如何使用 bash 脚本从不同目录运行代码
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How do I run code from a different directory with a bash script
提问by JBWhitmore
I have been putting my code on github, but I've run into an implementation snag. I run the same code on many computers (including a computer that I do not have root access on).
我一直把我的代码放在 github 上，但我遇到了一个实现障碍。我在多台计算机（包括我没有 root 访问权限的计算机）上运行相同的代码。
One piece of code (a bash script) calls some python code like:
一段代码（一个 bash 脚本）调用了一些 python 代码，例如：
python somecode.py
The shell will run the correct version of python, but it won't find somecode.py.
shell 将运行正确版本的 python，但它不会找到 somecode.py。
What I've tried:
我试过的：
Fail #1: I tried to add both the directory which contains somecode.py and the full path to the file to the PATH; to no avail. [Errno 2] No such file or directory
失败 #1：我尝试将包含 somecode.py 的目录和文件的完整路径添加到 PATH；无济于事。[Errno 2] 没有那个文件或目录
Fail #2: I can make it work for one computer ONLY if I add the full path to the correct version of python in the top line:
失败 #2：只有当我在顶行添加正确版本的 python 的完整路径时，我才能让它在一台计算机上工作：
#!/usr/local/cool/python/version/location
However this breaks it running on any other computer.
但是，这会破坏它在任何其他计算机上的运行。
Fail #3: I can also make it work if I make the bash script say:
失败 #3：如果我让 bash 脚本说：
python /full/path/to/github/place/somecode.py
but again, this only works for ONE computer because the paths are different for different computers.
但同样，这仅适用于一台计算机，因为不同计算机的路径不同。
What I really want to do: I want to be able to use the same code (both bash script and somecode.py) on multiple computers.
我真正想做的是：我希望能够在多台计算机上使用相同的代码（bash 脚本和 somecode.py）。
Any suggestions about how to do this properly is welcome. Thanks!
欢迎任何有关如何正确执行此操作的建议。谢谢！
Solution
解决方案
Added:
添加：
#!/usr/bin/env python
To the top of my somecode.py code;
到我的 somecode.py 代码的顶部；
mv somecode.py somecode
chmod +x somecode
Make sure PATH has /full/path/to/directory/with/somecode.
确保 PATH 有 /full/path/to/directory/with/somecode。
Bash script now says only:
Bash 脚本现在只说：
somecode
and it works.
它有效。
回答by Levon
For problem #2 try
对于问题#2 尝试
#!/usr/bin/env python
though it may find different versions of Python on different machines, but as long as that's not a problem this should fix that particular problem
尽管它可能会在不同的机器上找到不同版本的 Python，但只要这不是问题，这应该可以解决该特定问题
See this SO question Python deployment and /usr/bin/env portabilitytoo. And this post by Alex Martellire use of this.
请参阅此 SO 问题Python 部署和 /usr/bin/env 可移植性。Alex Martelli 的这篇文章重新使用了这一点。
回答by cdarke
If you say python somefile.pythen it will take the location of somefile.pyas the current directory, not from $PATH. It will take the location of pythonfrom $PATH.
如果你说，python somefile.py那么它将把 的位置somefile.py作为当前目录，而不是来自$PATH. 它将采用pythonfrom的位置$PATH。
If you say somefile.pythen it will take the location of somefile.pyfrom $PATH, and the location of pythonfrom the #!line of your python script, which can use the PATH if you follow @Levon's suggestion.
如果你说，somefile.py那么它将采用somefile.pyfrom$PATH的位置，以及python来自#!你的python脚本行的位置，如果你遵循@Levon的建议，它可以使用 PATH 。
