Linux Eclipse 的任何替代品？

Any alternatives to Eclipse?

提问by David Given

I'm a long-term Linux developer, and I've been using Eclipse to do all my coding for years. It's got decent syntax highlighting for a range of languages, good project management, top-notch integrated VCS support, and its Java support is superb.

我是一名长期的 Linux 开发人员，多年来我一直使用 Eclipse 来完成我所有的编码工作。它为一系列语言提供了不错的语法突出显示、良好的项目管理、一流的集成 VCS 支持，并且它的 Java 支持非常出色。

Unfortunately it's also huge, rather clunky, and has a number of bad habits ranging from files disappearing irrevocably if you accidentally undo in the project view after creating a file, to mysterious lockups where it will sit and think at 100% CPU for a minute, to an extremely clumsy package manager that seems to become more and more fragile the more stuff you install with it. So I'm looking for suggestions to an alternative to Eclipse that I can try.

不幸的是，它也很大，相当笨重，并且有许多坏习惯，从创建文件后不小心在项目视图中撤消文件会不可撤销地消失，到神秘的锁定，它会坐下来以 100% CPU 思考一分钟，一个极其笨拙的包管理器，它似乎变得越来越脆弱，你安装的东西越多。因此，我正在寻找可以尝试的 Eclipse 替代方案的建议。

There are, however, some provisos.

但是，也有一些限制条件。

• There are two main styles of IDE. There's the Eclipse style, where a project is a directory; moving files in the project moves the files in the directory, so the project view can be treated as a file manager. And then there's the Visual Studio style, where the project is an abstract thing that does not necessarily match the layout on disk, and a project can contain files from multiple directories and moving files in the project doesn't touch the disk. This latter style I cannot stand, as it simply doesn't match the way I work. Unfortunately most Linux IDEs I've found work like Visual Studio. e.g. qtcreator, netbeans, monodevelop, etc.

• I mustbe able to create a raw, unmanaged project, where the IDE doesn't try to build stuff, debug stuff, or touch the files in any way other than just editing them and managing them. This is because most of my stuff tends to get built from the command line. For example, Code::Blocks, which otherwise looks excellent, insists on all projects having a managed build system with build configurations etc, and won't take no for an answer, even if said build system is totally irrelevant to what I want to do. Integrated build systems are all very well but if I can't just point the IDE at a directory full of files and edit them, I'm afraid it's useless to me.

• IDE 有两种主要风格。有 Eclipse 风格，其中一个项目就是一个目录；移动项目中的文件移动目录中的文件，因此项目视图可以被视为文件管理器。然后是 Visual Studio 风格，其中项目是一个抽象的东西，不一定与磁盘上的布局匹配，并且一个项目可以包含来自多个目录的文件，并且项目中的移动文件不接触磁盘。后一种风格我无法忍受，因为它根本不符合我的工作方式。不幸的是，我发现的大多数 Linux IDE 都像 Visual Studio。例如 qtcreator、netbeans、monodevelop 等。

• 我必须能够创建一个原始的、非托管的项目，其中 IDE 不会尝试构建内容、调试内容或以任何方式接触文件，而不仅仅是编辑和管理它们。这是因为我的大部分东西都是从命令行构建的。例如，Code::Blocks 在其他方面看起来很棒，它坚持所有项目都具有带有构建配置等的托管构建系统，并且不会拒绝回答，即使所述构建系统与我想要的完全无关做。集成构建系统都非常好，但如果我不能将 IDE 指向一个充满文件的目录并对其进行编辑，恐怕对我来说毫无用处。

The languages I work in are C, C++, Java, Lua, shell script, Vala, and a myriad of other things, so something with decently robust syntax highlighting would be nice.

我使用的语言是 C、C++、Java、Lua、shell 脚本、Vala 和无数其他语言，因此具有相当健壮的语法突出显示的语言会很好。

I realise that I'm being quite picky, but IDEs are a very personal thing, and, well, that's how I work. I don't dislike Eclipse enough to warrant changing my workflow, but I would like to know if there's something better out there that I can use with the same workflow...

我意识到我很挑剔，但 IDE 是一件非常私人的事情，而且，这就是我的工作方式。我不喜欢 Eclipse 到足以改变我的工作流程，但我想知道是否有更好的东西可以用于相同的工作流程......

回答by Gili

How about JEdit?

JEdi​​t怎么样？

回答by James Black

Since you are using Linux why not use xemacs (http://www.xemacs.org/)

既然您使用的是 Linux，为什么不使用 xemacs ( http://www.xemacs.org/)

To get an idea how to set it up for various languages you can look at this: http://www.xemacs.org/Documentation/packages/html/prog-modes.html

要了解如何为各种语言设置它，您可以查看：http: //www.xemacs.org/Documentation/packages/html/prog-modes.html

Then for Java, you can look at http://jdee.sourceforge.net/

然后对于Java，你可以看看http://jdee.sourceforge.net/

Emacs is very flexible, so you can get it to work as you desire, but, it will require more effort on your part that using a standard IDE, such as Eclipse.

Emacs 非常灵活，因此您可以按照自己的意愿让它工作，但是，与使用标准 IDE（例如 Eclipse）相比，您需要付出更多的努力。

回答by Nate W.

I highly recommend Intellij Idea. As of about a year ago they've got a free Community Edition.

我强烈推荐Intellij Idea。大约一年前，他们有一个免费的社区版。

回答by Nate W.

I'm not really a very experienced programmer, I only have about 3 years of experience, but during those three years I have become completely disappointed with every IDE that I used.

我并不是一个非常有经验的程序员，我只有大约 3 年的经验，但是在这三年中，我对我使用的每个 IDE 都感到完全失望。

I tried Visual Studio, Eclipse, NetBeans, IntelliJ IDEA (that was the most horrible of them, probably), Qt Creator (this one was the nicest, for Qt projects). All of them were too slow, clunky, too "intrusive", had a lot of features I didn't even need and using them was a real pain. So here is what I did.

我尝试了 Visual Studio、Eclipse、NetBeans、IntelliJ IDEA（可能是其中最可怕的）、Qt Creator（对于 Qt 项目来说这是最好的）。它们都太慢、太笨重、太“干扰”，有很多我什至不需要的功能，使用它们真的很痛苦。所以这就是我所做的。

I uninstalled all those IDE's, installed the good old gvim text editor, downloaded a nice color scheme for it, installed a good font for programmers (terminus), installed a few nice vim plugins, learned the VIM commands, learned how to use my tools (GNU make, g++, cvs, git etc.) and lived happily ever after.

我卸载了所有这些 IDE，安装了旧的 gvim 文本编辑器，为它下载了一个漂亮的配色方案，为程序员安装了一个好的字体（终端），安装了一些不错的 vim 插件，学习了 VIM 命令，学习了如何使用我的工具（GNU make、g++、cvs、git 等）并从此过着幸福的生活。

The advantage of Vim is that it's lightweight, does not hog up your system's resources, does not tell you what to do, yet it is powerful enough to be one of the best text editors out there.

Vim 的优点是它是轻量级的，不会占用您的系统资源，不会告诉您该做什么，但它的功能强大到足以成为目前最好的文本编辑器之一。

However, if you find Vim hard to grok, I suggest that you try Geany, a lightweight text editor for programmers. Also, I have recetly checked out Code::Blocks and it seems close enough to be good. It's not good for Java development, though, but for C++ it's decent. So, you know, pick your poison :)

但是，如果您发现 Vim 难以理解，我建议您尝试Geany，这是一款面向程序员的轻量级文本编辑器。此外，我最近检查了 Code::Blocks 并且它似乎足够接近好。不过，这对于 Java 开发来说并不好，但对于 C++ 来说却是不错的。所以，你知道，选择你的毒药:)

回答by austinmarton

When I don't want to wait for Eclipse to load I just use gedit - it's fast and has syntax highlighting.

当我不想等待 Eclipse 加载时，我只使用 gedit - 它很快并且具有语法突出显示。

You can open the sidebar to jump between open files or use the file browser and the bottom panel has a terminal to make in. If you use the External Tools Manager you can add custom scripts to be run by any shortcut key combination.

您可以打开侧边栏在打开的文件之间跳转或使用文件浏览器，底部面板有一个终端可以输入。如果您使用外部工具管理器，您可以添加自定义脚本以通过任何快捷键组合运行。