Java 如何从类路径加载/引用文件作为 File 实例
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How to load/reference a file as a File instance from the classpath
提问by jake
I have a file that is in my classpath, e.g. com/path/to/file.txt. I need to load or reference this file as a java.io.Fileobject. The is because I need to access the file using java.io.RandomAccessFile(the file is large, and I need to seek to a certain byte offset). Is this possible? The constructors for RandomAccessFilerequire a Fileinstance or String (path).
我的类路径中有一个文件，例如com/path/to/file.txt. 我需要将此文件作为java.io.File对象加载或引用。这是因为我需要使用访问文件java.io.RandomAccessFile（文件很大，我需要寻找某个字节偏移量）。这可能吗？的构造函数RandomAccessFile需要一个File实例或字符串（路径）。
If there's another solution to seek to a certain byte offset and read the line, I'm open to that as well.
如果有另一种解决方案来寻找某个字节偏移量并读取该行，我也对此持开放态度。
回答by joelittlejohn
Try getting hold of a URL for your classpath resource:
尝试获取类路径资源的 URL：
URL url = this.getClass().getResource("/com/path/to/file.txt")
Then create a file using the constructor that accepts a URI:
然后使用接受 URI 的构造函数创建一个文件：
File file = new File(url.toURI());
回答by Jiri Patera
Or use directly the InputStreamof the resource using the absolute CLASSPATH path (starting with the /slash character):
或者直接使用InputStream资源的绝对 CLASSPATH 路径（以/斜杠字符开头）：
getClass().getResourceAsStream("/com/path/to/file.txt");
Or relative CLASSPATH path (when the class you are writing is in the same Java package as the resource file itself, i.e. com.path.to):
或者相对 CLASSPATH 路径（当您编写的类与资源文件本身在同一个 Java 包中时，即com.path.to）：
getClass().getResourceAsStream("file.txt");
回答by Hotel
This also works, and doesn't require a /path/to/file URI conversion. If the file is on the classpath, this will find it.
这也有效，并且不需要 /path/to/file URI 转换。如果文件在类路径上，这将找到它。
File currFile = new File(getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("the_file.txt").getFile());
回答by Gondy
I find this one-line code as most efficient and useful:
我发现这个单行代码最有效和有用：
File file = new File(ClassLoader.getSystemResource("com/path/to/file.txt").getFile());
Works like a charm.
奇迹般有效。
