php laravel 4 -> 获取列名
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laravel 4 -> get column names
提问by Centurion
How to get column names of a table in an array or object in Laravel 4 , using Schema, DB, or Eloquent.
如何在 Laravel 4 中使用 Schema、DB 或 Eloquent 获取数组或对象中表的列名。
It seems that I can't find a ready to use function, maybe you have some custom implementations.
好像找不到现成的函数，也许你有一些自定义的实现。
Thx.
谢谢。
回答by Antonio Carlos Ribeiro
New Answer
新答案
At the time I gave this answer Laravel hadn't a way to do this directly, but now you can just:
在我给出这个答案的时候，Laravel 没有办法直接做到这一点，但现在你可以：
$columns = Schema::getColumnListing('users');
Old Answer
旧答案
Using attributes won't work because if you do
使用属性将不起作用，因为如果你这样做
$model = new ModelName;
You have no attributes set to that model and you'll get nothing.
您没有为该模型设置任何属性，您将一无所获。
Then there is still no real option for that, so I had to go down to the database level and this is my BaseModel:
然后仍然没有真正的选择，所以我不得不深入到数据库级别，这是我的 BaseModel：
<?php
class BaseModel extends \Eloquent {
public function getAllColumnsNames()
{
switch (DB::connection()->getConfig('driver')) {
case 'pgsql':
$query = "SELECT column_name FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = '".$this->table."'";
$column_name = 'column_name';
$reverse = true;
break;
case 'mysql':
$query = 'SHOW COLUMNS FROM '.$this->table;
$column_name = 'Field';
$reverse = false;
break;
case 'sqlsrv':
$parts = explode('.', $this->table);
$num = (count($parts) - 1);
$table = $parts[$num];
$query = "SELECT column_name FROM ".DB::connection()->getConfig('database').".INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME = N'".$table."'";
$column_name = 'column_name';
$reverse = false;
break;
default:
$error = 'Database driver not supported: '.DB::connection()->getConfig('driver');
throw new Exception($error);
break;
}
$columns = array();
foreach(DB::select($query) as $column)
{
$columns[] = $column->$column_name;
}
if($reverse)
{
$columns = array_reverse($columns);
}
return $columns;
}
}
Use it doing:
使用它做：
$model = User::find(1);
dd( $model->getAllColumnsNames() );
回答by The Alpha
You may try Schema::getColumnListing('tablename'):
你可以试试Schema::getColumnListing('tablename')：
$columns = Schema::getColumnListing('users'); // users table
dd($columns); // dump the result and die
Result would be something like this depending on your table:
结果将是这样的，具体取决于您的表：
array (size=12)
0 => string 'id' (length=2)
1 => string 'role_id' (length=7)
2 => string 'first_name' (length=10)
3 => string 'last_name' (length=9)
4 => string 'email' (length=5)
5 => string 'username' (length=8)
6 => string 'password' (length=8)
7 => string 'remember_token' (length=14)
8 => string 'bio' (length=3)
9 => string 'created_at' (length=10)
10 => string 'updated_at' (length=10)
11 => string 'deleted_at' (length=10)
回答by ceejayoz
You can dig down into DB's Doctrine instance.
您可以深入了解 DB 的 Doctrine 实例。
$columns = DB::connection()
->getDoctrineSchemaManager()
->listTableColumns('table');
foreach($columns as $column) {
print $column->getName();
print $column->getType()->getName();
print $column->getDefault();
print $column->getLength();
}
edit:Doctrine is no longer (as of L4.1) installed by default (it's a 'suggested' rather than 'required' package), but can be added to your composer.jsonas doctrine/dbalto retain this functionality.
编辑：默认情况下不再安装 Doctrine（从 L4.1 开始）（它是“建议的”而不是“必需的”包），但可以添加到您的composer.jsonas 中doctrine/dbal以保留此功能。
回答by windmaomao
I know it might not be the answer for everyone, but maybe you can grab one record, and get all keys of the data. Ex.
我知道这可能不是每个人的答案，但也许您可以抓取一条记录，并获取数据的所有键。前任。
array_keys(User::first()->toArray());
回答by Sajan Parikh
I think there's a couple different options, if you are using an Eloquent model, you can look at the getAccessibleAttributes()method, which in theory would give you all the columns of a model consider Eloquent seems them as properties.
我认为有几个不同的选择，如果您使用的是 Eloquent 模型，您可以查看该getAccessibleAttributes()方法，理论上该方法将为您提供模型的所有列，将 Eloquent 视为属性。
For example, you'd be able to do something like this for your users table on a User Eloquent model.
例如，您可以在 User Eloquent 模型上为您的 users 表执行类似的操作。
$user = // Retrieve your User model.
$columns = User->getAccessibleAttributes();
Another Eloquent method to look at that's similar, but doesn't have the 'accessibility' requirement is the attributesToArray()method. The returned array of which should have your columns as a key. Then you can use the PHP function array_keys()to build an array of the keys, which would be your columns.
另一个类似的 Eloquent 方法是方法，但没有“可访问性”要求attributesToArray()。返回的数组应该以您的列作为键。然后您可以使用 PHP 函数array_keys()构建一个键数组，这将是您的列。
$user = // Retrieve your User model.
$columns = array_keys(User::attributesToArray());
回答by Mike Rockétt
回答by 1210mk2
If you have a Model instance you can retrieve like following:
如果你有一个 Model 实例，你可以像下面这样检索：
$table_name = $model->getTable();
$connection = $model->getConnection();
$schemaBulder = $connection->getSchemaBuilder();
$columns_array = $schemaBulder->getColumnListing($table_name);
works for Laravel 5
适用于 Laravel 5
回答by gvsrepins
You also can try this:
你也可以试试这个：
abstract class BaseModel extends Eloquent {
public function getColumnsNames()
{
$connection = DB::connection();
$connection->getSchemaBuilder();
$table = $connection->getTablePrefix() . $this->table;
$grammar = $connection->getSchemaGrammar();
$results = $connection->select($grammar->compileColumnExists(), array($connection->getDatabaseName(), $table));
return $connection->getPostProcessor()->processColumnListing($results);
}
}
回答by adam
I use SQL Server and the Schema way worked for me:
我使用 SQL Server 和 Schema 方式为我工作：
$columns = array_keys(Schema::getConnection()
->getDoctrineSchemaManager()
->listTableColumns($yourModel->getTable()) );
