Python 获取 Checkbutton 状态
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Getting Checkbutton state
提问by rectangletangle
How do I get the 'state'of a Tkinter Checkbutton? By 'state'I mean get whether or not it has a check mark in it or not.
我如何获得'state'a 的Tkinter Checkbutton？通过'state'我的意思是得到它是否有一个复选标记与否。
采纳答案by aaronasterling
When you're creating it, it takes a variablekeyword argument. Pass it an IntVarfrom Tkinter. Checking or unchecking the box will set that value contained by varto the corresponding boolean state. This can be accessed as var.get():
创建它时，它需要一个variable关键字参数。它传递的IntVar距离Tkinter。选中或取消选中该框会将包含的值设置var为相应的布尔状态。这可以访问为var.get()：
checked => var.get()
检查 => var.get()
not checked => not var.get()
没有检查=> not var.get()
>>> root = Tkinter.Tk()
>>> var = Tkinter.IntVar()
>>> chk = Tkinter.Checkbutton(root, text='foo', variable=var)
>>> chk.pack(side=Tkinter.LEFT)
>>> var.get() #unchecked
0
>>> var.get() #checked
1
回答by bitsmack
If you use the new*ttk module from tkinter, you can read and write checkbutton states without assigning variables.
如果您使用tkinter的新*ttk 模块，您可以在不分配变量的情况下读取和写入检查按钮状态。
import tkinter
from tkinter import ttk
tkwindow = tkinter.Tk()
chk = ttk.Checkbutton(tkwindow, text="foo")
chk.grid(column=0, row=0)
Notice that the new checkbox defaults to the "alternate", sometimes called "half-checked", state:
请注意，新复选框默认为“alternate”，有时称为“half-checked”，状态：
You can read the current state usinge the .state() method:
您可以使用 .state() 方法读取当前状态：
>>> print(chk.state()) # half-checked
('alternate',)
>>> print(chk.state()) # checked
('selected',)
>>> print(chk.state()) # not checked
()
To set the state in code:
在代码中设置状态：
chk.state(['selected']) # check the checkbox
chk.state(['!selected']) # clear the checkbox
chk.state(['disabled']) # disable the checkbox
chk.state(['!disabled','selected']) # enable the checkbox and put a check in it!
And here is a convenient way to check for a specific state:
这是检查特定状态的便捷方法：
chk.instate(['selected']) # returns True if the box is checked
There are two tricky things I've found:
我发现了两件棘手的事情：
The initial state is "alternate", and this state flag doesn't get cleared when adding a "selected" state flag. So, if you want to toggle your checkbutton in code, you'll first need to clear the "alternate" flag:
chk.state(['!alternate'])If you disable/enable the checkbutton using
chk.state(['disabled']) chk.state(['!disabled'])then everything works fine. But, if you use these common, alternate methods:
chk.config(state=tk.DISABLED) chk.config(state=tk.NORMAL)then it reasserts the 'alternate' flag.
This behavior doesn't happen if you assign a variable to the checkbutton, but then, if you wanted to assign a variable then this answer probably won't help you :)
初始状态是“alternate”，当添加“selected”状态标志时，这个状态标志不会被清除。所以，如果你想在代码中切换你的复选按钮，你首先需要清除“alternate”标志：
chk.state(['!alternate'])如果您禁用/启用复选按钮使用
chk.state(['disabled']) chk.state(['!disabled'])然后一切正常。但是，如果您使用这些常见的替代方法：
chk.config(state=tk.DISABLED) chk.config(state=tk.NORMAL)然后它重新声明“替代”标志。
如果您为复选按钮分配一个变量，则不会发生这种行为，但是，如果您想分配一个变量，那么这个答案可能对您没有帮助:)
* ttk became available in Python 2.7 (Tk 8.5). This questiontalks about the differences between the old standard widgets and the newer, "themed" ones.
* ttk 在 Python 2.7 (Tk 8.5) 中可用。这个问题讨论了旧标准小部件和较新的“主题”小部件之间的差异。
