bash 如何使用 checkinstall 管理多个包依赖项？

How to manage multiple package dependencies with checkinstall?

提问by Jeff Geisperger

I have a package that I've been building using checkinstallfor a while now, and I wanted to automate it (pass the values in via command line instead of typing the selection, pasting the value in, etc...)

我有一个包，我已经使用checkinstall了一段时间了，我想自动化它（通过命令行传递值，而不是输入选择，粘贴值等......）

I am not sure if this is a checkinstall bug, or not, but how can I include multiple packages via the command line --requiresoption. It seems to barf if I include the minimum version of a package (for exmple --requires="libvte9 (>= 0.28.2)"), or multiple packages at once (for example --requires "libvte9, libc6")

我不确定这是否是 checkinstall 错误，但是如何通过命令行--requires选项包含多个包。如果我包含一个包的最低版本（例如--requires="libvte9 (>= 0.28.2)"），或一次包含多个包（例如--requires "libvte9, libc6"），这似乎很糟糕

Has anyone had better success with the command line arguments for multiple packages? Am I doing something wrong, or is this a bug.

有没有人使用多个包的命令行参数取得更好的成功？我做错了什么，还是这是一个错误。

Note: If I run the script, and choose the requires option (10), and paste my entire line with multiple packages and minimum versions (such as libvte9 (>= 0.28.2), libc6 (>= 2.13), it works fine, it just seems to be on the command line that it's having issues. Also this is with building a debian package, using the -Doption.

注意：如果我运行脚本，并选择需要选项 (10)，然后将我的整行粘贴到多个包和最低版本（例如libvte9 (>= 0.28.2), libc6 (>= 2.13)，它工作正常，它似乎只是在命令行上出现问题。这也是使用-D选项构建 debian 包。

回答by édouard Lopez

After reading Aleks-Daniel Jakimenko-A.'s answer, Reallumpi's oneand doing some tests on a real life case, here is what you should do:

在阅读了Aleks-Daniel Jakimenko-A. 的回答，Reallumpi的回答并对现实生活案例进行了一些测试后，您应该执行以下操作：

1. use ,(comma) without spacesto separate required packages ;
2. escape (and )parenthesiswhen specifying package's version ;
3. escape >(greater sign)when specifying package's version ;

1. 使用,（逗号）不带空格分隔所需的包；
2. ()指定包版本时的转义和括号；
3. >指定包的版本时转义（大号）；

Example

例子

make && sudo -k checkinstall \
    --pkgsource="https://github.com/raboof/nethogs/" \
    --pkglicense="GPL2" \
    --deldesc=no \
    --nodoc \
    --maintainer="$USER\<$USER@$HOSTNAME\>" \
    --pkgarch=$(dpkg \
    --print-architecture) \
    --pkgversion="0.8.1" \
    --pkgrelease="SNAPSHOT" \
    --pkgname=nethogs \
    --requires="libc6 \(\>= 2.4\),libgcc1 \(\>= 1:4.1.1\),libncurses5 \(\>= 5.5-5~\),libpcap0.8 \(\>= 0.9.8\),libstdc++6 \(\>= 4.1.1\),libtinfo5" \
    make install

Output

输出

*****************************************
**** Debian package creation selected ***
*****************************************

This package will be built according to these values:

0 -  Maintainer: [ elopez<elopez@> ]
1 -  Summary: [ Net top tool grouping bandwidth per process ]
2 -  Name:    [ nethogs ]
3 -  Version: [ 0.8.1 ]
4 -  Release: [ SNAPSHOT ]
5 -  License: [ GPL2 ]
6 -  Group:   [ checkinstall ]
7 -  Architecture: [ amd64 ]
8 -  Source location: [ https://github.com/raboof/nethogs/ ]
9 -  Alternate source location: [  ]
10 - Requires: [ libc6 (>= 2.4),libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1),libncurses5 (>= 5.5-5~),libpcap0.8 (>= 0.9.8),libstdc++6 (>= 4.1.1),libtinfo5 ]
11 - Provides: [ nethogs ]
12 - Conflicts: [  ]
13 - Replaces: [  ]

回答by Aleks-Daniel Jakimenko-A.

checkinstall uses ,to separate multiple packages. That's it, a comma, without any spacesaround it.

checkinstall 用于,分隔多个包。就是这样，一个逗号，周围没有任何空格。

回答by Reallumpi

You need to escape brackets, e.g. --requires "package \(= 1.0\)"

你需要转义括号，例如 --requires "package \(= 1.0\)"

回答by noabody

This answer elaborates on how to properly format punctuation, within a shell script, to get multiple package dependencies for checkinstall to work.

此答案详细说明了如何在 shell 脚本中正确格式化标点符号，以获取多个包依赖项以使 checkinstall 正常工作。

PAK_USER='. , ? ! : + - ^ _ { } = $ % @ [ ] / ; # & * ~ ( ) < > \ |'
PAK_NEEDS='. , ? ! : + - ^ _ { } = $ % @ [ ] / ; # & * ~ ( ) < > \ |'
PAK_NEEDS=$(echo "$PAK_NEEDS" | perl -pe 's/([[:punct:]])/\/g')

0 -  Maintainer: [ . , ? ! : + - ^ _ { } = $ % @ [ ] / ]
1 -  Summary: [ This is a punctuation escape test. ]
10 - Requires: [ . , ? ! : + - ^ _ { } = $ % @ [ ] / ; # & * ~ ( ) < > \ | ]

The ones that needs escaping appear to be shell operators ; # & * ~ ( ) < > \ |Some will return a value * ~terminate the line ; #or wipe everything out ( ) < > | &while \disappears since it's the escape character.

需要转义的似乎是 shell 运算符; # & * ~ ( ) < > \ |Some 将返回一个值* ~终止行; #或擦除所有内容( ) < > | &而\消失，因为它是转义字符。

The regex perl -pe 's/([[:punct:]])/\\\1/g'escapes all the punctuation characters which is overkill but works quite well. Single and Double Quotes are already problematic, along with $, which will expand unless surrounded by single-quotes.

正则表达式perl -pe 's/([[:punct:]])/\\\1/g'转义了所有标点符号，这有点矫枉过正，但效果很好。单引号和双引号已经有问题，$, 除非被单引号包围，否则会扩展。

If you don't want to think about escaping, use the regex and caution with ' " $.

如果您不想考虑转义，请使用正则表达式并谨慎使用' " $.

PAK_NEEDS="libasound2 (>= 1.0.16), libavcodec57 (>= 7:3.4.2) | libavcodec-extra57 (>= 7:3.4.2), libavformat57 (>= 7:3.4.2), libavutil55 (>= 7:3.4.2), libboost-filesystem1.65.1, libboost-system1.65.1, libc6 (>= 2.27), libcurl4 (>= 7.16.2), libexpat1 (>= 2.0.1), libgcc1 (>= 1:3.0), libgl1, libglu1-mesa | libglu1, libmad0 (>= 0.15.1b-3), libsdl2-2.0-0 (>= 2.0.8), libsdl2-image-2.0-0 (>= 2.0.2), libsdl2-net-2.0-0 (>= 2.0.1), libsdl2-ttf-2.0-0 (>= 2.0.14), libsndfile1 (>= 1.0.20), libspeex1 (>= 1.2~beta3-1), libspeexdsp1 (>= 1.2~beta3.2-1), libstdc++6 (>= 5.2), libswscale4 (>= 7:3.4.2), libvorbisfile3 (>= 1.1.2), libzzip-0-13 (>= 0.13.56), zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4)"
PAK_NEEDS=$(echo "$PAK_NEEDS" | perl -pe 's/([[:punct:]])/\/g')
10 - Requires: [ libasound2 (>= 1.0.16), libavcodec57 (>= 7:3.4.2) | libavcodec-extra57 (>= 7:3.4.2), libavformat57 (>= 7:3.4.2), libavutil55 (>= 7:3.4.2), libboost-filesystem1.65.1, libboost-system1.65.1, libc6 (>= 2.27), libcurl4 (>= 7.16.2), libexpat1 (>= 2.0.1), libgcc1 (>= 1:3.0), libgl1, libglu1-mesa | libglu1, libmad0 (>= 0.15.1b-3), libsdl2-2.0-0 (>= 2.0.8), libsdl2-image-2.0-0 (>= 2.0.2), libsdl2-net-2.0-0 (>= 2.0.1), libsdl2-ttf-2.0-0 (>= 2.0.14), libsndfile1 (>= 1.0.20), libspeex1 (>= 1.2~beta3-1), libspeexdsp1 (>= 1.2~beta3.2-1), libstdc++6 (>= 5.2), libswscale4 (>= 7:3.4.2), libvorbisfile3 (>= 1.1.2), libzzip-0-13 (>= 0.13.56), zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4) ]