bash grep 匹配精确的子字符串忽略正则表达式语法

grep match exact substring ignoring regex syntax

提问by johv

Is there some way to make grep match an exactstring, and not parse it as a regex? Or is there some tool to escape a string properly for grep?

有没有办法让 grep 匹配一个精确的字符串，而不是将它解析为正则表达式？或者是否有一些工具可以为grep正确转义字符串？

$ version=10.4
$ echo "10.4" | grep $version
10.4
$ echo "1034" | grep $version # shouldn't match
1034

回答by johv

Use grep -F or fgrep.

使用 grep -F 或 fgrep。

$ echo "1034" | grep -F $version # shouldn't match
$ echo "10.4" | grep -F $version
10.4

See man page:

请参阅手册页：

   -F, --fixed-strings
         Interpret PATTERN as a list of fixed strings, separated
         by newlines, any of which is to be matched.

   -F, --fixed-strings
         Interpret PATTERN as a list of fixed strings, separated
         by newlines, any of which is to be matched.

I was looking for the term "literal match" or "fixed string".

我正在寻找术语“文字匹配”或“固定字符串”。

_{(See also Using grep with a complex stringand How can grep interpret literally a string that contains an asterisk and is fed to grep through a variable?)}

_{（另请参阅将 grep 与复杂字符串一起使用以及grep 如何逐字解释包含星号并通过变量馈送到 grep 的字符串？）}