spring 注入和资源以及自动装配的注释
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Inject and Resource and Autowired annotations
提问by oxygenan
What's the difference between @Injectand @Resourceand @Autowiredannotations?
@Injectand@Resource和@Autowiredannotations和有什么不一样？
When should we use each of them?
我们什么时候应该使用它们？
回答by Haim Raman
The difference between @Inject vs. @Autowire vs. @Resource?
@Inject 与@Autowire 与@Resource 之间的区别？
@Autowired:spring propriety annotation (as opposed to @Inject and @Resource) that inject a resource by-type, i.e. by the class of by the interface of the annotated field or contractor. In case we have few implementation of an interface or a subclass we can narrow down the selection using the @Qualifier annotation to avoid ambiguity. For a fallback match, the bean name is considered a default qualifier value. Although you can use this convention to refer to specific beans by name, @Autowired is fundamentally about type-driven injection with optional semantic qualifiers.
@Autowired：spring 专有注解（与@Inject 和@Resource 相对），按类型注入资源，即通过注解字段或承包商的接口的类。如果我们几乎没有接口或子类的实现，我们可以使用 @Qualifier 批注缩小选择范围以避免歧义。对于回退匹配，bean 名称被视为默认限定符值。尽管您可以使用此约定按名称引用特定的 bean，但 @Autowired 从根本上讲是关于带有可选语义限定符的类型驱动注入。
@Inject:Annotation based on JSR-330 (Dependency Injection for Java) identifies injectable constructors, methods, and fields. This annotation is an almost complete drop-in replacement for Spring's @Autowired annotation. So, instead of using the Spring-specific @Autowired annotation, you might choose to use @Inject. One of the differences between @Autowired and @Inject is that @Inject does not have the required field so in case we fail to find a suitable object to inject it will fail while @Autowired can used required=false and allow null able field (only if required!). Advantage of @Inject annotation is that rather than inject a reference directly, you could ask @Inject to inject a Provider. The Provider interface enables, among other things, lazy injection of bean references and injection of multiple instances of a bean. In case we have few implementation of an interface or a subclass we can narrow down the selection using the @Named annotation to avoid ambiguity. @Named annotation works much like Spring's @Qualifier
@注入：基于 JSR-330（Java 依赖注入）的注解标识了可注入的构造函数、方法和字段。这个注解几乎完全替代了 Spring 的 @Autowired 注解。因此，您可以选择使用 @Inject，而不是使用特定于 Spring 的 @Autowired 注释。@Autowired 和 @Inject 之间的区别之一是 @Inject 没有 required 字段，所以如果我们找不到合适的对象来注入它将会失败，而 @Autowired 可以使用 required=false 并允许 nullable 字段（仅如果需要的话！）。@Inject 注解的优点是可以让 @Inject 注入一个 Provider，而不是直接注入引用。Provider 接口支持延迟注入 bean 引用和注入多个 bean 实例。如果我们几乎没有接口或子类的实现，我们可以使用 @Named 注释缩小选择范围以避免歧义。@Named 注释的工作方式很像 Spring 的 @Qualifier
@Resource:annotation based on JSR-250. @Resource is quite similar to @Autowired and @Inject, but the main difference is the execution paths taken to find out the required bean to inject. @Resource will narrow down the search first by name then by type and finally by Qualifiers (ignored if match is found by name). @Autowired and @Inject will narrow down the search first by type then by qualifier and finally by the name.
@Resource：基于 JSR-250 的注解。@Resource 与 @Autowired 和 @Inject 非常相似，但主要区别在于找出要注入的所需 bean 所采用的执行路径。@Resource 将首先按名称、然后按类型、最后按限定符缩小搜索范围（如果按名称找到匹配则忽略）。@Autowired 和 @Inject 将首先按类型缩小搜索范围，然后是限定符，最后是名称。
回答by eztam
|------------|---------------|---------------|---------------|-----------------------|
| | Setter/Field | Constructor | Applicable to | Matching order |
| | injection | injection | type | |
|------------|---------------|---------------|---------------|-----------------------|
| @Autowired | X | X | | Type, Qualifier, Name |
|------------|---------------|---------------|---------------|-----------------------|
| @Inject | X | X | | Type, Qualifier, Name |
|------------|---------------|---------------|---------------|-----------------------|
| @Resource | X | | X | Name, Type, Qualifier |
|------------|---------------|---------------|---------------|-----------------------|
So in Spring dependency injection @Injectand @Autowiredhave exactly the same behaviour.
所以在 Spring 依赖注入中@Inject并@Autowired具有完全相同的行为。
回答by Andriy Kryvtsun
In addition to @Haim answer there is good descriptionof the difference between Spring and JSR-330 (Dependency Injection for Java) annotations and how to use the last with Spring.
除了@Haim 的回答之外，还有关于Spring 和 JSR-330（Java 依赖注入）注释之间的区别以及如何在 Spring 中使用最后一个注释的很好的描述。
