使用（CLI GUI）对话框提示用户输入的 Bash shell 脚本
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Bash shell script to prompt user for input with a (CLI GUI) dialog box
提问by Mike
Hi and first of all thanks to all those that give helpful answers/pointers!!
嗨，首先感谢所有提供有用答案/指点的人！！
I'm writing a Bash script that at times may need to ask the user for input. I'm looking for a tool to present a input box (think GUI pop up message box) at runlevel 3 (no X Windows) that provides a selection list and option for manual input. It should provide a radio button next to each option.
我正在编写一个有时可能需要询问用户输入的 Bash 脚本。我正在寻找一种工具来在运行级别 3（无 X Windows）上显示输入框（认为 GUI 弹出消息框），该工具提供选择列表和手动输入选项。它应该在每个选项旁边提供一个单选按钮。
For example if it were asking the user for a name it would present a list like this
例如，如果它要求用户输入一个名字，它会显示一个这样的列表
(*) Johnny
(*) 约翰尼
( ) Ben
( ) 本
( ) Hillary.
( ) 希拉里。
( ) <manual input>
( ) <manual input>
Where the <manual input>line would be a text box to allow the user to enter free text.
The output should be to standard out and should be the name e.g. "Hillary".
该<manual input>行将是一个文本框，允许用户输入自由文本。输出应该是标准输出并且应该是名称，例如“Hillary”。
In summary the requirements are:
概括起来要求是：
1) It should pop up and be a bright color to grab the user's attention. Flat text is not suitable
1）它应该弹出并且是一个明亮的颜色来吸引用户的注意力。纯文字不适合
2) Preferably allow selection using the cursor or a mouse
2) 最好允许使用光标或鼠标进行选择
3) Provide a radio button selection list
3) 提供单选按钮选择列表
4) Also allow for free text input
4) 还允许自由文本输入
5) Write the selection to standard out
5) 将选择写入标准输出
6) I don't want to wipe the status/log messages already on the screen
6) 我不想擦除屏幕上已有的状态/日志消息
Bash's read command is not "flashy" enough, it doesn't grab the user's attention.
Bash 的 read 命令不够“浮华”，它没有抓住用户的注意力。
The tool dialogwipes the text already on the screen as it re-draws the whole screen and does not allow for both a selection list and a free text input box in one screen.
工具对话框在重新绘制整个屏幕时会擦除屏幕上已有的文本，并且不允许在一个屏幕中同时包含选择列表和自由文本输入框。
Thanks again
再次感谢
MC
MC
回答by Vincent Stans
as sugested above dialog commands would work
如上所示，对话命令可以工作
Create a dialog with --keep-tite to keep your screen after input and using --checklist makes it posible to have radio select box. Place all the answers into a array and have a while loop echo each array item.
使用 --keep-tite 创建一个对话框以在输入后保留您的屏幕，并使用 --checklist 可以有单选框。将所有答案放入一个数组中，并让一个 while 循环回显每个数组项。
${#arrayName[@]} --> number of items in array or number of selection ${arrayName[@]} --> outputs all array items
${#arrayName[@]} --> 数组中的项数或选择数 ${arrayName[@]} --> 输出所有数组项
#!/bin/bash
result() {
i=0
echo there are ${#arrayName[@]} options selected
while (( i < ${#arrayName[@]} ))
do
echo $i ${arrayName[$i]}
i=$(( $i + 1 ))
done
}
cmd=(dialog --separate-output --keep-tite --checklist "Select options:" 22 76 4)
options=(1 "Johnny" off
2 "Ben" off
3 "Hillary" off
4 "User Input" off
)
choice=$("${cmd[@]}" "${options[@]}" 2>&1 > /dev/tty )
for answer in $choice
do
# make decsion
case $answer in
1)
arrayNum=${#arrayName[@]} # arrayNum is the amount of items in arrayName
arrayName[$arrayNum]="Johnny" # if selected put Johnny in arrayName
;;
2)
arrayNum=${#arrayName[@]} # If johnny is selected ${#arrayName[@]} outputs 1 if not selected 0
arrayName[$arrayNum]="Ben" # If selected add to array
;;
3)
arrayNum=${#arrayName[@]}
arrayName[$arrayNum]="Hillary"
;;
4) # If User Input is selected create an new dialog inputbox
user_input=$(\
dialog --keep-tite --title "Enter Your Name" \
--inputbox "Enter name:" 8 40 \
3>&1 1>&2 2>&3 3>&- \
)
arrayNum=${#arrayName[@]}
arrayName[$arrayNum]="$user_input"
;;
esac
done
result
回答by Noufal Ibrahim
I can think of 3 ways. YMMV
我能想到3种方法。青年会
- Use Zenity(probably disqualified since you don't have X).
- Use dialog- As for the thing on the screen disappearing, structure your script to use dialog completely and present even the informational text inside the widgets. It also has a --stdout option to direct it's output to the standard output so that it persists. Whiptail is a dialog replacement which I believe is lighter.
- Use tputand manually move the cursor, draw colours etc. to make your dialogue box stand out. This is tedious and error prone.
- 使用Zenity（可能被取消资格，因为您没有 X）。
- 使用对话框- 至于屏幕上消失的东西，构建您的脚本以完全使用对话框，甚至在小部件内显示信息文本。它还有一个 --stdout 选项来将它的输出定向到标准输出，以便它持续存在。Whiptail 是一个对话替代品，我认为它更轻。
- 使用tput并手动移动光标、绘制颜色等，使您的对话框脱颖而出。这是乏味且容易出错的。
I don't like bright colours and things especially for normal selections. I'd much prefer a subdued read. However, if you want to do this, I'd recommend the second approach. Your application should either use a widget toolkit or not use it. Don't try to make it do both. It's not worth the trouble.
我不喜欢明亮的颜色和东西，尤其是对于普通选择。我更喜欢柔和的read. 但是，如果您想这样做，我建议您使用第二种方法。您的应用程序要么使用小部件工具包，要么不使用它。不要试图让它两者兼而有之。这不值得麻烦。
