java JAXB 错误的解释：无效的 1 字节 UTF-8 序列的字节 1
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Explanation of JAXB error: Invalid byte 1 of 1-byte UTF-8 sequence
提问by Marcus Leon
We're parsing an XML document using JAXB and get this error:
我们正在使用 JAXB 解析 XML 文档并收到此错误：
[org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: Invalid byte 1 of 1-byte UTF-8 sequence.]
at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.createUnmarshalException(AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.java:315)
What exactly does this mean and how can we resolve this??
这究竟是什么意思，我们如何解决这个问题？
We are executing the code as:
我们执行的代码如下：
jaxbContext = JAXBContext.newInstance(Results.class);
Unmarshaller unmarshaller = jaxbContext.createUnmarshaller();
unmarshaller.setSchema(getSchema());
results = (Results) unmarshaller.unmarshal(new FileInputStream(inputFile));
Update
更新
Issue appears to be due to this "funny" character in the XML file: ?
问题似乎是由于 XML 文件中的这个“有趣”字符造成的： ?
Why would this cause such a problem??
为什么会出现这样的问题？？
Update 2
更新 2
There are two of those weird characters in the file. They are around the middle of the file. Note that the file is created based on data in a database and those weird characters somehow got into the database.
文件中有两个奇怪的字符。它们位于文件的中间。请注意，该文件是基于数据库中的数据创建的，而那些奇怪的字符以某种方式进入了数据库。
Update 3
更新 3
Here is the full XML snippet:
这是完整的 XML 片段：
<Description><![CDATA[Mt. Belvieu ? Texas]]></Description>
Update 4
更新 4
Note that there is no <?xml ...?>header.
请注意，没有<?xml ...?>标题。
The HEX for the special character is BF
特殊字符的十六进制是 BF
采纳答案by axtavt
So, you problem is that JAXB treats XML files without <?xml ...?>header as UTF-8, when your file uses some other encoding (probably ISO-8859-1 or Windows-1252, if 0xBFcharacter actually intended to mean ?).
因此，您的问题是<?xml ...?>，当您的文件使用其他一些编码（可能是 ISO-8859-1 或 Windows-1252，如果0xBF字符实际上意味着?）时，JAXB 将没有标头的XML 文件视为 UTF-8 。
If you can change the producer of the file, you may add <?xml ...?>header with actual encoding specification, or just use UTF-8 to write a file.
如果您可以更改文件的生产者，您可以添加<?xml ...?>具有实际编码规范的标头，或者仅使用UTF-8来编写文件。
If you can't change the producer, you have to use InputStreamReaderwith explicit encoding specification, because (unfortunately) JAXB don't allow to change its default encoding:
如果您不能更改生产者，则必须使用InputStreamReader显式编码规范，因为（不幸的是）JAXB 不允许更改其默认编码：
results = (Results) unmarshaller.unmarshal(
new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(inputFile), "ISO-8859-1"));
However, this solution is fragile - it fails on input files with <?xml ...?>header with different encoding specification.
然而，这个解决方案是脆弱的——它在<?xml ...?>具有不同编码规范的标头的输入文件上失败。
回答by skaffman
That's probably a Byte Order Mark (BOM), and is a special byte sequence at the start of a UTF file. They are, frankly, a pain in the arse, and seem particularly common when interacting with .net systems.
这可能是Byte Order Mark (BOM)，并且是 UTF 文件开头的特殊字节序列。坦率地说，它们令人讨厌，并且在与 .net 系统交互时似乎特别常见。
Try rephrasing your code to use a Readerrather than an InputStream:
尝试改写您的代码以使用 aReader而不是 an InputStream：
results = (Results) unmarshaller.unmarshal(new FileReader(inputFile));
A Readeris UTF-aware, and might make a better stab at it. More simply, pass the Filedirectly to the Unmarshaller, and let the JAXBContextworry about it:
AReader是 UTF-aware，并且可能会更好地尝试它。更简单的，将File直接传递给Unmarshaller，让其JAXBContext担心：
results = (Results) unmarshaller.unmarshal(inputFile);
回答by Andy
It sounds as if your XML is encoded with UTF-16 but that encoding is not getting passed to the Unmarshaller. With the Marshaller you can set that using marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_ENCODING, "UTF-16");but because the Unmarshaller is not required to support any properties, I am not sure how to enforce that other than ensuring your XML document has encoding="UTF-16"in the initial <?xml?>element.
听起来好像您的 XML 是用 UTF-16 编码的，但该编码没有传递给 Unmarshaller。使用 Marshaller，您可以设置它，marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_ENCODING, "UTF-16");但是因为 Unmarshaller 不需要支持任何属性，所以除了确保您的 XML 文档encoding="UTF-16"在初始<?xml?>元素中之外，我不知道如何强制执行。
