如何使用 C# 调用 REST api？
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9620278/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
How do I make calls to a REST api using C#?
提问by NullVoxPopuli
This is the code I have so far:
这是我到目前为止的代码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Web;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
namespace ConsoleProgram
{
public class Class1
{
private const string URL = "https://sub.domain.com/objects.json?api_key=123";
private const string DATA = @"{""object"":{""name"":""Name""}}";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Class1.CreateObject();
}
private static void CreateObject()
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/json";
request.ContentLength = DATA.Length;
StreamWriter requestWriter = new StreamWriter(request.GetRequestStream(), System.Text.Encoding.ASCII);
requestWriter.Write(DATA);
requestWriter.Close();
try {
WebResponse webResponse = request.GetResponse();
Stream webStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader responseReader = new StreamReader(webStream);
string response = responseReader.ReadToEnd();
Console.Out.WriteLine(response);
responseReader.Close();
} catch (Exception e) {
Console.Out.WriteLine("-----------------");
Console.Out.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
}
}
The problem is that I think the exception block is being triggered (because when I remove the try-catch, I get a server error (500) message. But I don't see the Console.Out lines I put in the catch block.
问题是我认为异常块正在被触发（因为当我删除 try-catch 时，我收到服务器错误 (500) 消息。但我没有看到我放在 catch 块中的 Console.Out 行。
My Console:
我的控制台：
The thread 'vshost.NotifyLoad' (0x1a20) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread '<No Name>' (0x1988) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 'vshost.LoadReference' (0x1710) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
'ConsoleApplication1.vshost.exe' (Managed (v4.0.30319)): Loaded 'c:\users\l. preston sego iii\documents\visual studio 11\Projects\ConsoleApplication1\ConsoleApplication1\bin\Debug\ConsoleApplication1.exe', Symbols loaded.
'ConsoleApplication1.vshost.exe' (Managed (v4.0.30319)): Loaded 'C:\Windows\Microsoft.Net\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Configuration\v4.0_4.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\System.Configuration.dll', Skipped loading symbols. Module is optimized and the debugger option 'Just My Code' is enabled.
A first chance exception of type 'System.Net.WebException' occurred in System.dll
The thread 'vshost.RunParkingWindow' (0x184c) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread '<No Name>' (0x1810) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The program '[2780] ConsoleApplication1.vshost.exe: Program Trace' has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The program '[2780] ConsoleApplication1.vshost.exe: Managed (v4.0.30319)' has exited with code 0 (0x0).
I'm using Visual Studio 2011 Beta, and .NET 4.5 Beta.
我使用的是 Visual Studio 2011 Beta 和 .NET 4.5 Beta。
采纳答案by Brian Swift
The ASP.Net Web API has replaced the WCF Web API previously mentioned.
ASP.Net Web API 已经取代了前面提到的 WCF Web API。
I thought I'd post an updated answer since most of these responses are from early 2012, and this thread is one of the top results when doing a Google search for "call restful service c#".
我想我会发布一个更新的答案，因为这些回复中的大部分来自 2012 年初，并且该线程是在 Google 上搜索“call restful service c#”时的最佳结果之一。
Current guidance from Microsoft is to use the Microsoft ASP.NET Web API Client Libraries to consume a RESTful service. This is available as a NuGet package, Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client. You will need to add this NuGet package to your solution.
Microsoft 当前的指导方针是使用 Microsoft ASP.NET Web API 客户端库来使用 RESTful 服务。它以 NuGet 包 Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client 的形式提供。您需要将此 NuGet 包添加到您的解决方案中。
Here's how your example would look when implemented using the ASP.Net Web API Client Library:
以下是您的示例在使用 ASP.Net Web API 客户端库实现时的外观：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
namespace ConsoleProgram
{
public class DataObject
{
public string Name { get; set; }
}
public class Class1
{
private const string URL = "https://sub.domain.com/objects.json";
private string urlParameters = "?api_key=123";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(URL);
// Add an Accept header for JSON format.
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(
new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
// List data response.
HttpResponseMessage response = client.GetAsync(urlParameters).Result; // Blocking call! Program will wait here until a response is received or a timeout occurs.
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
// Parse the response body.
var dataObjects = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<IEnumerable<DataObject>>().Result; //Make sure to add a reference to System.Net.Http.Formatting.dll
foreach (var d in dataObjects)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}", d.Name);
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})", (int)response.StatusCode, response.ReasonPhrase);
}
//Make any other calls using HttpClient here.
//Dispose once all HttpClient calls are complete. This is not necessary if the containing object will be disposed of; for example in this case the HttpClient instance will be disposed automatically when the application terminates so the following call is superfluous.
client.Dispose();
}
}
}
If you plan on making multiple requests, you should re-use your HttpClient instance. See this question and its answers for more details on why a using statement was not used on the HttpClient instance in this case: Do HttpClient and HttpClientHandler have to be disposed?
如果您计划发出多个请求，则应重用 HttpClient 实例。有关在这种情况下为何不在 HttpClient 实例上使用 using 语句的更多详细信息，请参阅此问题及其答案：Do HttpClient 和 HttpClientHandler 必须被处理吗？
For more details, including other examples, go here: http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/web-api-clients/calling-a-web-api-from-a-net-client
有关更多详细信息，包括其他示例，请访问：http: //www.asp.net/web-api/overview/web-api-clients/calling-a-web-api-from-a-net-client
This blog post may also be useful: http://johnnycode.com/2012/02/23/consuming-your-own-asp-net-web-api-rest-service/
这篇博文也可能有用：http: //johnnycode.com/2012/02/23/sumption-your-own-asp-net-web-api-rest-service/
回答by Justin Pihony
My suggestion would be to use RestSharp. You can make calls to REST services and have them cast into POCO objects with very little boilerplate code to actually have to parse through the response. This will not solve your particular error, but answers your overall question of how to make calls to REST services. Having to change your code to use it should pay off in the ease of use and robustness moving forward. That is just my 2 cents though
我的建议是使用RestSharp。您可以调用 REST 服务，并使用很少的样板代码将它们转换为 POCO 对象，以便实际解析响应。这不会解决您的特定错误，但会回答您关于如何调用 REST 服务的总体问题。必须更改代码才能使用它应该会在易用性和健壮性方面有所回报。不过那只是我的 2 美分
Example:
例子：
namespace RestSharpThingy
{
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Reflection;
using RestSharp;
public static class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
Uri baseUrl = new Uri("https://httpbin.org/");
IRestClient client = new RestClient(baseUrl);
IRestRequest request = new RestRequest("get", Method.GET) { Credentials = new NetworkCredential("testUser", "P455w0rd") };
request.AddHeader("Authorization", "Bearer qaPmk9Vw8o7r7UOiX-3b-8Z_6r3w0Iu2pecwJ3x7CngjPp2fN3c61Q_5VU3y0rc-vPpkTKuaOI2eRs3bMyA5ucKKzY1thMFoM0wjnReEYeMGyq3JfZ-OIko1if3NmIj79ZSpNotLL2734ts2jGBjw8-uUgKet7jQAaq-qf5aIDwzUo0bnGosEj_UkFxiJKXPPlF2L4iNJSlBqRYrhw08RK1SzB4tf18Airb80WVy1Kewx2NGq5zCC-SCzvJW-mlOtjIDBAQ5intqaRkwRaSyjJ_MagxJF_CLc4BNUYC3hC2ejQDoTE6HYMWMcg0mbyWghMFpOw3gqyfAGjr6LPJcIly__aJ5__iyt-BTkOnMpDAZLTjzx4qDHMPWeND-TlzKWXjVb5yMv5Q6Jg6UmETWbuxyTdvGTJFzanUg1HWzPr7gSs6GLEv9VDTMiC8a5sNcGyLcHBIJo8mErrZrIssHvbT8ZUPWtyJaujKvdgazqsrad9CO3iRsZWQJ3lpvdQwucCsyjoRVoj_mXYhz3JK3wfOjLff16Gy1NLbj4gmOhBBRb8rJnUXnP7rBHs00FAk59BIpKLIPIyMgYBApDCut8V55AgXtGs4MgFFiJKbuaKxq8cdMYEVBTzDJ-S1IR5d6eiTGusD5aFlUkAs9NV_nFw");
request.AddParameter("clientId", 123);
IRestResponse<RootObject> response = client.Execute<RootObject>(request);
if (response.IsSuccessful)
{
response.Data.Write();
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine(response.ErrorMessage);
}
Console.WriteLine();
string path = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;
string name = Path.GetFileName(path);
request = new RestRequest("post", Method.POST);
request.AddFile(name, File.ReadAllBytes(path), name, "application/octet-stream");
response = client.Execute<RootObject>(request);
if (response.IsSuccessful)
{
response.Data.Write();
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine(response.ErrorMessage);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
private static void Write(this RootObject rootObject)
{
Console.WriteLine("clientId: " + rootObject.args.clientId);
Console.WriteLine("Accept: " + rootObject.headers.Accept);
Console.WriteLine("AcceptEncoding: " + rootObject.headers.AcceptEncoding);
Console.WriteLine("AcceptLanguage: " + rootObject.headers.AcceptLanguage);
Console.WriteLine("Authorization: " + rootObject.headers.Authorization);
Console.WriteLine("Connection: " + rootObject.headers.Connection);
Console.WriteLine("Dnt: " + rootObject.headers.Dnt);
Console.WriteLine("Host: " + rootObject.headers.Host);
Console.WriteLine("Origin: " + rootObject.headers.Origin);
Console.WriteLine("Referer: " + rootObject.headers.Referer);
Console.WriteLine("UserAgent: " + rootObject.headers.UserAgent);
Console.WriteLine("origin: " + rootObject.origin);
Console.WriteLine("url: " + rootObject.url);
Console.WriteLine("data: " + rootObject.data);
Console.WriteLine("files: ");
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in rootObject.files ?? Enumerable.Empty<KeyValuePair<string, string>>())
{
Console.WriteLine("\t" + kvp.Key + ": " + kvp.Value);
}
}
}
public class Args
{
public string clientId { get; set; }
}
public class Headers
{
public string Accept { get; set; }
public string AcceptEncoding { get; set; }
public string AcceptLanguage { get; set; }
public string Authorization { get; set; }
public string Connection { get; set; }
public string Dnt { get; set; }
public string Host { get; set; }
public string Origin { get; set; }
public string Referer { get; set; }
public string UserAgent { get; set; }
}
public class RootObject
{
public Args args { get; set; }
public Headers headers { get; set; }
public string origin { get; set; }
public string url { get; set; }
public string data { get; set; }
public Dictionary<string, string> files { get; set; }
}
}
回答by dice
Since you are using Visual Studio 11 Beta you will want to use the latest and greatest. The new Web Api contains classes for this.
由于您使用的是 Visual Studio 11 Beta，因此您将希望使用最新最好的。新的 Web Api 包含用于此的类。
See HttpClient: http://wcf.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=WCF%20HTTP
参见 HttpClient：http://wcf.codeplex.com/wikipage?title =WCF%20HTTP
回答by Jesse C. Slicer
Unrelated, I'm sure, but do wrap your IDisposableobjects in usingblocks to ensure proper disposal:
不相关，我敢肯定，但一定要将您的IDisposable对象包装在using块中以确保正确处理：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
namespace ConsoleProgram
{
public class Class1
{
private const string URL = "https://sub.domain.com/objects.json?api_key=123";
private const string DATA = @"{""object"":{""name"":""Name""}}";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Class1.CreateObject();
}
private static void CreateObject()
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/json";
request.ContentLength = DATA.Length;
using (Stream webStream = request.GetRequestStream())
using (StreamWriter requestWriter = new StreamWriter(webStream, System.Text.Encoding.ASCII))
{
requestWriter.Write(DATA);
}
try
{
WebResponse webResponse = request.GetResponse();
using (Stream webStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream() ?? Stream.Null)
using (StreamReader responseReader = new StreamReader(webStream))
{
string response = responseReader.ReadToEnd();
Console.Out.WriteLine(response);
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.Out.WriteLine("-----------------");
Console.Out.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
}
}
回答by rajendra lenka
var TakingRequset = WebRequest.Create("http://xxx.acv.com/MethodName/Get");
TakingRequset.Method = "POST";
TakingRequset.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=utf-8";
TakingRequset.PreAuthenticate = true;
//---Serving Request path query
var PAQ = TakingRequset.RequestUri.PathAndQuery;
//---creating your xml as per the host reqirement
string xmlroot=@"<root><childnodes>passing parameters</childnodes></root>";
string xmlroot2=@"<root><childnodes>passing parameters</childnodes></root>";
//---Adding Headers as requested by host
xmlroot2 = (xmlroot2 + "XXX---");
//---Adding Headers Value as requested by host
// var RequestheaderVales = Method(xmlroot2);
WebProxy proxy = new WebProxy("XXXXX-----llll", 8080);
proxy.Credentials = new NetworkCredential("XXX---uuuu", "XXX----", "XXXX----");
System.Net.WebRequest.DefaultWebProxy = proxy;
// Adding The Request into Headers
TakingRequset.Headers.Add("xxx", "Any Request Variable ");
TakingRequset.Headers.Add("xxx", "Any Request Variable");
byte[] byteData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xmlroot);
TakingRequset.ContentLength = byteData.Length;
using (Stream postStream = TakingRequset.GetRequestStream())
{
postStream.Write(byteData, 0, byteData.Length);
postStream.Close();
}
StreamReader stredr = new StreamReader(TakingRequset.GetResponse().GetResponseStream());
string response = stredr.ReadToEnd();
回答by Srinivasan Radhakrishnan
Please use below code for your REST api request
请为您的 REST api 请求使用以下代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Json;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
class Program
{
private const string URL = "https://XXXX/rest/api/2/component";
private const string DATA = @"{
""name"": ""Component 2"",
""description"": ""This is a JIRA component"",
""leadUserName"": ""xx"",
""assigneeType"": ""PROJECT_LEAD"",
""isAssigneeTypeValid"": false,
""project"": ""TP""}";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
AddComponent();
}
private static void AddComponent()
{
System.Net.Http.HttpClient client = new System.Net.Http.HttpClient();
client.BaseAddress = new System.Uri(URL);
byte[] cred = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("username:password");
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new System.Net.Http.Headers.AuthenticationHeaderValue("Basic", Convert.ToBase64String(cred));
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
System.Net.Http.HttpContent content = new StringContent(DATA, UTF8Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
HttpResponseMessage messge = client.PostAsync(URL, content).Result;
string description = string.Empty;
if (messge.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
string result = messge.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
description = result;
}
}
}
}
回答by user4064093
This is an example code that works for sure. It took me a day to make this to read a set of object from Rest service:
这是一个肯定有效的示例代码。我花了一天时间才从 Rest 服务中读取一组对象：
RootObject is the type of the object Im reading from the rest service.
RootObject 是我从其余服务中读取的对象的类型。
string url = @"http://restcountries.eu/rest/v1";
DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(IEnumerable<RootObject>));
WebClient syncClient = new WebClient();
string content = syncClient.DownloadString(url);
using (MemoryStream memo = new MemoryStream(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(content)))
{
IEnumerable<RootObject> countries = (IEnumerable<RootObject>)serializer.ReadObject(memo);
}
Console.Read();
回答by DalSoft
Update for calling a REST API when using .NET 4.5 or .NET Core
使用 .NET 4.5 或 .NET Core 时调用 REST API 的更新
I would suggest DalSoft.RestClient(caveat I created it). The reason being because it uses dynamic typing you can wrap everything up in one fluent call including serialization/de-serialization. Below is a working PUT example:
我建议DalSoft.RestClient（警告我创建了它）。原因是因为它使用动态类型，您可以将所有内容都包含在一个流畅的调用中，包括序列化/反序列化。下面是一个有效的 PUT 示例：
dynamic client = new RestClient("http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com");
var post = new Post { title = "foo", body = "bar", userId = 10 };
var result = await client.Posts(1).Put(post);
回答by patrickbadley
Check out Refit for making calls to rest services from .net. I've found it very easy to use: https://github.com/paulcbetts/refit
查看 Refit 以从 .net 调用休息服务。我发现它很容易使用：https: //github.com/paulcbetts/refit
Refit: The automatic type-safe REST library for .NET Core, Xamarin and .NET
Refit is a library heavily inspired by Square's Retrofit library, and it turns your REST API into a live interface:
Refit：适用于 .NET Core、Xamarin 和 .NET 的自动类型安全 REST 库
Refit 是一个深受 Square 的 Retrofit 库启发的库，它将您的 REST API 变成了一个实时界面：
public interface IGitHubApi {
[Get("/users/{user}")]
Task<User> GetUser(string user); } The RestService class generates an implementation of IGitHubApi that uses HttpClient to make its calls:
var gitHubApi = RestService.For<IGitHubApi>("https://api.github.com");
var octocat = await gitHubApi.GetUser("octocat");
回答by JerryGoyal
GET:
得到：
// GET JSON Response
public WeatherResponseModel GET(string url) {
WeatherResponseModel model = new WeatherResponseModel();
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
try {
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
using(Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream()) {
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);
model = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject < WeatherResponseModel > (reader.ReadToEnd());
}
} catch (WebException ex) {
WebResponse errorResponse = ex.Response;
using(Stream responseStream = errorResponse.GetResponseStream()) {
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"));
String errorText = reader.ReadToEnd();
// log errorText
}
throw;
}
return model;
}
POST:
邮政：
// POST a JSON string
void POST(string url, string jsonContent) {
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "POST";
System.Text.UTF8Encoding encoding = new System.Text.UTF8Encoding();
Byte[]byteArray = encoding.GetBytes(jsonContent);
request.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
request.ContentType = @ "application/json";
using(Stream dataStream = request.GetRequestStream()) {
dataStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
}
long length = 0;
try {
using(HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse()) {
// got response
length = response.ContentLength;
}
} catch (WebException ex) {
WebResponse errorResponse = ex.Response;
using(Stream responseStream = errorResponse.GetResponseStream()) {
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"));
String errorText = reader.ReadToEnd();
// log errorText
}
throw;
}
}
Note: To serialize and desirialze JSON I used Newtonsoft.Json NuGet package.
注意：为了序列化和反序列化 JSON，我使用了 Newtonsoft.Json NuGet 包。
