C# 如何使用asp.net创建和下载excel文档
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how to create and download excel document using asp.net
提问by belaz
How to create and download excel document using asp.net ?
如何使用asp.net创建和下载excel文档？
The purpose is to use xml, linq or whatever to send an excel document to a customer via a browser.
目的是使用 xml、linq 或其他任何方式通过浏览器向客户发送 excel 文档。
Edit : Use case
编辑：用例
The customer load a gridview ( made with ajax framework ) in a browser, the gridview is directly linked to an sql database. I put a button 'export to excel' to let customer save this gridview data on his computer ansd i would like to launch a clean download of an excel.
客户在浏览器中加载一个 gridview（用 ajax 框架制作），gridview 直接链接到一个 sql 数据库。我放了一个“导出到 excel”按钮，让客户将此 gridview 数据保存在他的计算机上，我想启动一个干净的 excel 下载。
The solutions proposed here are not clean, like send an html document and change the header to excel document etc, i'm searching a simple solution on codeplex right now, i will let you know.
这里提出的解决方案并不干净，比如发送一个html文档并将标题更改为excel文档等，我现在正在codeplex上搜索一个简单的解决方案，我会告诉你的。
采纳答案by belaz
Starter kit
入门套件
First i have downloaded the Open XML Format SDK 2.0.
首先，我下载了Open XML Format SDK 2.0。
It comes with 3 useful tools in :
它带有 3 个有用的工具：
C:\Program Files\Open XML Format SDK\V2.0\tools
C:\Program Files\Open XML Format SDK\V2.0\tools
DocumentReflector.exewich auto generate the c# to build a spreadsheet from the code.OpenXmlClassesExplorer.exedisplay Ecma specification and the class documentation (using an MSDN style format).OpenXmlDiff.exegraphically compare two Open XML files and search for errors.
DocumentReflector.exe至极自动生成 C# 以从代码构建电子表格。OpenXmlClassesExplorer.exe显示 Ecma 规范和类文档（使用 MSDN 样式格式）。OpenXmlDiff.exe以图形方式比较两个 Open XML 文件并搜索错误。
I suggest anyone who begin to rename.xlsxto.zip, so you can see the XML files who drive our spreadsheet ( for the example our sheets are in "xl\worksheets" ).
我建议任何开始将.xlsx重命名为.zip，因此您可以查看驱动我们电子表格的 XML 文件（例如，我们的工作表位于 "xl\worksheets" 中）。
The code
编码
Disclaimer: I have stolen all the code from an MSDN technical article;D
免责声明：我从MSDN 技术文章中窃取了所有代码；D
The following code use an *.xlsx template i made manually to be able to modify it.
以下代码使用我手动制作的 *.xlsx 模板，以便能够对其进行修改。
Namespaces references
命名空间引用
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml;
// Database object
DataClassesDataContext db = new DataClassesDataContext();
// Make a copy of the template file.
File.Copy(@"C:\inetpub\wwwroot\project.Web\Clients\Handlers\oxml-tpl\livreurs.xlsx", @"C:\inetpub\wwwroot\project.Web\Clients\Handlers\oxml-tpl\generated.xlsx", true);
// Open the copied template workbook.
using (SpreadsheetDocument myWorkbook = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(@"C:\inetpub\wwwroot\project.Web\Clients\Handlers\oxml-tpl\generated.xlsx", true))
{
// Access the main Workbook part, which contains all references.
WorkbookPart workbookPart = myWorkbook.WorkbookPart;
// Get the first worksheet.
WorksheetPart worksheetPart = workbookPart.WorksheetParts.ElementAt(2);
// The SheetData object will contain all the data.
SheetData sheetData = worksheetPart.Worksheet.GetFirstChild<SheetData>();
// Begining Row pointer
int index = 2;
// Database results
var query = from t in db.Clients select t;
// For each item in the database, add a Row to SheetData.
foreach (var item in query)
{
// Cell related variable
string Nom = item.Nom;
// New Row
Row row = new Row();
row.RowIndex = (UInt32)index;
// New Cell
Cell cell = new Cell();
cell.DataType = CellValues.InlineString;
// Column A1, 2, 3 ... and so on
cell.CellReference = "A"+index;
// Create Text object
Text t = new Text();
t.Text = Nom;
// Append Text to InlineString object
InlineString inlineString = new InlineString();
inlineString.AppendChild(t);
// Append InlineString to Cell
cell.AppendChild(inlineString);
// Append Cell to Row
row.AppendChild(cell);
// Append Row to SheetData
sheetData.AppendChild(row);
// increase row pointer
index++;
}
// save
worksheetPart.Worksheet.Save();
}
I havent finished yet, my second job is to auto download the spreadsheet after modification.
我还没有完成，我的第二个工作是修改后自动下载电子表格。
Finally, i redirect the user to my generated spredsheet (from my aspx)
最后，我将用户重定向到我生成的电子表格（来自我的 aspx）
context.Response.Redirect("Oxml-tpl/generated.xlsx");
回答by Binoj Antony
just set Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel" and your page will rendered as an excel sheet on the clients browser
只需设置 Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"，您的页面将在客户端浏览器上呈现为 Excel 表格
回答by Gregory A Beamer
There are quite a few ways of handling this, depending on how extensive the Excel functionality is. Binoj's answer works if the Excel is just a spreadsheet and has no direct Excel functionality built in. The client can add functionality, concats, etc. These are "dumb" excel docs until the client does soemthing.
有很多方法可以处理此问题，具体取决于 Excel 功能的广泛程度。如果 Excel 只是一个电子表格并且没有内置的直接 Excel 功能，Binoj 的答案就有效。客户端可以添加功能、连接等。这些是“愚蠢的”excel 文档，直到客户端执行某些操作。
To create a more full featured Excel doc, you havve two basic choices that I can think of offhand.
要创建功能更全面的 Excel 文档，您有两个我能想到的基本选择。
Use either the office components (re: bad) to create an excel document, or a third party component, like SoftArtisan's ExcelWriter. Great component, but there is a cost.
Use a control on the page that allows export to Excel. Most vendors of ASSP.NET controls have this functionality on their grids.
使用 office 组件（re: bad）创建 Excel 文档，或使用第三方组件，如 SoftArtisan 的 ExcelWriter。伟大的组件，但有成本。
在页面上使用允许导出到 Excel 的控件。大多数 ASSP.NET 控件供应商在他们的网格上都有这个功能。
Option #1 allows you pretty much all functionality of Excel. Option #2 is a bit more limited, at least in the controls I have tried.
选项 #1 允许您使用 Excel 的几乎所有功能。选项#2 有一点限制，至少在我尝试过的控件中是这样。
回答by salgo60
Good article on how top export to excel from Erika Ehrli http://blogs.msdn.com/erikaehrli/archive/2009/01/30/how-to-export-data-to-excel-from-an-asp-net-application-avoid-the-file-format-differ-prompt.aspx
关于如何从 Erika Ehrli 导出到 excel 的好文章 http://blogs.msdn.com/erikaehrli/archive/2009/01/30/how-to-export-data-to-excel-from-an-asp-net -application-avoid-the-file-format-differ-prompt.aspx
