从 Python 修改 Windows 环境变量的接口
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原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1085852/
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StackOverFlow
Interface for modifying Windows environment variables from Python
提问by sharkin
How can I persistently modify the Windows environment variables from a Python script? (it's the setup.py script)
如何从 Python 脚本持续修改 Windows 环境变量？（这是 setup.py 脚本）
I'm looking for a standard function or module to use for this. I'm already familiar with the registry way of doing it, but any comments regarding that are also welcome.
我正在寻找用于此的标准功能或模块。我已经熟悉注册表的操作方式，但也欢迎对此提出任何意见。
回答by Jonathan Hartley
Using setx has few drawbacks, especially if you're trying to append to environment variables (eg. setx PATH %Path%;C:\mypath) This will repeatedly append to the path every time you run it, which can be a problem. Worse, it doesn't distinguish between the machine path (stored in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE), and the user path, (stored in HKEY_CURRENT_USER). The environment variable you see at a command prompt is made up of a concatenation of these two values. Hence, before calling setx:
使用 setx 几乎没有缺点，尤其是当您尝试附加到环境变量（例如 setx PATH %Path%;C:\mypath）时，这将在您每次运行时重复附加到路径，这可能是一个问题。更糟糕的是，它不区分机器路径（存储在 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE 中）和用户路径（存储在 HKEY_CURRENT_USER 中）。您在命令提示符处看到的环境变量由这两个值的串联组成。因此，在调用 setx 之前：
user PATH == u
machine PATH == m
%PATH% == m;u
> setx PATH %PATH%;new
Calling setx sets the USER path by default, hence now:
user PATH == m;u;new
machine PATH == m
%PATH% == m;m;u;new
The system path is unavoidably duplicated in the %PATH% environment variable every time you call setx to append to PATH. These changes are permanent, never reset by reboots, and so accumulate through the life of the machine.
每次调用 setx 附加到 PATH 时，系统路径都不可避免地在 %PATH% 环境变量中重复。这些更改是永久性的，不会因重新启动而重置，因此会在机器的整个生命周期中累积。
Trying to compensate for this in DOS is beyond my ability. So I turned to Python. The solution I have come up with today, to set environment variables by tweaking the registry, including appending to PATH without introducing duplicates, is as follows:
试图在 DOS 中对此进行补偿超出了我的能力范围。所以我转向了 Python。我今天提出的解决方案是通过调整注册表来设置环境变量，包括附加到 PATH 而不引入重复项，如下所示：
from os import system, environ
import win32con
from win32gui import SendMessage
from _winreg import (
CloseKey, OpenKey, QueryValueEx, SetValueEx,
HKEY_CURRENT_USER, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
KEY_ALL_ACCESS, KEY_READ, REG_EXPAND_SZ, REG_SZ
)
def env_keys(user=True):
if user:
root = HKEY_CURRENT_USER
subkey = 'Environment'
else:
root = HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
subkey = r'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment'
return root, subkey
def get_env(name, user=True):
root, subkey = env_keys(user)
key = OpenKey(root, subkey, 0, KEY_READ)
try:
value, _ = QueryValueEx(key, name)
except WindowsError:
return ''
return value
def set_env(name, value):
key = OpenKey(HKEY_CURRENT_USER, 'Environment', 0, KEY_ALL_ACCESS)
SetValueEx(key, name, 0, REG_EXPAND_SZ, value)
CloseKey(key)
SendMessage(
win32con.HWND_BROADCAST, win32con.WM_SETTINGCHANGE, 0, 'Environment')
def remove(paths, value):
while value in paths:
paths.remove(value)
def unique(paths):
unique = []
for value in paths:
if value not in unique:
unique.append(value)
return unique
def prepend_env(name, values):
for value in values:
paths = get_env(name).split(';')
remove(paths, '')
paths = unique(paths)
remove(paths, value)
paths.insert(0, value)
set_env(name, ';'.join(paths))
def prepend_env_pathext(values):
prepend_env('PathExt_User', values)
pathext = ';'.join([
get_env('PathExt_User'),
get_env('PathExt', user=False)
])
set_env('PathExt', pathext)
set_env('Home', '%HomeDrive%%HomePath%')
set_env('Docs', '%HomeDrive%%HomePath%\docs')
set_env('Prompt', '$P$_$G$S')
prepend_env('Path', [
r'%SystemDrive%\cygwin\bin', # Add cygwin binaries to path
r'%HomeDrive%%HomePath%\bin', # shortcuts and 'pass-through' bat files
r'%HomeDrive%%HomePath%\docs\bin\mswin', # copies of standalone executables
])
# allow running of these filetypes without having to type the extension
prepend_env_pathext(['.lnk', '.exe.lnk', '.py'])
It does not affect the current process or the parent shell, but it will affect all cmd windows opened after it is run, without needing a reboot, and can safely be edited and re-run many times without introducing any duplicates.
它不会影响当前进程或父shell，但它会影响运行后打开的所有cmd窗口，无需重新启动，并且可以安全地多次编辑和重新运行而不会引入任何重复项。
回答by Paul Stephenson
It may be just as easy to use the external Windows setxcommand:
使用外部 Windowssetx命令可能同样容易：
C:\>set NEWVAR
Environment variable NEWVAR not defined
C:\>python
Python 2.5.4 (r254:67916, Dec 23 2008, 15:10:54) [MSC v.1310 32 bit (Intel)] on
win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import os
>>> os.system('setx NEWVAR newvalue')
0
>>> os.getenv('NEWVAR')
>>> ^Z
C:\>set NEWVAR
Environment variable NEWVAR not defined
Now open a new Command Prompt:
现在打开一个新的命令提示符：
C:\>set NEWVAR
NEWVAR=newvalue
As you can see, setxneither sets the variable for the current session, nor for the parent process (the first Command Prompt). But it does set the variable persistently in the registry for future processes.
如您所见，setx既没有为当前会话设置变量，也没有为父进程（第一个命令提示符）设置变量。但它确实在注册表中为将来的进程永久设置了变量。
I don't think there is a way of changing the parent process's environment at all (and if there is, I'd love to hear it!).
我认为根本没有改变父进程环境的方法（如果有，我很想听听！）。
回答by Paul Stephenson
It must have been a millennium ago that I've tried to change the environment of the current DOS session by means of a program. The problem is: that program runs within its own DOS shell, so it has to operate on its parent environment. It takes a walk, starting at the DOS Info Block, all along the chain of Memory Control Blocks, to find the location of that parent environment. Once I had found out how to do this, my need for manipulating environment variables had vanished. I'll give you the Turbo Pascal code below, but I guess there are at least three better ways to do the trick:
一定是一千年前，我试图通过一个程序来改变当前 DOS 会话的环境。问题是：该程序在其自己的 DOS shell 中运行，因此它必须在其父环境中运行。从 DOS 信息块开始，沿着内存控制块链走一段路，找到父环境的位置。一旦我找到了如何做到这一点，我对操作环境变量的需求就消失了。我会给你下面的 Turbo Pascal 代码，但我想至少有三种更好的方法可以做到这一点：
Create a batch file that: (a)calls a Python script (or whatever) that generates a temporay batch file containing the appropriate SET commands; (b)calls the temporary batch file (the SET commands are executed in the current shell); and (c)removes the temporary batch file.
Create a Python script that writes something like "VAR1=val1\nVAR2=val2\nVAR3=val3\n" to STDOUT. Use it this way in your batch file:
for /f "delims=|" %%X in ('callYourPythonScript') do set %%Xet voilà: variables VAR1, VAR2 and VAR3 have been given a value.
Modify the Windows Registry and broadcast the setting change as described hereby Alexander Prokofyev.
创建一个批处理文件，该文件：(a)调用 Python 脚本（或其他）生成包含适当 SET 命令的临时批处理文件；(b)调用临时批处理文件（SET 命令在当前 shell 中执行）；和（c）中去除所述临时批处理文件。
创建一个 Python 脚本，将“VAR1=val1\nVAR2=val2\nVAR3=val3\n”之类的内容写入 STDOUT。在批处理文件中以这种方式使用它：
for /f "delims=|" %%X in ('调用你的PythonScript') do set %%X等等：变量 VAR1、VAR2 和 VAR3 已被赋予一个值。
修改 Windows 注册表并广播设置更改，如Alexander Prokofyev在此处所述。
And here goes the Pascal code (you may need a Dutch dictionary and a Pascal programming book) of a program that just reports memory locations. It still seems to work under Windows XP, be it reporting we're running DOS 5.00. This is only a first beginning, there's a lot of low level programming to do in order to manipulate the selected environment. And as the pointer structure may seem correct, I'm not so sure if the environment model of 1994 still holds these days...
这是一个只报告内存位置的程序的 Pascal 代码（你可能需要一本荷兰语词典和一本 Pascal 编程书）。它似乎仍然可以在 Windows XP 下工作，无论是报告我们正在运行 DOS 5.00。这只是一个开始，为了操纵选定的环境，还有很多低级编程要做。由于指针结构似乎是正确的，我不太确定 1994 年的环境模型现在是否仍然适用......
program MCBKETEN;
uses dos, HexConv;
{----------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{ Programma: MCBKETEN.EXE }
{ Broncode : MCBKETEN.PAS }
{ Doel : Tocht langs de MCB's met rapportage }
{ Datum : 11 januari 1994 }
{ Auteur : Meindert Meindertsma }
{ Versie : 1.00 }
{----------------------------------------------------------------------------}
type
MCB_Ptr = ^MCB;
{ MCB_PtrPtr = ^MCB_Ptr; vervallen wegens DOS 2.11 -- zie verderop }
MCB = record
Signatuur : char;
Eigenaar : word;
Paragrafen : word;
Gereserveerd : array[1..3] of byte;
Naam : array[1..8] of char;
end;
BlokPtr = ^BlokRec;
BlokRec = record
Vorige : BlokPtr;
DitSegment,
Paragrafen : word;
Signatuur : string[6];
Eigenaar,
Omgeving : word;
Functie : String4;
Oorsprong,
Pijl : char;
KorteNaam : string[8];
LangeNaam : string;
Volgende : BlokPtr;
end;
PSP_Ptr = ^PSP;
PSP = record
Vulsel1 : array[1..44] of byte;
Omgeving : word;
Vulsel2 : array[47..256] of byte;
end;
var
Zone : string[5];
ProgGevonden,
EindeKeten,
Dos3punt2 : boolean;
Regs : registers;
ActMCB : MCB_Ptr;
EersteSchakel, Schakel,
LaatsteSchakel : BlokPtr;
ActPSP : PSP_Ptr;
EersteProg,
Meester, Ouder,
TerugkeerSegment,
TerugkeerOffset,
TerugkeerSegment2,
OuderSegment : word;
Specificatie : string[8];
ReleaseNummer : string[2];
i : byte;
{----------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{ PROCEDURES EN FUNCTIES }
{----------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function Coda (Omgeving : word; Paragrafen : word) : string;
var
i : longint;
Vorige, Deze : char;
Streng : string;
begin
i := 0;
Deze := #0;
repeat
Vorige := Deze;
Deze := char (ptr (Omgeving, i)^);
inc (i);
until ((Vorige = #0) and (Deze = #0)) or (i div >= Paragrafen);
if (i + 3) div < Paragrafen then begin
Vorige := char (ptr (Omgeving, i)^);
inc (i);
Deze := char (ptr (Omgeving, i)^);
inc (i);
if (Vorige = #01) and (Deze = #0) then begin
Streng := '';
Deze := char (ptr (Omgeving, i)^);
inc (i);
while (Deze <> #0) and (i div < Paragrafen) do begin
Streng := Streng + Deze;
Deze := char (ptr (Omgeving, i)^);
inc (i);
end;
Coda := Streng;
end
else Coda := '';
end
else Coda := '';
end {Coda};
{----------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{ HOOFDPROGRAMMA }
{----------------------------------------------------------------------------}
BEGIN
{----- Initiatie -----}
Zone := 'Lower';
ProgGevonden := FALSE;
EindeKeten := FALSE;
Dos3punt2 := (dosversion >= 03) and (dosversion <= D03);
Meester := """
Show/Modify/Append registry env-vars (ie `PATH`) and notify Windows-applications to pickup changes.
First attempts to show/modify HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE (all users), and
if not accessible due to admin-rights missing, fails-back
to HKEY_CURRENT_USER.
Write and Delete operations do not proceed to user-tree if all-users succeed.
Syntax:
{prog} : Print all env-vars.
{prog} VARNAME : Print value for VARNAME.
{prog} VARNAME VALUE : Set VALUE for VARNAME.
{prog} +VARNAME VALUE : Append VALUE in VARNAME delimeted with ';' (i.e. used for `PATH`).
{prog} -VARNAME : Delete env-var value.
Note that the current command-window will not be affected,
changes would apply only for new command-windows.
"""
import winreg
import os, sys, win32gui, win32con
def reg_key(tree, path, varname):
return '%s\%s:%s' % (tree, path, varname)
def reg_entry(tree, path, varname, value):
return '%s=%s' % (reg_key(tree, path, varname), value)
def query_value(key, varname):
value, type_id = winreg.QueryValueEx(key, varname)
return value
def show_all(tree, path, key):
i = 0
while True:
try:
n,v,t = winreg.EnumValue(key, i)
print(reg_entry(tree, path, n, v))
i += 1
except OSError:
break ## Expected, this is how iteration ends.
def notify_windows(action, tree, path, varname, value):
win32gui.SendMessage(win32con.HWND_BROADCAST, win32con.WM_SETTINGCHANGE, 0, 'Environment')
print("---%s %s" % (action, reg_entry(tree, path, varname, value)))
def manage_registry_env_vars(varname=None, value=None):
reg_keys = [
('HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', r'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment'),
('HKEY_CURRENT_USER', r'Environment'),
]
for (tree_name, path) in reg_keys:
tree = eval('winreg.%s'%tree_name)
try:
with winreg.ConnectRegistry(None, tree) as reg:
with winreg.OpenKey(reg, path, 0, winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS) as key:
if not varname:
show_all(tree_name, path, key)
else:
if not value:
if varname.startswith('-'):
varname = varname[1:]
value = query_value(key, varname)
winreg.DeleteValue(key, varname)
notify_windows("Deleted", tree_name, path, varname, value)
break ## Don't propagate into user-tree.
else:
value = query_value(key, varname)
print(reg_entry(tree_name, path, varname, value))
else:
if varname.startswith('+'):
varname = varname[1:]
value = query_value(key, varname) + ';' + value
winreg.SetValueEx(key, varname, 0, winreg.REG_EXPAND_SZ, value)
notify_windows("Updated", tree_name, path, varname, value)
break ## Don't propagate into user-tree.
except PermissionError as ex:
print("!!!Cannot access %s due to: %s" %
(reg_key(tree_name, path, varname), ex))
except FileNotFoundError as ex:
print("!!!Cannot find %s due to: %s" %
(reg_key(tree_name, path, varname), ex))
if __name__=='__main__':
args = sys.argv
argc = len(args)
if argc > 3:
print(__doc__.format(prog=args[0]))
sys.exit()
manage_registry_env_vars(*args[1:])
00;
Ouder := > REM ## Print all env-vars
> setenv.py
!!!Cannot access HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 5] Access is denied
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment:PATH=...
...
> REM ## Query env-var:
> setenv.py PATH C:\foo
!!!Cannot access HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 5] Access is denied
!!!Cannot find HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified
> REM ## Set env-var:
> setenv.py PATH C:\foo
!!!Cannot access HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 5] Access is denied
---Set HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment:PATH=C:\foo
> REM ## Append env-var:
> setenv.py +PATH D:\Bar
!!!Cannot access HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 5] Access is denied
---Set HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment:PATH=C:\foo;D:\Bar
> REM ## Delete env-var:
> setenv.py -PATH
!!!Cannot access HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 5] Access is denied
---Deleted HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment:PATH
00;
Specificatie[0] := #8;
str (hi (dosversion) : 2, ReleaseNummer);
if ReleaseNummer[1] = ' ' then ReleaseNummer[1] := '0';
{----- Pointer naar eerste MCB ophalen ------}
Regs.AH := ; { functie geeft adres van DOS Info Block in ES:BX }
msdos (Regs);
{ ActMCB := MCB_PtrPtr (ptr (Regs.ES, Regs.BX - 4))^; NIET onder DOS 2.11 }
ActMCB := ptr (word (ptr (Regs.ES, Regs.BX - 2)^), ##代码##00);
{----- MCB-keten doorlopen -----}
new (EersteSchakel);
EersteSchakel^.Vorige := nil;
Schakel := EersteSchakel;
repeat
with Schakel^ do begin
DitSegment := seg (ActMCB^);
Paragrafen := ActMCB^.Paragrafen;
if DitSegment + Paragrafen >= $A000 then
Zone := 'Upper';
Signatuur := Zone + ActMCB^.Signatuur;
Eigenaar := ActMCB^.Eigenaar;
ActPSP := ptr (Eigenaar, 0);
if not ProgGevonden then EersteProg := DitSegment + 1;
if Eigenaar >= EersteProg
then Omgeving := ActPSP^.Omgeving
else Omgeving := 0;
if DitSegment + 1 = Eigenaar then begin
ProgGevonden := TRUE;
Functie := 'Prog';
KorteNaam[0] := #0;
while (ActMCB^.Naam[ ord (KorteNaam[0]) + 1 ] <> #0) and
(KorteNaam[0] < #8) do
begin
inc (KorteNaam[0]);
KorteNaam[ ord (KorteNaam[0]) ] :=
ActMCB^.Naam[ ord (KorteNaam[0]) ];
end;
if Eigenaar = prefixseg then begin
TerugkeerSegment := word (ptr (prefixseg, ##代码##0C)^);
TerugkeerOffset := word (ptr (prefixseg, ##代码##0A)^);
LangeNaam := '-----> Terminate Vector = ' +
WordHex (TerugkeerSegment) + ':' +
WordHex (TerugkeerOffset ) ;
end
else
LangeNaam := '';
end {if ?Prog?}
else begin
if Eigenaar = ##代码##08 then begin
if ActMCB^.Naam[1] = 'S' then
case ActMCB^.Naam[2] of
'D' : Functie := 'SysD';
'C' : Functie := 'SysP';
else Functie := 'Data';
end {case}
else Functie := 'Data';
KorteNaam := '';
LangeNaam := '';
end {if Eigenaar = ##代码##08}
else begin
if DitSegment + 1 = Omgeving then begin
Functie := 'Env ';
LangeNaam := Coda (Omgeving, Paragrafen);
if EersteProg = Eigenaar then Meester := Omgeving;
end {if ?Env?}
else begin
move (ptr (DitSegment + 1, 0)^, Specificatie[1], 8);
if (Specificatie = 'PATH=' + #0 + 'CO') or
(Specificatie = 'COMSPEC=' ) or
(Specificatie = 'OS=DRDOS' ) then
begin
Functie := 'Env' + chr (39);
LangeNaam := Coda (DitSegment + 1, Paragrafen);
if (EersteProg = Eigenaar) and
(Meester = ##代码##00 )
then
Meester := DitSegment + 1;
end
else begin
if Eigenaar = 0
then Functie := 'Free'
else Functie := 'Data';
LangeNaam := '';
if (EersteProg = Eigenaar) and
(Meester = ##代码##00 )
then
Meester := DitSegment + 1;
end;
end {else: not ?Env?};
KorteNaam := '';
end {else: Eigenaar <> ##代码##08};
end {else: not ?Prog?};
{----- KorteNaam redigeren -----}
for i := 1 to length (KorteNaam) do
if KorteNaam[i] < #32 then KorteNaam[i] := '.';
KorteNaam := KorteNaam + ' ';
{----- Oorsprong vaststellen -----}
if EersteProg = Eigenaar
then Oorsprong := '*'
else Oorsprong := ' ';
{----- Actueel proces (uitgaande Pijl) vaststellen -----}
if Eigenaar = prefixseg
then Pijl := '>'
else Pijl := ' ';
end {with Schakel^};
{----- MCB-opeenvolging onderzoeken / schakelverloop vaststellen -----}
if (Zone = 'Upper') and (ActMCB^.Signatuur = 'Z') then begin
Schakel^.Volgende := nil;
EindeKeten := TRUE;
end
else begin
ActMCB := ptr (seg (ActMCB^) + ActMCB^.Paragrafen + 1, 0);
if ((ActMCB^.Signatuur <> 'M') and (ActMCB^.Signatuur <> 'Z')) or
($FFFF - ActMCB^.Paragrafen < seg (ActMCB^) )
then begin
Schakel^.Volgende := nil;
EindeKeten := TRUE;
end
else begin
new (LaatsteSchakel);
Schakel^.Volgende := LaatsteSchakel;
LaatsteSchakel^.Vorige := Schakel;
Schakel := LaatsteSchakel;
end {else: (?M? or ?Z?) and ?teveel_Paragrafen?};
end {else: ?Lower? or not ?Z?};
until EindeKeten;
{----- Terugtocht -----}
while Schakel <> nil do with Schakel^ do begin
{----- Ouder-proces vaststellen -----}
TerugkeerSegment2 := TerugkeerSegment + (TerugkeerOffset div );
if (DitSegment <= TerugkeerSegment2) and
(DitSegment + Paragrafen >= TerugkeerSegment2)
then
OuderSegment := Eigenaar;
{----- Meester-omgeving markeren -----}
if DitSegment + 1 = Meester then Oorsprong := 'M';
{----- Schakel-verloop -----}
Schakel := Schakel^.Vorige;
end {while Schakel <> nil};
{----- Rapportage -----}
writeln ('Chain of Memory Control Blocks in DOS version ',
lo (dosversion), '.', ReleaseNummer, ':');
writeln;
writeln ('MCB@ #Par Signat PSP@ Env@ Type !! Name File');
writeln ('---- ---- ------ ---- ---- ---- -- -------- ',
'-----------------------------------');
Schakel := EersteSchakel;
while Schakel <> nil do with Schakel^ do begin
{----- Ouder-omgeving vaststellen -----}
if Eigenaar = OuderSegment then begin
if not Dos3punt2 then begin
if (Functie = 'Env ') then begin
Ouder := DitSegment + 1;
Pijl := '?';
end
else
Pijl := '<';
end {if not Dos3punt2}
else begin
if ((Functie = 'Env' + chr (39)) or (Functie = 'Data')) and
(Ouder = ##代码##00)
then begin
Ouder := DitSegment + 1;
Pijl := '?';
end
else
Pijl := '<';
end {else: Dos3punt2};
end {with Schakel^};
{----- Keten-weergave -----}
writeln (WordHex (DitSegment) , ' ',
WordHex (Paragrafen) , ' ',
Signatuur , ' ',
WordHex (Eigenaar) , ' ',
WordHex (Omgeving) , ' ',
Functie , ' ',
Oorsprong, Pijl , ' ',
KorteNaam , ' ',
LangeNaam );
{----- Schakel-verloop -----}
Schakel := Schakel^.Volgende;
end {while Schakel <> nil};
{----- Afsluiting rapportage -----}
writeln;
write ('* = First command interpreter at ');
if ProgGevonden
then writeln (WordHex (EersteProg), ':0000')
else writeln ('?');
write ('M = Master environment at ');
if Meester > ##代码##00
then writeln (WordHex (Meester), ':0000')
else writeln ('?');
write ('< = Parent proces at ');
writeln (WordHex (OuderSegment), ':0000');
write ('? = Parent environment at ');
if Ouder > ##代码##00
then writeln (WordHex (Ouder), ':0000')
else writeln ('?');
writeln ('> = Current proces at ',
WordHex (prefixseg), ':0000');
writeln (' returns to ',
WordHex (TerugkeerSegment), ':', WordHex (TerugkeerOffset));
END.
(Above ASCII 127, there may be some ASCII/ANSI translation issues in this presentation.)
（在 ASCII 127 以上，本演示文稿中可能存在一些 ASCII/ANSI 转换问题。）
回答by ankostis
This Python-script[*] attempts to modify the GLOBAL env-vars in registry, if no-permissions falls-back to user's registry, and then notifies all windows about the change:
这个 Python 脚本 [*] 尝试修改注册表中的 GLOBAL env-vars，如果没有权限回退到用户的注册表，然后将更改通知所有窗口：
##代码##Below are some usage examples, assuming it has been saved in a file called setenv.pysomewhere in your current path.
Note that in these examples i didn't have admin-rights, so the changes affected only my local user's registry tree:
下面是一些使用示例，假设它已保存在setenv.py当前路径中某个名为某个位置的文件中。请注意，在这些示例中，我没有 admin-rights，因此更改仅影响我本地用户的注册表树：
[*] Adapted from: http://code.activestate.com/recipes/416087-persistent-environment-variables-on-windows/
[*] 改编自：http: //code.activestate.com/recipes/416087-persistent-environment-variables-on-windows/
回答by Lennart Regebro
The registry way is if you want to modify it permanently for everything, which I guess is what you want here since it's in setup.py.
注册表方式是，如果您想永久修改所有内容，我想这就是您想要的，因为它在 setup.py 中。
Temporarily for just your process, then os.environ is the trick.
暂时仅用于您的过程，然后 os.environ 是诀窍。
回答by luc
In the os module, there is getenv and putenv functions. However, it seems that the putenv is not working correctly and that you must use the windows registry instead
在 os 模块中，有 getenv 和 putenv 函数。但是，似乎 putenv 无法正常工作，您必须改用 Windows 注册表
Look at this discussion
看看这个讨论
