Ruby-on-rails 在 rails 中使用 RSpec 和 Capybara 时未定义的方法“访问”

undefined method `visit' when using RSpec and Capybara in rails

提问by lightswitch05

I can't get capybara working with rspec. It gives me this error:

我无法让水豚与 rspec 一起工作。它给了我这个错误：

undefined method `visit' for #<RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup::Nested_1:0x16529f8 @example=nil>

I know there are lots of posts about this but non of the solutions are working for me. Most of them involve the specs not being in /spec/features - which mine is in.

我知道有很多关于此的帖子，但没有一个解决方案对我有用。它们中的大多数都涉及不在 /spec/features 中的规范——我的在其中。

First the error:

首先是错误：

$bundle exec rspec spec
F

Failures:

  1) security signs users in
     Failure/Error: visit "/sessions/new"
     NoMethodError:
       undefined method `visit' for #<RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup::Nested_1:0x16529f8 @example=nil>
     # ./spec/features/security_spec.rb:4:in `(root)'

 Finished in 0.006 seconds
 1 example, 1 failure

Failed examples:

rspec ./spec/features/security_spec.rb:3 # security signs users in

I think its important to note that at first I was using the URL Helper 'new_sessions_path' and it kept giving me an error undefined local variable or method 'new_sessions_path'. I know it is valid because:

我认为重要的是要注意，起初我使用的是 URL Helper 'new_sessions_path' 并且它一直给我一个错误undefined local variable or method 'new_sessions_path'。我知道它是有效的，因为：

$ rake routes
logout_sessions GET    /sessions/logout(.:format) sessions#logout
       sessions POST   /sessions(.:format)        sessions#create
   new_sessions GET    /sessions/new(.:format)    sessions#new
      contracts POST   /contracts(.:format)       contracts#create
  new_contracts GET    /contracts/new(.:format)   contracts#new
 edit_contracts GET    /contracts/edit(.:format)  contracts#edit
                GET    /contracts(.:format)       contracts#show
                PUT    /contracts(.:format)       contracts#update
                DELETE /contracts(.:format)       contracts#destroy
           root        /                          contracts#index

My Gemfile:

我的 Gemfile：

source 'https://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '3.2.11'
gem 'execjs'

group :assets do
  gem 'sass-rails',   '~> 3.2.3'
  gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 3.2.1'
  gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.0.3'
end

gem 'jquery-rails'
gem 'activerecord-oracle_enhanced-adapter', '~> 1.4.1'
gem 'jruby-openssl'
gem 'therubyrhino'
gem 'kaminari'
gem 'nokogiri'

group :development do
  gem 'warbler'
end

group :test do
  gem 'rspec-rails'
  gem 'capybara'
  gem 'activerecord-jdbcsqlite3-adapter'
end

spec_helper.rb inside of my_app/spec:

my_app/spec 中的 spec_helper.rb：

# This file is copied to spec/ when you run 'rails generate rspec:install'
ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test'
require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)
require 'rspec/rails'
require 'rspec/autorun'

# Capybara integration
require 'capybara/rspec'
require 'capybara/rails'

# Requires supporting ruby files with custom matchers and macros, etc,
# in spec/support/ and its subdirectories.
Dir[Rails.root.join("spec/support/**/*.rb")].each {|f| require f}

RSpec.configure do |config|
  # Remove this line if you're not using ActiveRecord or ActiveRecord fixtures
  # config.fixture_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/fixtures"
  config.use_transactional_fixtures = true
  config.infer_base_class_for_anonymous_controllers = false
  config.order = "random"
  # Include path helpers
  config.include Rails.application.routes.url_helpers
end

my_app/spec/features/security_spec.rb:

my_app/spec/features/security_spec.rb：

describe "security", :type => :feature do
  it "signs users in" do
    visit "/sessions/new"
    fill_in "username", :with => "user"
    fill_in "password", :with => "pass"
    click_button "Sign In"

    page.should have_content('Login Successful')
  end
end

I've tried defining the test above both with and without :type => :feature. It makes no difference either way. Any ideas what I should try next?

我试过用和不用:type => :feature. 无论哪种方式都没有区别。任何想法我接下来应该尝试什么？

采纳答案by lightswitch05

Adding require 'rails_helper'at the top of my feature ended up fixing my problem:

require 'rails_helper'在我的功能顶部添加最终解决了我的问题：

require 'rails_helper'

describe "security", :type => :feature do

  it "signs users in" do
    visit new_sessions_path
    fill_in "username", :with => "user"
    fill_in "password", :with => "pass"
    click_button "Sign In"

    page.should have_content('Login Successful')
  end
end

This seems odd to me since every example I've seen for rspec and capybara didn't have that require, but oh well. Problem solved.

这对我来说似乎很奇怪，因为我看到的每个 rspec 和水豚的例子都没有那个要求，但是很好。问题解决了。

Original Answer (older versions of rspec)

原始答案（旧版本的 rspec）

require 'spec_helper'is used by older versions of RSpec. The better answer would be require 'rails_helper'.

require 'spec_helper'由旧版本的 RSpec 使用。更好的答案是require 'rails_helper'。

回答by Kocur4d

Try to add:

尝试添加：

  config.include Capybara::DSL

to your config block.

到您的配置块。

# This file is copied to spec/ when you run 'rails generate rspec:install'
ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test'
require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)
require 'rspec/rails'
require 'rspec/autorun'

# Requires supporting ruby files with custom matchers and macros, etc,
# in spec/support/ and its subdirectories.
Dir[Rails.root.join("spec/support/**/*.rb")].each {|f| require f}

RSpec.configure do |config|
  # Remove this line if you're not using ActiveRecord or ActiveRecord fixtures
  # config.fixture_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/fixtures"
  config.use_transactional_fixtures = true
  config.infer_base_class_for_anonymous_controllers = false
  config.order = "random"
  # Include path helpers
  config.include Rails.application.routes.url_helpers

  config.include Capybara::DSL

end

回答by Thillai Narayanan

Since Capybara 2.0 one has to use folder spec/features Capybara commands don't work in folder spec/requests anymore.

由于 Capybara 2.0 必须使用文件夹规范/功能，因此 Capybara 命令不再在文件夹规范/请求中工作。

回答by Paul Fioravanti

Try performing all your setup in a beforeblock:

尝试在一个before块中执行所有设置：

spec/features/security_spec.rb

规格/功能/security_spec.rb

describe "security" do
  before do
    visit "/sessions/new"
    fill_in "username", :with => "user"
    fill_in "password", :with => "pass"
    click_button "Sign In"
  end

  it "signs users in" do
    page.should have_content('Login Successful')
  end
end

回答by Sathibabu P

I also had this problem,

我也遇到了这个问题

Adding require 'rails_helper' at the top of my feature ended up fixing my problem:

在我的功能顶部添加 require 'rails_helper' 最终解决了我的问题：

require 'rails_helper'

RSpec.describe "Products", type: :request do
 describe "GET /products" do
 it "display tasks" do
  Product.create!(:name => "samsung")
  visit products_path
  page.should have_content("samsung")
  #expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
  end
 end
end

And add the 'config.include Capybara::DSL' in rails_helper.rb

并在 rails_helper.rb 中添加“config.include Capybara::DSL”

RSpec.configure do |config|

 config.fixture_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/fixtures"

 config.use_transactional_fixtures = true

 config.infer_spec_type_from_file_location!

 config.include Capybara::DSL

end