused credits. So that's like minimum of spending 1 credit /1 hour every 60 days.
他们有各种定价选项，正如您提到的全天通行证、20 美元的月度计划，以及 1 美元/小时的即付即用计划。根据我的使用情况，我可能会随用随付。即用即付基于预付积分（1 个积分 = 1 小时，按 30 个积分增量计费）。一个警告是，您需要至少每 60 天定期使用该计划一次，以进行即付即用计划，否则您将失去未使用的积分。这就像每 60 天至少花费 1 个积分/1 小时一样。
One last comment for now, from my evaluation, you'll need high bandwidth to use the service effectively. It's usable over 1.5 Mbps DSL but kind of slow in response. You'd want to use it from a corporate network with Gbps bandwidth for optimal use. Or at least a higher speed cable/DSL broadband connection. On my last test ~3Mbps seemed sufficient on the low bandwidth profile (they have multiple bandwidth connection profiles, low, medium, high, optimized for some bandwidth ranges). I didn't test on the higher ones. Your mileage may vary.
现在的最后一条评论，根据我的评估，您需要高带宽才能有效地使用该服务。它可以在 1.5 Mbps DSL 上使用，但响应速度有点慢。您可能希望从具有 Gbps 带宽的公司网络中使用它以实现最佳使用。或者至少是更高速的电缆/DSL 宽带连接。在我的上次测试中，在低带宽配置文件上~3Mbps 似乎足够了（它们有多个带宽连接配置文件，低、中、高，针对某些带宽范围进行了优化）。我没有测试更高的。你的旅费可能会改变。
回答by Taytay
List last updated on Apr 24, 2020:
列表最后更新于 2020 年 4 月 24 日：
We used and liked:
我们使用并喜欢：
Here are some other sites that I am aware of. (Note: I only personally have used MacStadium.com)
以下是我所知道的其他一些网站。（注：我个人只使用过 MacStadium.com）
- https://flow.swiss/
- https://hostmyapple.com/
- https://macincloud.com/
- https://macminivault.com/
- https://macweb.com/
- https://virtualmacosx.com/
- https://xcloud.me/
- https://zeromac.com/
http://www.cloud4mac.com/404 as of July, 2014https://www.macminicloud.net/(Redirects to macweb.com)https://xcloud.me/(Redirects to flow.swiss)
- https://flow.swiss/
- https://hostmyapple.com/
- https://macincloud.com/
- https://macminivault.com/
- https://macweb.com/
- https://virtualmacosx.com/
- https://xcloud.me/
- https://zeromac.com/
http://www.cloud4mac.com/404 截至 2014 年 7 月https://www.macminicloud.net/（重定向到 macweb.com）https://xcloud.me/（重定向到 flow.swiss）
UPDATE (Oct 15th, 2012): We ended up going with Host My Apple: - http://www.hostmyapple.com/
更新（2012 年 10 月 15 日）：我们最终选择了 Host My Apple： - http://www.hostmyapple.com/
We've been with them a few months now. Using it as our continuous integration server (using TeamCity), and haven't had any issues.
我们已经和他们在一起几个月了。使用它作为我们的持续集成服务器（使用 TeamCity），并且没有任何问题。
UPDATE #2 (Dec 17th, 2013): We've migrated to MacStadium.com now. HostMyApple was fine, but MacStadium appears to offer faster machines for less money.
更新 #2（2013 年 12 月 17 日）：我们现在已迁移到 MacStadium.com。HostMyApple 很好，但 MacStadium 似乎以更少的钱提供更快的机器。
UPDATE #3 (Oct 10th, 2017): We are still with MacStadium.com, and lovethem. In the past few years, we've had great connectivity/uptime. When I've needed hands-on support to plug in a Time Machine backup, they've been great. They recently performed a seamless upgrade to better hardware for us over the weekend (when we could afford a bit of downtime), and that went off without a hitch. Highly recommended. (Not affiliated - just happy).
更新 #3（2017 年 10 月 10 日）：我们仍然在 MacStadium.com，并且爱他们。在过去几年中，我们的连接性/正常运行时间非常好。当我需要动手支持来插入 Time Machine 备份时，他们已经很棒了。他们最近在周末为我们无缝升级到更好的硬件（当时我们可以承受一些停机时间），并且顺利进行。强烈推荐。（不附属 - 只是快乐）。
UPDATE #4 (Apr 24th, 2020): We recently stopped using MacStadium, but it was just because we no longer needed a Mac server. If I need another Mac host, I would be happy to go back to them. I reformatted the list above and added to it.
更新 #4（2020 年 4 月 24 日）：我们最近停止使用 MacStadium，但这只是因为我们不再需要 Mac 服务器。如果我需要另一台 Mac 主机，我很乐意回到他们那里。我重新格式化了上面的列表并添加到其中。
回答by Erik
Amazon EC2 cannot offer Mac OS X EC2 instances due to Apple's tight licensing to only allow it to legally run on Apple hardware and the current EC2 infrastructure relies upon virtualized hardware.
Amazon EC2 不能提供 Mac OS X EC2 实例，因为 Apple 严格的许可只允许它在 Apple 硬件上合法运行，并且当前的 EC2 基础设施依赖于虚拟化硬件。
Apple Mac image on Amazon EC2?
Can you run OS X on an Amazon EC2 instance?
There are other companies that do provide Mac OS X hosting, presumably on Apple hardware. One example is Go Daddy:
还有其他公司确实提供 Mac OS X 托管，大概是在 Apple 硬件上。一个例子是Go Daddy：
Go Daddy Product Catalog(see Mac? Powered Cloud Serversunder Web Hosting)
Go Daddy 产品目录（参见Mac？Web Hosting 下的Powered Cloud Servers）
To find more, search for "Mac OS X hosting" and you'll find more options.
要查找更多信息，请搜索“ Mac OS X 主机”，您将找到更多选项。
回答by Iterator
Here are some methods that may help others, though they aren't really services as much as they may be described as "methods that may, after some torture of effort or logic, lead to a claim of on-demand access to Mac OS X" (no doubt I should patent that phrase).
以下是一些可能对其他人有所帮助的方法，尽管它们并不是真正意义上的服务，它们可能被描述为“经过一些努力或逻辑的折磨后，可能会导致要求按需访问 Mac OS X 的方法"（毫无疑问，我应该为这句话申请专利）。
Fundamentally, I am inclined to believe that on-demand (per-hour) hosting does not exist, and @Erik has given information for the shortest feasible services, i.e. monthly hosting.
从根本上说，我倾向于相信按需（每小时）托管不存在，@Erik 提供了最短可行服务的信息，即每月托管。
It seems that one may use EC2 itself, but install OS X on the instance through a lot of elbow grease.
似乎可以使用EC2本身，但通过大量肘部油脂在实例上安装OS X。
- This articleon Lifehacker.com gives instructions for setting up OSX under Virtual Box and depends on hardware virtualization. It seems that the Cluster Compute instances (and Cluster GPU, but ignore these) are the only ones supporting hardware virtualization.
- This articlegives instructions for transferring a VirtualBox image to EC2.
- Lifehacker.com 上的这篇文章提供了在 Virtual Box 下设置 OSX 的说明，并且依赖于硬件虚拟化。似乎集群计算实例（和集群 GPU，但忽略这些）是唯一支持硬件虚拟化的实例。
- 本文提供了将 VirtualBox 映像传输到 EC2 的说明。
Where this gets tricky is I'm not sure if this will work for a cluster compute instance. In fact, I think this is likely to be a royal pain. A similar approach may work for Rackspace or other cloud services.
这变得棘手的地方是我不确定这是否适用于集群计算实例。事实上，我认为这很可能是一种皇室之痛。类似的方法可能适用于 Rackspace 或其他云服务。
I found only this siteclaiming on-demand Mac hosting, with a Mac Mini. It doesn't look particularly accurate: it offers free on-demand access to a Mini if one pays for a month of bandwidth. That's like free bandwidth if one rents a Mini for a month. That's not really how "on-demand" works.
我发现只有这个网站声称使用 Mac Mini 按需托管 Mac。它看起来不是特别准确：如果支付一个月的带宽，它可以免费按需访问 Mini。如果租用 Mini 一个月，这就像免费带宽。这并不是“按需”的真正运作方式。
Update 1: In the end, it seems that nobody offers a comparable service. An outfit called Media Temple claimsthey will offer the first virtual servers using Parallels, OS X Leopard, and some other stuff (in other words, I wonder if there is some caveat that makes them unique, but, without that caveat, someone else may have a usable offering).
更新 1：最后，似乎没有人提供类似的服务。一家名为 Media Temple 的机构声称他们将提供第一批使用 Parallels、OS X Leopard 和其他一些东西的虚拟服务器（换句话说，我想知道是否有一些警告使它们独一无二，但是，如果没有这些警告，其他人可能有可用的产品）。
After this search, I think that a counterpart to EC2 does not existfor the OS X operating system. It is extraordinarily unlikely that one would exist, offer a scalable solution, and yet be very difficult to find. One could set it up internally, but there's no reseller/vendor offering on-demand, hourly virtual servers. This may be disappointing, but not surprising - apparently iCloud is running on Amazon and Microsoft systems.
经过这次搜索，我认为OS X 操作系统不存在EC2 的对应物。极不可能提供一种可扩展的解决方案，但又很难找到。可以在内部进行设置，但没有经销商/供应商提供按需、每小时运行的虚拟服务器。这可能令人失望，但并不奇怪——显然iCloud 正在亚马逊和微软系统上运行。
回答by Deans Door
I have tried www.wheresmymac.com they are cheap and they have great bandwith so their is low latency. You need teamviewer to log into the virtual system though
我已经尝试过 www.wheresmymac.com，它们很便宜，而且带宽很大，因此延迟很低。你需要teamviewer登录虚拟系统
