我已经通过 MacPorts 安装了 PostgreSQL，但无法访问它
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I have installed PostgreSQL via MacPorts, but cannot access it
提问by Anton Egorov
As I said in title, I've installed PostgreSQL usind MacPorts, but cannot access it.
正如我在标题中所说，我已经使用 MacPorts 安装了 PostgreSQL，但无法访问它。
The installation process was
安装过程是
$ sudo port install postgresql83-server
$ sudo mkdir -p /opt/local/var/db/postgresql83/webcraft
$ sudo chown postgres:postgres /opt/local/var/db/postgresql83/webcraft
$ sudo su postgres -c '/opt/local/lib/postgresql83/bin/initdb -D /opt/local/var/db/postgresql83/webcraft'
$ sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.postgresql83-server.plist
My PATH is
我的路径是
/opt/local/lib/postgresql83/bin:/opt/local/lib/mysql5/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin
I try to connect the server using psql client
我尝试使用 psql 客户端连接服务器
$ psql
psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
Is the server running locally and accepting
connections on Unix domain socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"?
Here is some info
这是一些信息
$ ps ax | grep postgres | grep -v grep
52 ?? Ss 0:00.00 /opt/local/bin/daemondo --label=postgresql83-server --start-cmd /opt/local/etc/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.postgresql83-server/postgresql83-server.wrapper start ; --stop-cmd /opt/local/etc/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.postgresql83-server/postgresql83-server.wrapper stop ; --restart-cmd /opt/local/etc/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.postgresql83-server/postgresql83-server.wrapper restart ; --pid=none
回答by Hassan Shahid
Did you try running:
您是否尝试运行：
which psql
I imagine psql is still referencing /usr/bin/psql, and the macports version of psql is suffixed with the version number, in your case psql83. You can alias psql to psql83 as a simple workaround. Better would be to change the default:
我想 psql 仍在引用/usr/bin/psql，并且 psql 的 macports 版本后缀为版本号，在您的情况下为 psql83。您可以将 psql 别名为 psql83 作为一种简单的解决方法。更好的是更改默认值：
sudo port select --set postgresql postgresql83
That will do the proper routing.
这将进行正确的路由。
回答by jdolan
There is a very easy solution to this, but it's not well documented in my opinion:
对此有一个非常简单的解决方案，但我认为它没有得到很好的记录：
MacPorts encourages installing their *_selectports to manage potentially multiple versions of software (say you want Postgres93 and Postgres94 at the same time). It's a great feature, but it adds an extra step that is for some reason rarely mentioned in the docs:
MacPorts 鼓励安装他们的*_select端口来管理潜在的多个版本的软件（假设您同时需要 Postgres93 和 Postgres94）。这是一个很棒的功能，但它增加了一个额外的步骤，由于某种原因在文档中很少提到：
$ sudo port install postgresql94-server
Many failed attempts at starting the server later..
稍后启动服务器的许多尝试都失败了..
$ sudo port install postgresql_select
$ sudo port select postgresql
Available versions for postgresql:
none (active)
postgresql94
Well that can't be good!
嗯，这不可能是好事！
$ sudo port select postgresql postgresql94
$ sudo port load postgresql94-server
You're kidding me. Now it's running?
你在逗我。现在运行了吗？
Simply installing Postgres doesn't fully setup symlinks to make it easily runnable. Installing postrgresql_selectgives MacPorts the information it needs to do that via port select. Once you've selected the active version of your choice, starting the Posgres server via luanchctlis as easy as port load postgresqlXX-server.
简单地安装 Postgres 并不能完全设置符号链接以使其易于运行。安装postrgresql_select为 MacPorts 提供了通过port select. 一旦您选择了您选择的活动版本，启动 Posgres 服务器luanchctl就像port load postgresqlXX-server.
回答by rwl4
I know this is a very late answer and doesn't answer your full question, but launchctl will show different results depending on if you are superuser or not.
我知道这是一个很晚的答案，并没有回答您的完整问题，但是 launchctl 会显示不同的结果，具体取决于您是否是超级用户。
Try doing:
尝试做：
sudo launchctl list | grep postgres
sudo launchctl 列表 | grep postgres
回答by Robert Reiz
I had exactly the same problem on my MacBook Pro. I could resolve the problem after I rode this blog post here and all the comments:
我在 MacBook Pro 上遇到了完全相同的问题。在我将这篇博客文章和所有评论发布到此处后，我可以解决问题：
http://benscheirman.com/2010/06/installing-postgresql-for-rails-on-mac-os-x
http://benscheirman.com/2010/06/installing-postgresql-for-rails-on-mac-os-x
The Problem is that postgres is not really running. I recognized this after I did a port scan to my own machine and realized that nothing is running on Port 5432.
问题是 postgres 并没有真正运行。在对自己的机器进行端口扫描后，我意识到了这一点，并意识到端口 5432 上没有任何运行。
I created a small script "start_pg_server.sh":
我创建了一个小脚本“start_pg_server.sh”：
#!/bin/sh
sudo su postgres -c 'pg_ctl start -D /opt/local/var/db/postgresql83/defaultdb/'
after executing this script the server was running and I could connect me with pgAdmin. I was also able to run my ruby stuff with rake db:create and rake db:migrate.
执行此脚本后，服务器正在运行，我可以使用 pgAdmin 连接我。我还可以使用 rake db:create 和 rake db:migrate 运行我的 ruby 东西。
回答by Moritz
After I restored using Timemachine I had the same problem. The reason was that the permissions were mangled and postgres could not write the pid file. Running this solved it for me:
使用 Timemachine 恢复后，我遇到了同样的问题。原因是权限被破坏，postgres 无法写入 pid 文件。运行它为我解决了它：
sudo chown -R postgres:postgres /opt/local/var/db/postgresql91/
sudo port unload postgresql91-server
sudo port load postgresql91-server
回答by rwl4
Did you by any chance create your postgres user with a shell of /usr/bin/false? If so, the startup script won't work because it uses su which passes commands you send it through the shell.
您是否有机会使用 /usr/bin/false 的外壳创建您的 postgres 用户？如果是这样，启动脚本将无法工作，因为它使用 su 传递您通过 shell 发送的命令。
If you did set it to /usr/bin/false, try changing it to /bin/bash and that might fix things.
如果您确实将其设置为 /usr/bin/false，请尝试将其更改为 /bin/bash，这可能会解决问题。
