在 alpine 中安装 python3 包时出错
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Error when installing python3 packages in alpine
提问by Diego Gallegos
I am currently building an image from alpine:3.7.
我目前正在从 alpine:3.7 构建图像。
There are two packages that I am having problems with:
有两个包我遇到了问题：
- pendulum (specifically python-dateutilspackage)
- service_identity (specifically attrspackage)
- pendulum（特别是python-dateutils包）
- service_identity（特别是attrs包）
The error that I receive it is:
我收到的错误是：
Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement setuptools (from versions: ) No matching distribution found for setuptools
找不到满足 setuptools 要求的版本（来自版本：）找不到与 setuptools 匹配的发行版
Note: all packages are pre-cached on a directory using pip download.
注意：所有包都使用 pip 下载预先缓存在一个目录中。
The dockerfile looks as follows:
dockerfile 如下所示：
RUN apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps <dev packages>
&& apk add --no-cache --update python3
&& pip3 install --upgrade pip setuptools
RUN pip3 install -f ./python-packages --no-index -r requirements.txt ./python-packages/pkgs
....
dev-packages such as libffi-dev, libressl-dev, etc.
开发包，例如 libffi-dev、libressl-dev 等。
采纳答案by Diego Gallegos
Apparently when upgrading pip with:
显然在升级 pip 时：
pip3 install --upgrade pip setuptools
I removed pip upgrading and installation worked. Now, I have been researching the correct way to upgrade pip on alpine and found a Dockerfile in a github repothat does this check:
我删除了 pip 升级和安装工作。现在，我一直在研究在 alpine 上升级 pip 的正确方法，并在github 存储库中找到了一个 Dockerfile来执行此检查：
if [ ! -e /usr/bin/pip ]; then ln -s pip3 /usr/bin/pip ; fi && \
if [[ ! -e /usr/bin/python ]]; then ln -sf /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python; fi && \
Which makes sure that pip3is being referred when calling just pipcommand by doing a symbolic link on python and system binaries' directories.
通过在 python 和系统二进制文件的目录上执行符号链接，确保在调用pip命令时引用pip3。
回答by nickgryg
I'm not sure about the full list of dev-packages to build in the question, but it should be the following: g++(GNU C++ standard library and compiler), python3-dev(python3 development files), libffi-dev(libffi development files) and openssl-dev(Toolkit for SSL v2/v3 and TLS v1 development files).
我不确定要在问题中构建的开发包的完整列表，但它应该是以下内容：g++（GNU C++ 标准库和编译器）、python3-dev（python3 开发文件）、libffi-dev（libffi 开发文件）和openssl-dev（用于SSL v2/v3 和 TLS v1 开发文件）。
The Dockerfileis:
该Dockerfile是：
FROM alpine:3.7
RUN apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps g++ python3-dev libffi-dev openssl-dev && \
apk add --no-cache --update python3 && \
pip3 install --upgrade pip setuptools
RUN pip3 install pendulum service_identity
