使用 Python 请求发送 SOAP 请求
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Sending SOAP request using Python Requests
提问by Deepankar Bajpeyi
采纳答案by toast38coza
It is indeed possible.
确实有可能。
Here is an example calling the Weather SOAP Service using plain requests lib:
下面是一个使用普通请求库调用 Weather SOAP 服务的示例：
import requests
url="http://wsf.cdyne.com/WeatherWS/Weather.asmx?WSDL"
#headers = {'content-type': 'application/soap+xml'}
headers = {'content-type': 'text/xml'}
body = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:ns0="http://ws.cdyne.com/WeatherWS/" xmlns:ns1="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<SOAP-ENV:Header/>
<ns1:Body><ns0:GetWeatherInformation/></ns1:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>"""
response = requests.post(url,data=body,headers=headers)
print response.content
Some notes:
一些注意事项：
- The headers are important. Most SOAP requests will not work without the correct headers.
application/soap+xmlis probably the more correctheader to use (but the weatherservice preferstext/xml - This will return the response as a string of xml - you would then need to parse that xml.
- For simplicity I have included the request as plain text. But best practise would be to store this as a template, then you can load it using jinja2 (for example) - and also pass in variables.
- 标题很重要。如果没有正确的标头，大多数 SOAP 请求将无法工作。
application/soap+xml可能是更正确的标题使用（但天气服务更喜欢text/xml - 这会将响应作为 xml 字符串返回 - 然后您需要解析该 xml。
- 为简单起见，我将请求包含为纯文本。但最佳实践是将其存储为模板，然后您可以使用 jinja2（例如）加载它 - 并传入变量。
For example:
例如：
from jinja2 import Environment, PackageLoader
env = Environment(loader=PackageLoader('myapp', 'templates'))
template = env.get_template('soaprequests/WeatherSericeRequest.xml')
body = template.render()
Some people have mentioned the suds library. Suds is probably the more correctway to be interacting with SOAP, but I often find that it panics a little when you have WDSLs that are badly formed (which, TBH, is more likely than not when you're dealing with an institution that still uses SOAP ;) ).
有些人提到了 suds 库。Suds 可能是与 SOAP 交互的更正确的方式，但我经常发现，当您的 WDSL 格式不正确时，它会有点恐慌（TBH，当您与一个仍然存在使用 SOAP ;) )。
You can do the above with suds like so:
你可以像这样用肥皂水做上面的事情：
from suds.client import Client
url="http://wsf.cdyne.com/WeatherWS/Weather.asmx?WSDL"
client = Client(url)
print client ## shows the details of this service
result = client.service.GetWeatherInformation()
print result
Note:when using suds, you will almost always end up needing to use the doctor!
注意：使用肥皂水时，您几乎总是需要使用医生！
Finally, a little bonus for debugging SOAP; TCPdump is your friend. On Mac, you can run TCPdump like so:
最后，调试 SOAP 的一点好处；TCPdump 是您的朋友。在 Mac 上，你可以像这样运行 TCPdump：
sudo tcpdump -As 0
This can be helpful for inspecting the requests that actually go over the wire.
这有助于检查实际通过线路的请求。
The above two code snippets are also available as gists:
以上两个代码片段也可作为要点提供：
