windows 在批处理脚本中生成带有时间戳的唯一文件名
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原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1642677/
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Generate unique file name with timestamp in batch script
提问by Assaf Lavie
In my .bat file I want to generate a unique name for files/directories based on date-time.
在我的 .bat 文件中，我想根据日期时间为文件/目录生成一个唯一的名称。
e.g.
例如
Build-2009-10-29-10-59-00
The problem is that %TIME%won't do because it contains characters that are illegal in filename (e.g. :).
问题是这%TIME%行不通，因为它包含文件名中非法的字符（例如:）。
Is there something like trin batch files?
tr批处理文件中有类似的东西吗？
Any other ideas how to solve this (that don't require extra command line utilities aside from the batch interpreter)?
如何解决这个问题的任何其他想法（除了批处理解释器之外不需要额外的命令行实用程序）？
回答by Joey
EDIT: A better way of doing this is to take a date/time string that has a defined and unchanging format instead of using the locale-defined ones from %date%and %time%. You can use the following to get it:
编辑：这样做的更好方法是采用具有定义和不变格式的日期/时间字符串，而不是使用来自%date%和的区域设置定义的%time%。您可以使用以下方法来获取它：
for /f "skip=1" %%x in ('wmic os get localdatetime') do if not defined mydate set mydate=%%x
It yields something like 20120730203126.530000+120and you can use that to construct your file names.
它产生类似的东西20120730203126.530000+120，您可以使用它来构造您的文件名。
(Old answer below)
（下面的旧答案）
You can simply replace the offending character with an empty string:
您可以简单地用空字符串替换有问题的字符：
echo %time::=%
The syntax %var:str1=str2%takes the environment variable (or pseudo-variable in case of %TIME%and replaces str1by str2. If nothing follows after the equals sign then str1is simply deleted.
语法%var:str1=str2%采用环境变量（或在情况下为伪变量%TIME%并替换str1为str2。如果等号后没有任何内容，str1则简单地删除。
In your specific case I think you'd want the following:
在您的具体情况下，我认为您需要以下内容：
rem cut off fractional seconds
set t=%time:~0,8%
rem replace colons with dashes
set t=%t::=-%
set FileName=Build-%date%-%t%
A more brute-force way in case you don't know whether colons are used (but the order of the time would be the same):
如果您不知道是否使用了冒号（但时间顺序是相同的），则采用更强力的方法：
set FileName=Build-%date%-%time:~0,2%-%time:~3,2%-%time:~6,2%
All preceding things, however, assume that you use standard ISO 8601 date format, i.?e. 2009-10-29. I'd assume this as simply normal, but some people use other formats so be careful. But since you didn't ask about the date I was assuming you didn't have a problem there.
但是，前面的所有内容都假定您使用标准 ISO 8601 日期格式，即 2009-10-29。我认为这很正常，但有些人使用其他格式，所以要小心。但是由于您没有询问日期，我假设您在那里没有问题。
回答by Evgeni Sergeev
Following up on @Joey's and @Kees' answers to make them instantly usable.
跟进@Joey 和@Kees 的回答，使它们立即可用。
On the command line:
在命令行上：
FOR /f %a IN ('WMIC OS GET LocalDateTime ^| FIND "."') DO SET DTS=%a
SET DateTime=%DTS:~0,4%-%DTS:~4,2%-%DTS:~6,2%_%DTS:~8,2%-%DTS:~10,2%-%DTS:~12,2%
echo %DateTime%
In a BAT file:
在 BAT 文件中：
@echo off
REM See http://stackoverflow.com/q/1642677/1143274
FOR /f %%a IN ('WMIC OS GET LocalDateTime ^| FIND "."') DO SET DTS=%%a
SET DateTime=%DTS:~0,4%-%DTS:~4,2%-%DTS:~6,2%_%DTS:~8,2%-%DTS:~10,2%-%DTS:~12,2%
echo %DateTime%
Example output:
示例输出：
2014-10-21_16-28-52
回答by Ben
I use this to create a unique file name for the execution of the batch file.
我用它来为批处理文件的执行创建一个唯一的文件名。
REM ****Set up Logging ****
For /f "tokens=2-4 delims=/ " %%a in ('date /t') do (set mydate=%%c-%%a-%%b)
For /f "tokens=1-2 delims=/:" %%a in ("%TIME%") do (set mytime=%%a%%b)
set mytime=%mytime: =0%
set Logname="PCCU_%mydate%_%mytime%.log"
Echo. >>%Logname% 2>>&1
Echo.=================== >>%Logname% 2>>&1
I had to add the line
我不得不添加行
set mytime=%mytime: =0%
because I had the same problem where a blank was being entered before 10 AM, now I get 09 instead of 9. I also reuse the %mydate% and %mytime% variable for other files that I create with this script so that they all have the same date time stamp.
因为我遇到了同样的问题，在上午 10 点之前输入了一个空白，现在我得到了 09 而不是 9。我还为我使用此脚本创建的其他文件重用了 %mydate% 和 %mytime% 变量，以便它们都有相同的日期时间戳。
回答by Kees
This routine, actually only one line, works on every system set to any date or time format.
Output of line 1 is in format 20140725095527.710000+120
这个例程实际上只有一行，适用于设置为任何日期或时间格式的每个系统。
第 1 行的输出格式为 20140725095527.710000+120
The actual date/time format you need is determined in line 2. You can format it however you want.
Just add the resulting DateTime variable to your filename ie. Filename_%DateTime%.log
您需要的实际日期/时间格式在第 2 行中确定。您可以根据需要对其进行格式化。
只需将生成的 DateTime 变量添加到您的文件名，即。文件名_%DateTime%.log
::=======================================================================
::== CREATE UNIQUE DateTime STRING IN FORMAT YYYYMMDD-HHMMSS
::=======================================================================
FOR /f %%a IN ('WMIC OS GET LocalDateTime ^| FIND "."') DO SET DTS=%%a
SET DateTime=%DTS:~0,8%-%DTS:~8,6% | REM OUTPUT = 20140725-095527
回答by Ariful Huq
I made this universal, Will work on any environment where date format may be different.
我使这个通用，适用于日期格式可能不同的任何环境。
echo off
if not exist "C:\SWLOG\" mkdir C:\SWLOG
cd C:\SWLOG\
cmd /c "powershell get-date -format ^"{yyyyMMdd-HHmmss}^""> result.txt
REM echo %time% > result.txt
type result.txt > result1.txt
set /p filename=<result1.txt
echo %filename%
del C:\SWLOG\result.txt
del C:\SWLOG\result1.txt
回答by Stewart
To make the code in the previous example work, I needed to adjust slightly. I presume this is because my PC is using a UK date format. To get back "2014-04-19" in mydate I needed:
为了使上一个示例中的代码正常工作，我需要稍微调整一下。我认为这是因为我的 PC 使用的是英国日期格式。要在 mydate 中取回“2014-04-19”，我需要：
For /f "tokens=1-3 delims=/ " %%a in ('date /t') do (set mydate=%%c-%%b-%%a)
Below I've pasted my total script, and included an example of how to use the filename
下面我粘贴了我的总脚本，并包含了一个如何使用文件名的示例
For /f "tokens=1-3 delims=/ " %%a in ('date /t') do (set mydate=%%c-%%b-%%a)
For /f "tokens=1-2 delims=/:" %%a in ("%TIME%") do (set mytime=%%a%%b)
set mytime=%mytime: =0%
set Logname="c:\temp\LogFiles\MyLogFile_%mydate%_%mytime%.log"
Robocopy \sourceserver\Music H:\MyBackups\Music /MIR /FFT /Z /XA:H /W:5 /np /fp /dcopy:T /unilog:%Logname% /tee
Hope this helps!
希望这可以帮助！
回答by Colin Basnett
If you can guaranteethat the machine has a specific version of Python installed on it and accessible in the system's PATH, you can use this solution:
如果你能保证机器上安装了特定版本的 Python 并且可以在系统的 中访问PATH，你可以使用这个解决方案：
FOR /F "tokens=* USEBACKQ" %%F IN (`python -c "import datetime; print
datetime.datetime.now().replace(microsecond=0).isoformat().replace(':', '-')"`) DO (
SET TIMESTAMP=%%F
)
ECHO %TIMESTAMP%
This will put the current local ISO-8601(ish) date representation into a %TIMESTAMP%variable and echo it out, like so:
这会将当前的本地ISO-8601(ish) 日期表示形式放入一个%TIMESTAMP%变量中并将其回显出来，如下所示：
2017-05-25T14:54:37
I've put replace(':', '-')after the isoformat()so that the resultant string can be used in a filename or directory, since :is a forbidden character in the Windows filesystem.
我已将其放在replace(':', '-')后面，isoformat()以便可以在文件名或目录中使用结果字符串，因为它:是 Windows 文件系统中的禁止字符。
