如何在 docker 上运行我的 python 脚本？
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How to run my python script on docker?
提问by Pulkit
I am trying to run my python script on docker. I tried different ways to do it but not able to run it on docker. My python script is given below:
我正在尝试在 docker 上运行我的 python 脚本。我尝试了不同的方法来做到这一点，但无法在 docker 上运行它。我的python脚本如下：
import os
print ('hello')
I?have already installed docker on my mac. But i want to know how i can make images and then push it to docker after that i wanna pull and run my script on docker itself.
我已经在我的 mac 上安装了 docker。但我想知道如何制作图像，然后将其推送到 docker，之后我想在 docker 上拉取并运行我的脚本。
采纳答案by samprog
Alright, first create a specific project directory for your docker image. For example:
好的，首先为您的 docker 镜像创建一个特定的项目目录。例如：
mkdir /home/pi/Desktop/teasr/capturing
Copy your dockerfile and script in there and change the current context to this directory.
将您的 dockerfile 和脚本复制到那里，并将当前上下文更改为此目录。
cp /home/pi/Desktop/teasr/capturing.py /home/pi/Desktop/teasr/dockerfile /home/pi/Desktop/teasr/capturing/
cd /home/pi/Desktop/teasr/capturing
This is for best practice, as the first thing the docker-engine does on build, is read the whole current context.
这是最佳实践，因为 docker-engine 在构建时所做的第一件事就是读取整个当前上下文。
Next we'll take a look at your dockerfile. It should look something like this now:
接下来，我们将查看您的 dockerfile。它现在应该是这样的：
FROM python:latest
WORKDIR /usr/local/bin
COPY capturing.py .
CMD ["capturing.py", "-OPTIONAL_FLAG"]
The next thing you need to do is build it with a smart name. Using dots is generally disencouraged.
您需要做的下一件事是使用智能名称构建它。通常不鼓励使用点。
docker build -t pulkit/capturing:1.0 .
Next thing is to just run the image like you've done.
下一步就是像你所做的那样运行图像。
docker run -ti --name capturing pulkit/capturing:1.0
The script now get executed insidethe container and will probably exit upon completion.
该脚本现在在容器内执行，完成后可能会退出。
Editafter finding the problem that created the following error:
找到导致以下错误的问题后进行编辑：
"standard_init_linux.go:195: exec user process caused "exec format error"
"standard_init_linux.go:195: exec user process caused "exec format error"
There's a different architecture beneath raspberry pi's (ARM instead of x86_64), which COULD'VE BEEN the problem, but wasn't. If that would've been the problem, a switch of the parent image to FROM armhf/pythonwould've been enough.
在 raspberry pi 下有一个不同的架构（ARM 而不是 x86_64），这可能是问题所在，但不是。如果那是问题所在，那么将父图像切换为FROM armhf/python就足够了。
BUT! The error kept occurring.
但！错误不断发生。
So the solution to this problem is a simple missing Sha-Bang on top of the python script. The first line in the script needs to be #!/usr/bin/env pythonand that should solve the problem.
所以这个问题的解决方案是在python脚本之上简单地缺少Sha-Bang。脚本中的第一行必须是#!/usr/bin/env python，这应该可以解决问题。
回答by samprog
You need to create a dockerfile in the directory your script is in.
您需要在脚本所在的目录中创建一个 dockerfile。
You can take this template:
你可以拿这个模板：
FROM python:latest
COPY scriptname.py /usr/local/share/
CMD ["scriptname.py", "-flag"]
Then simply execute docker build -t pulkit/scriptname:1.0 .and your image should be created.
然后只需执行即可docker build -t pulkit/scriptname:1.0 .创建您的图像。
Your image should be visible under docker images. If you want to execute it on your local computer, use docker run.
您的图像应该在 下可见docker images。如果要在本地计算机上执行它，请使用docker run.
If you want it to upload to the DockerHub, you need to log into the DockerHub with docker login, then upload the image with docker push.
如果要上传到DockerHub，需要用 登录DockerHub docker login，然后用 上传镜像docker push。
回答by Nitendra
I Followed @samprog (most accepted) answer on my machine running on UBUNTU VERSION="14.04.6".
and was getting "standard_init_linux.go:195: exec user process caused "exec format error"
我在运行 UBUNTU VERSION="14.04.6" 的机器上关注了@samprog（最被接受的）答案。并且得到"standard_init_linux.go:195: exec user process caused "exec format error"
None of the solution worked for me mentioned above.
上面提到的任何解决方案都不适合我。
Fixed the error after changing my Dockerfile as follows
修正了我的 Dockerfile 更改后的错误如下
FROMpython:latest
来自蟒蛇：最新
COPYcapturing.py ./capturing.py
复制capture.py ./capturing.py
CMD["python","/capturing.py"]
CMD["python","/capturing.py"]
Note:If your script import some other module then you need to modify COPY statement in your Dockerfile as follows - COPY*.py ./
注意：如果您的脚本导入了一些其他模块，那么您需要按如下方式修改 Dockerfile 中的 COPY 语句 - COPY*.py ./
Hope this will be useful for others.
希望这对其他人有用。
回答by anne
Another way to run python script on docker can be:
copy the local python script to docker:
在 docker 上运行 python 脚本的另一种方法可以是：
将本地 python 脚本复制到 docker：
docker cp yourlocalscript.path container_id:/dst_path/
container id can be found using:
可以使用以下方法找到容器 ID：
docker ps
run the python script on docker:
在 docker 上运行 python 脚本：
docker exec -it python /container_script_path.py
