如何使用 url 访问 Python 中的 s3 文件？

How can I access s3 files in Python using urls?

提问by Nate Reed

I want to write a Python script that will read and write files from s3 using their url's, eg:'s3:/mybucket/file'. It would need to run locally and in the cloud without any code changes. Is there a way to do this?

我想编写一个 Python 脚本，该脚本将使用 s3 的 url 读取和写入文件，例如：'s3:/mybucket/file'。它需要在本地和云端运行，无需任何代码更改。有没有办法做到这一点？

Edit: There are some good suggestions here but what I really want is something that allows me to do this:

编辑：这里有一些很好的建议，但我真正想要的是允许我这样做的东西：

 myfile = open("s3://mybucket/file", "r")

and then use that file object like any other file object. That would be really cool. I might just write something like this for myself if it doesn't exist. I could build that abstraction layer on simples3 or boto.

然后像使用任何其他文件对象一样使用该文件对象。那真的很酷。如果它不存在，我可能只是为自己写这样的东西。我可以在 simples3 或 boto 上构建抽象层。

回答by David Wolever

I haven't seen something that would work directly with S3 urls, but you could use an S3 access library(simples3looks decent) and some simple string manipulation:

我还没有看到可以直接使用 S3 url 的东西，但是您可以使用S3 访问库（simples3看起来不错）和一些简单的字符串操作：

>>> url = "s3:/bucket/path/"
>>> _, path = url.split(":", 1)
>>> path = path.lstrip("/")
>>> bucket, path = path.split("/", 1)
>>> print bucket
'bucket'
>>> print path
'path/'

回答by Anto Binish Kaspar

You can use Boto Python APIfor accessing S3 by python. Its a good library. After you do the installation of Boto, following sample programe will work for you

您可以使用Boto Python API通过 python 访问 S3。它是一个很好的图书馆。安装 Boto 后，以下示例程序将为您工作

>>> k = Key(b)
>>> k.key = 'yourfile'
>>> k.set_contents_from_filename('yourfile.txt')

You can find more information here http://boto.cloudhackers.com/s3_tut.html#storing-data

您可以在此处找到更多信息http://boto.cloudhackers.com/s3_tut.html#storing-data

回答by Joe Drumgoole

http://s3tools.org/s3cmdworks pretty well and support the s3:// form of the URL structure you want. It does the business on Linux and Windows. If you need a native API to call from within a python program then http://code.google.com/p/boto/is a better choice.

http://s3tools.org/s3cmd运行良好，并支持您想要的 URL 结构的 s3:// 形式。它在 Linux 和 Windows 上开展业务。如果您需要从 Python 程序中调用本机 API，那么http://code.google.com/p/boto/是更好的选择。

回答by Skylar Saveland

For opening, it should be as simple as:

对于打开，它应该像这样简单：

import urllib
opener = urllib.URLopener()
myurl = "https://s3.amazonaws.com/skyl/fake.xyz"
myfile = opener.open(myurl)

This will work with s3 if the file is public.

如果文件是公开的，这将适用于 s3。

To write a file using boto, it goes a little something like this:

要使用 boto 编写文件，它有点像这样：

from boto.s3.connection import S3Connection
conn = S3Connection(AWS_KEY, AWS_SECRET)
bucket = conn.get_bucket(BUCKET)
destination = bucket.new_key()
destination.name = filename
destination.set_contents_from_file(myfile)
destination.make_public()

lemme know if this works for you :)

让我知道这是否适合你:)

回答by gene_wood

Here's how they doit in awscli:

以下是他们在awscli中的做法：

def find_bucket_key(s3_path):
    """
    This is a helper function that given an s3 path such that the path is of
    the form: bucket/key
    It will return the bucket and the key represented by the s3 path
    """
    s3_components = s3_path.split('/')
    bucket = s3_components[0]
    s3_key = ""
    if len(s3_components) > 1:
        s3_key = '/'.join(s3_components[1:])
    return bucket, s3_key


def split_s3_bucket_key(s3_path):
    """Split s3 path into bucket and key prefix.
    This will also handle the s3:// prefix.
    :return: Tuple of ('bucketname', 'keyname')
    """
    if s3_path.startswith('s3://'):
        s3_path = s3_path[5:]
    return find_bucket_key(s3_path)

Which you could just use with code like this

您可以将其与这样的代码一起使用

from awscli.customizations.s3.utils import split_s3_bucket_key
import boto3
client = boto3.client('s3')
bucket_name, key_name = split_s3_bucket_key(
    's3://example-bucket-name/path/to/example.txt')
response = client.get_object(Bucket=bucket_name, Key=key_name)

This doesn't address the goal of interacting with an s3 key as a file like objectbut it's a step in that direction.

这并没有解决将 s3 密钥作为文件之类的对象进行交互的目标，但这是朝着这个方向迈出的一步。

回答by Guilherme Freitas

Try s3fs

试试s3fs

First example on the docs:

文档上的第一个示例：

>>> import s3fs
>>> fs = s3fs.S3FileSystem(anon=True)
>>> fs.ls('my-bucket')
['my-file.txt']
>>> with fs.open('my-bucket/my-file.txt', 'rb') as f:
...     print(f.read())
b'Hello, world'