bash 每次运行 script.sh 并将输出保存到文件时，如何从我的 script.sh 中记录错误？
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How can i log error from my script.sh every time I run the script.sh and save output to a file?
提问by Bruno Alves
How can I save the error output when running my script to a file? I have my code bellow, but the code does not track error and save the error to test.log14. Can somebody give me a hint on what could be wrong in my code...
将脚本运行到文件时如何保存错误输出？我有下面的代码，但代码没有跟踪错误并将错误保存到 test.log14。有人可以给我一个关于我的代码中可能有什么问题的提示......
LOGFILE=/usr/local/etc/backups/test14.log
"$(date "+%m%d%Y %T") : Starting work" >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
回答by Aaron Digulla
Use this code:
使用此代码：
#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/usr/local/etc/backups/test14.log
(
echo "$(date "+%m%d%Y %T") : Starting work"
... more commands ...
echo error 1>&2 # test stderr
echo "$(date "+%m%d%Y %T") : Done"
) >& $LOGFILE
The ()makes BASH execute most of the script in a subshell. All output of the subshell (stderr and stdout) is redirected to the logfile.
这()使得 BASH 在子 shell 中执行大部分脚本。子shell（stderr 和stdout）的所有输出都被重定向到日志文件。
回答by Dale_Reagan
Send the error output of the command instead of appending 'error output from append' -if that makes sense. I typically use functions for this type of process (similar to above.)
发送命令的错误输出，而不是附加“来自 append 的错误输出”——如果这有意义的话。我通常为这种类型的过程使用函数（类似于上面的）。
Try this:
尝试这个：
2>&1 >> $LOGFILE
instead of
代替
>> $LOGFILE 2>&1
###
function run_my_stuff {
echo "$(date "+%m%d%Y %T") : Starting work"
... more commands ...
echo "$(date "+%m%d%Y %T") : Done"
}
## call function and append to log
run_my_stuff 2>&1 >> ${LOGFILE} # OR
run_my_stuff 2>&1 | tee -a ${LOGFILE} # watch the log
回答by Ljm Dullaart
There are normally 2 outputs that you see on your screen when you execute a command:
执行命令时，通常会在屏幕上看到 2 个输出：
- STDOUT
- STDERR
- 标准输出
- STDERR
You can redirect them independently per command.
您可以根据命令独立重定向它们。
For example:
例如：
ls >out 2>err
will give you two files; outwill contain the output from lsand errwill be empty.
会给你两个文件；out将包含来自的输出ls并且err将为空。
ls /nonexisting 1>out 2>err
will give you an empty outfile and errwill contain
会给你一个空out文件，err并将包含
"ls: cannot access /nonexisting: No such file or directory"
“ls：无法访问/不存在：没有这样的文件或目录”
The 2>&1redirects 2 (STDERR) to 1 (STDOUT)
所述2>&1重定向2（STDERR）至1（STDOUT）
Your echodoes not have any errors, therefore there is no output on the STDERR.
您echo没有任何错误，因此 STDERR 上没有输出。
So your code would probably need to be something like this:
所以你的代码可能需要是这样的：
echo "$(date "+%m%d%Y %T") : Starting work"
work_command > work_output 2>> $LOGFILE
