bash 在bash中按多列排序
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Sort by multiple columns in bash
提问by Alex
I have a file with 2 columns, "Name" and "Age", looking like this:
我有一个包含 2 列“名称”和“年龄”的文件，如下所示：
Alex, 15
Mary, 12
Alex, 28
Zoe, 16
Alex, 17
I will sort by the first column in alphabetical order, using sort -t ',' -k1,1 filename.txt, but if there are same names, I want the 2nd column to be sorted in the reversed way of how they were in the original file, like this:
我将按字母顺序按第一列排序，使用sort -t ',' -k1,1 filename.txt, 但如果有相同的名称，我希望第二列以它们在原始文件中的相反方式排序，如下所示：
Alex, 17
Alex, 28
Alex, 15
Mary, 12
Zoe, 17
How can I do this?
我怎样才能做到这一点？
回答by Tomá? ?íma
Read file from back, sort by the first column and -s to preserve order in case of same value
从后面读取文件，按第一列和 -s 排序以在相同值的情况下保留顺序
tac filename.txt | sort -k1,1 -s
...
Alex, 17
Alex, 28
Alex, 15
Mary, 12
Zoe, 16
回答by gct
Not sure why you'd want to do this! But you could do it in python pretty easily (doesn't preserve whitespace):
不知道你为什么要这样做！但是你可以很容易地在 python 中做到这一点（不保留空格）：
import sys
entries = [tuple(map(lambda x: x.strip(), line.strip().split(","))) for line in sys.stdin]
names,ages = zip(*entries)
def compare(a,b):
res = cmp(a[0], b[0])
if (res == 0):
return -cmp(ages.index(a[1]), ages.index(b[1]))
return res
print "\n".join("%s %s" % (name,age) for name,age in sorted(entries, cmp=compare))
回答by lqxyz
sort -t ',' -k1,1 -k2,2r filename.txt
or
或者
sort -t ',' -k1,1 -k2r,2 filename.txt
The output is:
输出是：
Alex, 28
Alex, 17
Alex, 15
Mary, 12
Zoe, 16
Explain: -tis to specify the field-separator, -kcan be used to specify the start and stop position of field, and we could add a single letter OPTSfor that field for ordering, for example rmeans to reverse the result of comparisons.
说明：-t是指定字段分隔符，-k可用于指定字段的开始和结束位置，我们可以OPTS为该字段添加单个字母进行排序，例如r表示将比较结果颠倒。
回答by piarston
Wops it seems I misunderstood your problem. I cannot find of a magic command, but a little script might do the job:
哇，看来我误解了你的问题。我找不到魔术命令，但一个小脚本可能会完成这项工作：
#! /bin/bash
declare names_sorted=$(cut -d, -f1 filename.txt | sort -k1,1 | uniq)
for name in $names_sorted ; do
grep "$name," filename.txt | tac
done
Quick explanation:
快速解释：
- first we assemble the sorted list of names:
$names_sorted. - next (assuming the names do not contain white-spaces), we grep each name from the original list and revert that order with the command
tac
- 首先我们组装名称的排序列表：
$names_sorted。 - 接下来（假设名称不包含空格），我们从原始列表中 grep 每个名称并使用命令恢复该顺序
tac
Hope it's what you wanted this time ;-)
希望这次是你想要的 ;-)
回答by piarston
This should gives what you want:
这应该给你想要的：
sort -k1,1 -k2,2 filename.txt
