bash 比较字符串与字符串列表
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bash compare a string vs a list of strings
提问by kfmfe04
Suppose I have the following code in bash:
假设我在 bash 中有以下代码：
#!/bin/bash
bad_fruit=( apple banana kiwi )
for fname in `ls`
do
# want to check if fname contains one of the bad_fruit
is_bad_fruit=??? # <------- fix this line
if [ is_bad_fruit ]
then
echo "$fname contains bad fruit in its name"
else
echo "$fname is ok"
fi
done
How do I fix is_bad_fruit so that it is true if fname contains one of the bad_fruit strings?
如何修复 is_bad_fruit 以便 fname 包含 bad_fruit 字符串之一时为真？
回答by Gilles Quenot
Try the following code :
试试下面的代码：
#!/bin/bash
bad_fruit=( apple banana kiwi )
re="$(printf '%s\n' "${bad_fruit[@]}" | paste -sd '|')"
for fname in *; do
# want to check if fname contains one of the bad_fruit
if [[ $fname =~ $re ]]; then
echo "$fname contains bad fruit in its name"
else
echo "$fname is ok"
fi
done
Take care of useless use of ls
lsis a tool for interactively looking at file information. Its output is formatted for humans and will cause bugs in scripts. Use globs or find instead. Understand why: http://mywiki.wooledge.org/ParsingLs
ls是一种交互式查看文件信息的工具。它的输出是为人类格式化的，会导致脚本中的错误。使用 globs 或 find 代替。了解原因：http: //mywiki.wooledge.org/ParsingLs
回答by Ansgar Wiechers
Another option (using grepwith an inner loop and evaluating the exit code):
另一种选择（grep与内部循环一起使用并评估退出代码）：
#!/bin/bash
bad_fruit=( apple banana kiwi )
for fname in *; do
for fruit in "${bad_fruit[@]}"; do
echo "$fruit"
done | grep "$fname"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "$fname contains bad fruit in its name"
else
echo "$fname is ok"
fi
done
