C++ [Windows] 可执行文件所在文件夹的路径
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C++ [Windows] Path to the folder where the executable is located
提问by asas
I need to access some files with fstreamin my C++ app on Windows. Those files are all located in subfolders of the folder where my exe file is located.
我需要fstream在 Windows 上的 C++ 应用程序中访问一些文件。这些文件都位于我的 exe 文件所在文件夹的子文件夹中。
- What is the easiest and more important: safest way to get the path to the folder of the current executable?
- 什么是最简单和更重要的：获取当前可执行文件文件夹路径的最安全方法？
回答by sean e
Use GetModuleFileNameto find out where your exe is running from.
使用GetModuleFileName找出您的 exe 从哪里运行。
WCHAR path[MAX_PATH];
GetModuleFileNameW(NULL, path, MAX_PATH);
Then strip the exe name from path.
然后从路径中删除 exe 名称。
回答by Nate
GetThisPath.h
GetThisPath.h
/// dest is expected to be MAX_PATH in length.
/// returns dest
/// TCHAR dest[MAX_PATH];
/// GetThisPath(dest, MAX_PATH);
TCHAR* GetThisPath(TCHAR* dest, size_t destSize);
GetThisPath.cpp
GetThisPath.cpp
#include <Shlwapi.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "shlwapi.lib")
TCHAR* GetThisPath(TCHAR* dest, size_t destSize)
{
if (!dest) return NULL;
if (MAX_PATH > destSize) return NULL;
DWORD length = GetModuleFileName( NULL, dest, destSize );
PathRemoveFileSpec(dest);
return dest;
}
mainProgram.cpp
mainProgram.cpp
TCHAR dest[MAX_PATH];
GetThisPath(dest, MAX_PATH);
Update: PathRemoveFileSpecis deprecated in Windows 8. However the replacement, PathCchRemoveFileSpec, is available in Windows 8+ only. (Thanks to @askalee for the comment)
更新：PathRemoveFileSpec在 Windows 8 中已弃用。但是替代品PathCchRemoveFileSpec仅在 Windows 8+ 中可用。（感谢@askalee 的评论）
I think this code below might work, but I'm leaving the above code up there until the below code is vetted. I don't have a compiler set up to test this at the moment. If you have a chance to test this code, please post a comment saying if this below code worked and on what operating system you tested. Thanks!
我认为下面的这段代码可能有效，但我将上面的代码留在那里，直到下面的代码经过。我目前没有设置编译器来测试这个。如果您有机会测试此代码，请发表评论，说明以下代码是否有效以及您测试的操作系统。谢谢！
GetThisPath.h
GetThisPath.h
/// dest is expected to be MAX_PATH in length.
/// returns dest
/// TCHAR dest[MAX_PATH];
/// GetThisPath(dest, MAX_PATH);
TCHAR* GetThisPath(TCHAR* dest, size_t destSize);
GetThisPath.cpp
GetThisPath.cpp
#include <Shlwapi.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "shlwapi.lib")
TCHAR* GetThisPath(TCHAR* dest, size_t destSize)
{
if (!dest) return NULL;
DWORD length = GetModuleFileName( NULL, dest, destSize );
#if (NTDDI_VERSION >= NTDDI_WIN8)
PathCchRemoveFileSpec(dest, destSize);
#else
if (MAX_PATH > destSize) return NULL;
PathRemoveFileSpec(dest);
#endif
return dest;
}
mainProgram.cpp
mainProgram.cpp
TCHAR dest[MAX_PATH];
GetThisPath(dest, MAX_PATH);
- NTDDI_WIN8from this answer
- Thanks @Warpspace for the suggested change!
- NTDDI_WIN8来自这个答案
- 感谢@Warpspace 提出的更改建议！
回答by KevenK
By default, the directory that the exe is run from should be the starting location. So opening a file in a subfolder should be as easy as
默认情况下，运行 exe 的目录应该是起始位置。所以打开子文件夹中的文件应该像
fstream infile;
infile.open(".\subfolder\filename.ext");
from within your program.
从你的程序中。
However, there is no real way to GUARANTEE this will always work unless you either use a framework that wraps the needed features (I'd look at boost), or using the Windows API directly such as GetModuleFileName(as sean e suggested)
但是，没有真正的方法来保证这将始终有效，除非您使用包含所需功能的框架（我会查看 boost），或者直接使用 Windows API，例如GetModuleFileName（如 sean e 建议的那样）
