Java 春季junit测试
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spring junit testing
提问by Massive Boisson
I have a maven spring project (latest version) and I want to write some junit tests (latest version).
我有一个 maven spring 项目（最新版本），我想写一些 junit 测试（最新版本）。
The issue I have is that my spring beans are autowired, and when I call them from junit test, I get null pointer exceptions, as spring doesn't autowire them.
我的问题是我的 spring bean 是自动装配的，当我从 junit 测试中调用它们时，我得到空指针异常，因为 spring 不会自动装配它们。
How can I load the context so that things are autowired?
如何加载上下文以便自动装配？
采纳答案by Tomasz Nurkiewicz
Have you studied Testingchapter in Spring reference documentation? Here is an example you should start with:
您是否学习过 Spring 参考文档中的测试章节？这是您应该从以下示例开始：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration
public class MyTest {
@Resource
private FooService fooService;
// class body...
}
If you are in com.example.MyTestin /src/test/java, you will need /src/test/resources/com/example/MyTest-context.xml- but the exceptions will show you the way.
如果您在com.example.MyTest中/src/test/java，您将需要/src/test/resources/com/example/MyTest-context.xml- 但例外情况会为您指明方向。
回答by artbristol
You should use the SpringJUnit4ClassRunneron your test classes, and use @Resource(or @Autowired) on the field in your test class that contains the bean. You should consider having a special test context Spring configuration that uses stubs so that your tests are genuine unit tests, and don't rely on the whole application context.
您应该SpringJUnit4ClassRunner在测试类上使用 ，并在包含 bean 的测试类中的字段上使用@Resource(或@Autowired)。您应该考虑拥有一个使用存根的特殊测试上下文 Spring 配置，以便您的测试是真正的单元测试，而不依赖于整个应用程序上下文。
回答by abalogh
This is a possibility:
这是一种可能性：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
// ApplicationContext will be loaded from "/applicationContext.xml"
// in the root of the classpath
@ContextConfiguration({"/applicationContext.xml"})
public class MyTest {
// class body...
}
Usually it's a good idea though to have a test-applicationContext for your test infrastructure.
通常，为您的测试基础设施设置一个 test-applicationContext 是个好主意。
