php PHPUnit：期望方法的含义
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PHPUnit: expects method meaning
提问by thom
When I create a new mock I need to call the expects method. What exactly it does? What about its arguments?
当我创建一个新的模拟时，我需要调用 expects 方法。它究竟有什么作用？它的论据呢？
$todoListMock = $this->getMock('\Model\Todo_List');
$todoListMock->expects($this->any())
->method('getItems')
->will($this->returnValue(array($itemMock)));
I can't find the reason anywhere (I've tried docs). I've read the sources but I can't understand it. Thanks.
我在任何地方都找不到原因（我已经尝试过文档）。我已经阅读了来源，但我无法理解。谢谢。
回答by Marek Sebera
expects() - Sets how many times you expect a method to be called:
expects() - 设置您希望方法被调用的次数：
$mock = $this->getMock('nameOfTheClass', array('firstMethod','secondMethod','thirdMethod'));
$mock->expects($this->once())
->method('firstMethod')
->will($this->returnValue('value'));
$mock->expects($this->once())
->method('secondMethod')
->will($this->returnValue('value'));
$mock->expects($this->once())
->method('thirdMethod')
->will($this->returnValue('value'));
If you know, that method is called once use $this->once() in expects(), otherwise use $this->any()
如果你知道，该方法被调用一次，在 expects() 中使用 $this->once()，否则使用 $this->any()
see:
PHPUnit mock with multiple expects() calls
请参阅：
带有多个 expects() 调用的 PHPUnit 模拟
https://phpunit.de/manual/current/en/test-doubles.html#test-doubles.stubs
https://phpunit.de/manual/current/en/test-doubles.html#test-doubles.stubs
http://www.slideshare.net/mjlivelyjr/advanced-phpunit-testing
http://www.slideshare.net/mjlivelyjr/advanced-phpunit-testing
回答by Gordon
A look into the source code will tell you:
查看源代码会告诉你：
/**
* Registers a new expectation in the mock object and returns the match
* object which can be infused with further details.
*
* @param PHPUnit_Framework_MockObject_Matcher_Invocation $matcher
* @return PHPUnit_Framework_MockObject_Builder_InvocationMocker
*/
public function expects(PHPUnit_Framework_MockObject_Matcher_Invocation $matcher);
And the PHPUnit Manual lists the available Matchers at
PHPUnit 手册在以下位置列出了可用的匹配器
- any()returns a matcher that matches when the method it is evaluated for is executed zero or more times.
- never()returns a matcher that matches when the method it is evaluated for is never executed.
- atLeastOnce()returns a matcher that matches when the method it is evaluated for is executed at least once.
- once()returns a matcher that matches when the method it is evaluated for is executed exactly once.
- exactly(int $count)returns a matcher that matches when the method it is evaluated for is executed exactly $count times.
- at(int $index)returns a matcher that matches when the method it is evaluated for is invoked at the given $index.
- any()返回一个匹配器，当它被评估的方法被执行零次或多次时匹配。
- never()返回一个匹配器，该匹配器在评估它的方法从未执行时匹配。
- atLeastOnce()返回一个匹配器，当它被评估的方法至少执行一次时匹配。
- once()返回一个匹配器，当它被评估的方法只执行一次时匹配。
- exact(int $count)返回一个匹配器，当它被评估的方法执行精确 $count 次时匹配。
- at(int $index)返回一个匹配器，当它被评估的方法在给定的 $index 处被调用时匹配。
