python xml.dom.minidom：获取 CDATA 值
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xml.dom.minidom: Getting CDATA values
提问by Jason Coon
I'm able to get the value in the image tag (see XML below), but not the Category tag. The difference is one is a CDATA section and the other is just a string. Any help would be appreciated.
我能够获取图像标签中的值（请参阅下面的 XML），但不能获取 Category 标签中的值。区别在于一个是 CDATA 部分，另一个只是一个字符串。任何帮助，将不胜感激。
from xml.dom import minidom
xml = """<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<ProductData>
<ITEM Id="0471195">
<Category>
<![CDATA[Homogenizers]]>
</Category>
<Image>
0471195.jpg
</Image>
</ITEM>
<ITEM Id="0471195">
<Category>
<![CDATA[Homogenizers]]>
</Category>
<Image>
0471196.jpg
</Image>
</ITEM>
</ProductData>
"""
bad_xml_item_count = 0
data = {}
xml_data = minidom.parseString(xml).getElementsByTagName('ProductData')
parts = xml_data[0].getElementsByTagName('ITEM')
for p in parts:
try:
part_id = p.attributes['Id'].value.strip()
except(KeyError):
bad_xml_item_count += 1
continue
if not part_id:
bad_xml_item_count += 1
continue
part_image = p.getElementsByTagName('Image')[0].firstChild.nodeValue.strip()
part_category = p.getElementsByTagName('Category')[0].firstChild.data.strip()
print '\t'.join([part_id, part_category, part_image])
回答by bobince
p.getElementsByTagName('Category')[0].firstChild
p.getElementsByTagName('Category')[0].firstChild
minidom does not flatten away <![CDATA[ sections to plain text, it leaves them as DOM CDATASection nodes. (Arguably it should, at least optionally. DOM Level 3 LS defaults to flattening them, for what it's worth, but minidom is much older than DOM L3.)
minidom 不会将 <![CDATA[ 部分扁平化为纯文本，而是将它们保留为 DOM CDATASection 节点。（可以说它应该，至少是可选的。DOM Level 3 LS 默认将它们展平，因为它的价值，但 minidom 比 DOM L3 老得多。）
So the firstChild of Category is a Text node representing the whitespace between the <Category> open tag and the start of the CDATA section. It has two siblings: the CDATASection node, and another trailing whitespace Text node.
因此，Category 的 firstChild 是一个 Text 节点，表示 <Category> 开始标记和 CDATA 部分开头之间的空白。它有两个兄弟节点：CDATASection 节点和另一个尾随空白文本节点。
What you probably want is the textual data of all children of Category. In DOM Level 3 Core you'd just call:
您可能想要的是 Category 的所有子项的文本数据。在 DOM Level 3 Core 中，您只需调用：
p.getElementsByTagName('Category')[0].textContent
but minidom doesn't support that yet. Recent versions do, however, support another Level 3 method you can use to do the same thing in a more roundabout way:
但是 minidom 还不支持。但是，最近的版本确实支持另一种级别 3 方法，您可以使用它以更迂回的方式执行相同的操作：
p.getElementsByTagName('Category')[0].firstChild.wholeText
回答by ironfroggy
CDATA is its own node, so the Category elements here actually have three children, a whitespace text node, the CDATA node, and another whitespace node. You're just looking at the wrong one, is all. I don't see any more obvious way to query for the CDATA node, but you can pull it out like this:
CDATA 是它自己的节点，所以这里的 Category 元素实际上有三个子节点，一个空白文本节点、CDATA 节点和另一个空白节点。你只是看错了，就是这样。我没有看到任何更明显的查询 CDATA 节点的方法，但您可以像这样将其拉出：
[n for n in category.childNodes if n.nodeType==category.CDATA_SECTION_NODE][0]
回答by BBog
I've ran into a similar problem. My solution was similar to what ironfroggy answered, but implemented in a more general fashion:
我遇到了类似的问题。我的解决方案类似于 Ironfroggy 的回答，但以更通用的方式实现：
for node in parentNode.childNodes:
if node.nodeType == 4:
cdataContent = node.data.strip()
CDATA's node type is 4 (CDATA_SECTION_NODE)
CDATA 的节点类型为 4 ( CDATA_SECTION_NODE)
