macos 没有编辑菜单的对话框中的 Cocoa 键盘快捷键

Cocoa Keyboard Shortcuts in Dialog without an Edit Menu

提问by Kristopher Johnson

I have an LSUIElementapplication that displays a menubar status item. The application can display a dialog window that contains a text field.

我有一个LSUIElement显示菜单栏状态项的应用程序。该应用程序可以显示一个包含文本字段的对话窗口。

If the user right-clicks/control-clicks the text field, a menu appears that allows cut, copy, paste, etc. However, the standard Command-X, Command-C, and Command-V keyboard shortcuts do not work in the field. I assume this is because my application does not provide an Edit menu with those shortcuts defined.

如果用户右键单击/按住 Control 单击文本字段，则会出现一个允许剪切、复制、粘贴等操作的菜单。但是，标准的 Command-X、Command-C 和 Command-V 键盘快捷键在场地。我认为这是因为我的应用程序没有提供定义了这些快捷方式的编辑菜单。

I've tried adding an Edit menu item to my application's menu, as suggested in the Ship Some Codeblog, but that did not work. The menu items in the Edit menu can be used, but keyboard shortcuts still don't work.

我已尝试将“编辑”菜单项添加到我的应用程序菜单中，如Ship Some Code博客中所建议的那样，但这不起作用。可以使用“编辑”菜单中的菜单项，但键盘快捷键仍然不起作用。

I can imagine a few ways to hack the keyboard handling, but is there a "recommended" way to make this work?

我可以想象一些方法来破解键盘处理，但是有没有一种“推荐”的方法来使这个工作？

(For details about the app, see Menubar Countdown.)

（有关该应用程序的详细信息，请参阅菜单栏倒计时。）

Related question: Copy/Paste Not Working in Modal Window

相关问题：复制/粘贴在模态窗口中不起作用

采纳答案by Kristopher Johnson

What worked for me was using The View Solutionpresented in Copy and Paste Keyboard Shortcutsat CocoaRocket.

对我有用的是使用CocoaRocket 的复制和粘贴键盘快捷键中提供的视图解决方案。

Basically, this means subclassing NSTextField and overriding performKeyEquivalent:.

基本上，这意味着继承 NSTextField 并覆盖performKeyEquivalent:.

Update:The CocoaRocket site is apparently gone. Here's the Internet Archive link: http://web.archive.org/web/20100126000339/http://www.cocoarocket.com/articles/copypaste.html

更新：CocoaRocket 网站显然已经不存在了。这是 Internet Archive 链接：http://web.archive.org/web/20100126000339/http: //www.cocoarocket.com/articles/copypaste.html

Edit: The Swift code looks like this

编辑：Swift 代码如下所示

class Editing: NSTextField {

  private let commandKey = NSEventModifierFlags.CommandKeyMask.rawValue
  private let commandShiftKey = NSEventModifierFlags.CommandKeyMask.rawValue | NSEventModifierFlags.ShiftKeyMask.rawValue
  override func performKeyEquivalent(event: NSEvent) -> Bool {
    if event.type == NSEventType.KeyDown {
      if (event.modifierFlags.rawValue & NSEventModifierFlags.DeviceIndependentModifierFlagsMask.rawValue) == commandKey {
        switch event.charactersIgnoringModifiers! {
        case "x":
          if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("cut:"), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
        case "c":
          if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("copy:"), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
        case "v":
          if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("paste:"), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
        case "z":
          if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("undo:"), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
        case "a":
          if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("selectAll:"), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
        default:
          break
        }
      }
      else if (event.modifierFlags.rawValue & NSEventModifierFlags.DeviceIndependentModifierFlagsMask.rawValue) == commandShiftKey {
        if event.charactersIgnoringModifiers == "Z" {
          if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("redo:"), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
        }
      }
    }
    return super.performKeyEquivalent(event)
  }
}

Edit:The Swift 3 code looks like this

编辑：Swift 3 代码如下所示

class Editing: NSTextView {

private let commandKey = NSEventModifierFlags.command.rawValue
private let commandShiftKey = NSEventModifierFlags.command.rawValue | NSEventModifierFlags.shift.rawValue

override func performKeyEquivalent(with event: NSEvent) -> Bool {
    if event.type == NSEventType.keyDown {
        if (event.modifierFlags.rawValue & NSEventModifierFlags.deviceIndependentFlagsMask.rawValue) == commandKey {
            switch event.charactersIgnoringModifiers! {
            case "x":
                if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.cut(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            case "c":
                if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.copy(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            case "v":
                if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.paste(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            case "z":
                if NSApp.sendAction(Selector(("undo:")), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            case "a":
                if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSResponder.selectAll(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            default:
                break
            }
        }
        else if (event.modifierFlags.rawValue & NSEventModifierFlags.deviceIndependentFlagsMask.rawValue) == commandShiftKey {
            if event.charactersIgnoringModifiers == "Z" {
                if NSApp.sendAction(Selector(("redo:")), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            }
        }
    }
    return super.performKeyEquivalent(with: event)
 }
}

回答by Adrian

Improving on that CocoaRocket solution:

改进 CocoaRocket 解决方案：

The following saves having to subclass NSTextField and remembering to use the subclass throughout your application; it will also enable copy, paste and friends for other responders that handle them, eg. NSTextView.

下面的代码无需继承 NSTextField 并记住在整个应用程序中使用子类；它还将为处理它们的其他响应者启用复制、粘贴和好友功能，例如。NSTextView。

Put this in a subclass of NSApplication and alter the principal class in your Info.plist accordingly.

将其放在 NSApplication 的子类中，并相应地更改 Info.plist 中的主要类。

- (void) sendEvent:(NSEvent *)event {
    if ([event type] == NSKeyDown) {
        if (([event modifierFlags] & NSDeviceIndependentModifierFlagsMask) == NSCommandKeyMask) {
            if ([[event charactersIgnoringModifiers] isEqualToString:@"x"]) {
                if ([self sendAction:@selector(cut:) to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
            else if ([[event charactersIgnoringModifiers] isEqualToString:@"c"]) {
                if ([self sendAction:@selector(copy:) to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
            else if ([[event charactersIgnoringModifiers] isEqualToString:@"v"]) {
                if ([self sendAction:@selector(paste:) to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
            else if ([[event charactersIgnoringModifiers] isEqualToString:@"z"]) {
                if ([self sendAction:@selector(undo:) to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
            else if ([[event charactersIgnoringModifiers] isEqualToString:@"a"]) {
                if ([self sendAction:@selector(selectAll:) to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
        }
        else if (([event modifierFlags] & NSDeviceIndependentModifierFlagsMask) == (NSCommandKeyMask | NSShiftKeyMask)) {
            if ([[event charactersIgnoringModifiers] isEqualToString:@"Z"]) {
                if ([self sendAction:@selector(redo:) to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
        }
    }
    [super sendEvent:event];
}

// Blank Selectors to silence Xcode warnings: 'Undeclared selector undo:/redo:'
- (IBAction)undo:(id)sender {}
- (IBAction)redo:(id)sender {}

回答by Kuba Suder

I had the same problem as you, and I think I've managed to find a simpler solution. You just need to leave the original main menu in MainMenu.xib - it won't be displayed, but all the actions will be handled properly. The trick is that it needs to be the original one, if you just drag a new NSMenu from the library, the app won't recognize it as Main Menu and I have no idea how to mark it as such (if you uncheck LSUIElement, you'll see that it won't show up at the top if it's not the original one). If you've already deleted it, you can create a new sample app and drag a menu from its NIB, that works too.

我和你有同样的问题，我想我已经找到了一个更简单的解决方案。您只需要在 MainMenu.xib 中保留原始主菜单 - 它不会显示，但所有操作都会得到正确处理。诀窍是它需要是原始的，如果你只是从库中拖出一个新的 NSMenu，应用程序不会将它识别为主菜单，我不知道如何将它标记为这样（如果你取消选中 LSUIElement，如果它不是原始的，您会看到它不会显示在顶部）。如果你已经删除了它，你可以创建一个新的示例应用程序并从它的 NIB 中拖动一个菜单，这也有效。

回答by T Blank

I've improved Adrian's solution to work when Caps Lock is on as well:

我已经改进了 Adrian 的解决方案，以便在 Caps Lock 开启时也能正常工作：

- (void)sendEvent:(NSEvent *)event
{
    if (event.type == NSKeyDown)
    {
        NSString *inputKey = [event.charactersIgnoringModifiers lowercaseString];
        if ((event.modifierFlags & NSDeviceIndependentModifierFlagsMask) == NSCommandKeyMask ||
            (event.modifierFlags & NSDeviceIndependentModifierFlagsMask) == (NSCommandKeyMask | NSAlphaShiftKeyMask))
        {
            if ([inputKey isEqualToString:@"x"])
            {
                if ([self sendAction:@selector(cut:) to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
            else if ([inputKey isEqualToString:@"c"])
            {
                if ([self sendAction:@selector(copy:) to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
            else if ([inputKey isEqualToString:@"v"])
            {
                if ([self sendAction:@selector(paste:) to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
            else if ([inputKey isEqualToString:@"z"])
            {
                if ([self sendAction:NSSelectorFromString(@"undo:") to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
            else if ([inputKey isEqualToString:@"a"])
            {
                if ([self sendAction:@selector(selectAll:) to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
        }
        else if ((event.modifierFlags & NSDeviceIndependentModifierFlagsMask) == (NSCommandKeyMask | NSShiftKeyMask) ||
                 (event.modifierFlags & NSDeviceIndependentModifierFlagsMask) == (NSCommandKeyMask | NSShiftKeyMask | NSAlphaShiftKeyMask))
        {
            if ([inputKey isEqualToString:@"z"])
            {
                if ([self sendAction:NSSelectorFromString(@"redo:") to:nil from:self])
                    return;
            }
        }
    }
    [super sendEvent:event];
}

回答by josealobato

Thomas Kilian solution in swift 3.

斯威夫特 3 中的 Thomas Kilian 解决方案。

private let commandKey = NSEventModifierFlags.command.rawValue
private let commandShiftKey = NSEventModifierFlags.command.rawValue | NSEventModifierFlags.shift.rawValue
override func performKeyEquivalent(with event: NSEvent) -> Bool {
  if event.type == NSEventType.keyDown {
    if (event.modifierFlags.rawValue & NSEventModifierFlags.deviceIndependentFlagsMask.rawValue) == commandKey {
    switch event.charactersIgnoringModifiers! {
    case "x":
      if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.cut(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
    case "c":
      if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.copy(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
    case "v":
      if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.paste(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
    case "z":
      if NSApp.sendAction(Selector(("undo:")), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
    case "a":
      if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSResponder.selectAll(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
    default:
      break
    }
  }
  else if (event.modifierFlags.rawValue & NSEventModifierFlags.deviceIndependentFlagsMask.rawValue) == commandShiftKey {
    if event.charactersIgnoringModifiers == "Z" {
      if NSApp.sendAction(Selector(("redo:")), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
    }
  }
}
return super.performKeyEquivalent(with: event)
}

回答by Jay

Swift 4.2 for Thomas Kilian solution

Swift 4.2 for Thomas Kilian 解决方案

class MTextField: NSSecureTextField {

    private let commandKey = NSEvent.ModifierFlags.command.rawValue
    private let commandShiftKey = NSEvent.ModifierFlags.command.rawValue | NSEvent.ModifierFlags.shift.rawValue

    override func performKeyEquivalent(with event: NSEvent) -> Bool {
        if event.type == NSEvent.EventType.keyDown {
            if (event.modifierFlags.rawValue & NSEvent.ModifierFlags.deviceIndependentFlagsMask.rawValue) == commandKey {
                switch event.charactersIgnoringModifiers! {
                case "x":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.cut(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
                case "c":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.copy(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
                case "v":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.paste(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
                case "z":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(Selector(("undo:")), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
                case "a":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSResponder.selectAll(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
                default:
                    break
                }
            }
            else if (event.modifierFlags.rawValue & NSEvent.ModifierFlags.deviceIndependentFlagsMask.rawValue) == commandShiftKey {
                if event.charactersIgnoringModifiers == "Z" {
                    if NSApp.sendAction(Selector(("redo:")), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
                }
            }
        }
        return super.performKeyEquivalent(with: event)
    }

}

回答by Lukx

Here's a quick step-by-step guide for swift, based on the excellent answers by @Adrian, Travis B and Thomas Kilian.

这是 swift 的快速分步指南，基于@Adrian、Travis B 和 Thomas Kilian 的出色回答。

The goal will be to subclass the NSApplication, instead of the NSTextField. Once you have created this class, do link it in your "principal Class" setting of the Info.plist, as stated by Adrian. As opposed to the Objective-C folks, we swiftlers will have to add an additional prefix to the principalClass configuration. So, because my Project is called "Foo", I am going to set "Principal Class" to "Foo.MyApplication". You will get an "Class MyApplication not found" runtime error otherwise.

目标是继承 NSApplication，而不是 NSTextField。一旦你创建了这个类，就像 Adrian 所说的那样，将它链接到 Info.plist 的“主要类”设置中。与 Objective-C 的人相反，我们 swiftlers 将不得不为 principalClass 配置添加一个额外的前缀。所以，因为我的项目被称为“Foo”，我将把“Principal Class”设置为“Foo.MyApplication”。否则，您将收到“未找到 Class MyApplication”运行时错误。

The contents of MyApplication read as follows (copied and adapted from all the answers given so far)

MyApplication 的内容如下（从迄今为止给出的所有答案中复制和改编）

import Cocoa

class MyApplication: NSApplication {
    override func sendEvent(event: NSEvent) {
        if event.type == NSEventType.KeyDown {
            if (event.modifierFlags & NSEventModifierFlags.DeviceIndependentModifierFlagsMask == NSEventModifierFlags.CommandKeyMask) {
                switch event.charactersIgnoringModifiers!.lowercaseString {
                case "x":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("cut:"), to:nil, from:self) { return }
                case "c":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("copy:"), to:nil, from:self) { return }
                case "v":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("paste:"), to:nil, from:self) { return }
                case "z":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("undo:"), to:nil, from:self) { return }
                case "a":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("selectAll:"), to:nil, from:self) { return }
                default:
                    break
                }
            }
            else if (event.modifierFlags & NSEventModifierFlags.DeviceIndependentModifierFlagsMask == (NSEventModifierFlags.CommandKeyMask | NSEventModifierFlags.ShiftKeyMask)) {
                if event.charactersIgnoringModifiers == "Z" {
                    if NSApp.sendAction(Selector("redo:"), to:nil, from:self) { return }
                }
            }
        }
        return super.sendEvent(event)
    }

}

回答by memoris

Xcode10/Swift 4.2 solution:

Xcode10/Swift 4.2 解决方案：

import Cocoa

extension NSTextView {
override open func performKeyEquivalent(with event: NSEvent) -> Bool {
    let commandKey = NSEvent.ModifierFlags.command.rawValue
    let commandShiftKey = NSEvent.ModifierFlags.command.rawValue | NSEvent.ModifierFlags.shift.rawValue
    if event.type == NSEvent.EventType.keyDown {
        if (event.modifierFlags.rawValue & NSEvent.ModifierFlags.deviceIndependentFlagsMask.rawValue) == commandKey {
            switch event.charactersIgnoringModifiers! {
            case "x":
                if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.cut(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            case "c":
                if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.copy(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            case "v":
                if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.paste(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            case "z":
                if NSApp.sendAction(Selector(("undo:")), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            case "a":
                if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSResponder.selectAll(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            default:
                break
            }
        } else if (event.modifierFlags.rawValue & NSEvent.ModifierFlags.deviceIndependentFlagsMask.rawValue) == commandShiftKey {
            if event.charactersIgnoringModifiers == "Z" {
                if NSApp.sendAction(Selector(("redo:")), to:nil, from:self) { return true }
            }
        }
    }
    return super.performKeyEquivalent(with: event)
}
}

回答by Chris

No need to add a new class, extension or really any code at all.

根本不需要添加新的类、扩展或任何代码。

1. Just add a new MenuItems in one of your menus and name them 'Copy', 'Cut' and 'Paste'.
2. Add the correct shortcut keys to each item.
3. Control+drag to connect them up to the corresponding methods listed under first responder.

1. 只需在其中一个菜单中添加一个新的 MenuItems，并将它们命名为“复制”、“剪切”和“粘贴”。
2. 为每个项目添加正确的快捷键。
3. Control+drag 将它们连接到第一响应者下列出的相应方法。

The bonus here is that the items are not hidden from your users, and this takes less time that creating a new class and reassigning all of your existing TextFields to it.

这里的好处是这些项目不会对您的用户隐藏，这比创建新类并将所有现有 TextField 重新分配给它花费的时间更少。

回答by Subhash Chandran

I explain what worked for me in XCode 8 / Swift 3.

我解释了在 XCode 8 / Swift 3 中什么对我有用。

I created MyApplication.swiftinside my project folder MyApp:

我MyApplication.swift在我的项目文件夹中创建MyApp：

import Foundation
import Cocoa

class MyApplication: NSApplication {
    override func sendEvent(_ event: NSEvent) {
        if event.type == NSEventType.keyDown {

            if (event.modifierFlags.contains(NSEventModifierFlags.command)) {
                switch event.charactersIgnoringModifiers!.lowercased() {
                case "x":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.cut(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return }
                case "c":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.copy(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return }
                case "v":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.paste(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return }
                case "a":
                    if NSApp.sendAction(#selector(NSText.selectAll(_:)), to:nil, from:self) { return }
                default:
                    break
                }
            }
        }
        return super.sendEvent(event)
    }

}

Then change the Info.plistPrincipal classto MyApp.MyApplication. Build, and run to validate that my text fields and text views have support for Cmd + X, Cmd + C, Cmd + Vand Cmd + A.

然后将 更改Info.plistPrincipal class为MyApp.MyApplication。编译和运行来验证我的文本框和文本视图有支持的Cmd + X，Cmd + C，Cmd + V和Cmd + A。