Python 导入txt文件并将每一行作为一个列表
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Import txt file and having each line as a list
提问by John
I'm a new Python user.
我是一个新的 Python 用户。
I have a txt file that will be something like:
我有一个 txt 文件，类似于：
3,1,3,2,3
3,2,2,3,2
2,1,3,3,2,2
1,2,2,3,3,1
3,2,1,2,2,3
but may be less or more lines.
但可能更少或更多行。
I want to import each line as a list.
我想将每一行作为列表导入。
I know you can do it as such:
我知道你可以这样做：
filename = 'MyFile.txt'
fin=open(filename,'r')
L1list = fin.readline()
L2list = fin.readline()
L3list = fin.readline()
but since I don't know how many lines I will have, is there another way to create individual lists?
但由于我不知道我将有多少行，是否有另一种方法来创建单独的列表？
回答by Martijn Pieters
Do not create separate lists; create a list of lists:
不要创建单独的列表；创建列表列表：
results = []
with open('inputfile.txt') as inputfile:
for line in inputfile:
results.append(line.strip().split(','))
or better still, use the csvmodule:
或者更好的是，使用csv模块：
import csv
results = []
with open('inputfile.txt', newline='') as inputfile:
for row in csv.reader(inputfile):
results.append(row)
Lists or dictionaries are farsuperiour structures to keep track of an arbitrary number of things read from a file.
列表或字典是远远superiour结构，以保持任意数量的轨道的东西从文件中读取。
Note that either loop also lets you address the rows of data individually without having to read all the contents of the file into memory either; instead of using results.append()just process that line right there.
请注意，任一循环还允许您单独寻址数据行，而不必将文件的所有内容读入内存；而不是使用results.append()就在那里处理那条线。
Just for completeness sake, here's the one-liner compact version to read in a CSV file into a list in one go:
为了完整起见，这里有一个单行紧凑版本，可一次性将 CSV 文件读入列表：
import csv
with open('inputfile.txt', newline='') as inputfile:
results = list(csv.reader(inputfile))
回答by Martijn Pieters
Create a list of lists:
创建列表列表：
with open("/path/to/file") as file:
lines = []
for line in file:
# The rstrip method gets rid of the "\n" at the end of each line
lines.append(line.rstrip().split(","))
回答by inspectorG4dget
with open('path/to/file') as infile: # try open('...', 'rb') as well
answer = [line.strip().split(',') for line in infile]
If you want the numbers as ints:
如果您希望数字为ints：
with open('path/to/file') as infile:
answer = [[int(i) for i in line.strip().split(',')] for line in infile]
回答by corvid
lines=[]
with open('file') as file:
lines.append(file.readline())
