Android 自定义下拉/弹出菜单

Android custom dropdown/popup menu

提问by stanete

How do I do a custom dropdown/popup menu anchored to a button?

如何创建一个固定到按钮的自定义下拉/弹出菜单？

I need it to work like the popup menu (anchored to a view), and do something when I click an item from the menu.

我需要它像弹出菜单（锚定到视图）一样工作，并在我单击菜单中的项目时执行某些操作。

How do I add items to the menu by code, keeping menu's height and make it scrollable if there are more than 5 items. I don't need to add any images, just text.

如何通过代码将项目添加到菜单中，保持菜单的高度并使其在超过 5 个项目时可滚动。我不需要添加任何图像，只需添加文本。

回答by Shylendra Madda

Update: To create a popup menu in android with Kotlin refer my answer here.

更新：要创建在android系统与科特林弹出菜单是指我的答案在这里。

To create a popup menu in android with Java:

使用 Java 在 android 中创建弹出菜单：

Create a layout file activity_main.xmlunder res/layoutdirectory which contains only one button.

activity_main.xml在res/layout仅包含一个按钮的目录下创建布局文件。

Filename: activity_main.xml

文档名称： activity_main.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"  
    android:layout_width="match_parent"  
    android:layout_height="match_parent"  
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"  
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"  
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"  
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"  
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >  

    <Button  
        android:id="@+id/button1"  
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"  
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"  
        android:layout_marginLeft="62dp"  
        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"  
        android:text="Show Popup" />  

</RelativeLayout>  

Create a file popup_menu.xmlunder res/menudirectory

popup_menu.xml在res/menu目录下创建一个文件

It contains three items as shown below.

它包含三个项目，如下所示。

Filename: poupup_menu.xml

文档名称： poupup_menu.xml

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >  

    <item  
        android:id="@+id/one"  
        android:title="One"/>  

    <item  
        android:id="@+id/two"  
        android:title="Two"/>  

    <item  
        android:id="@+id/three"  
        android:title="Three"/>  

</menu>  

MainActivity class which displays the popup menu on button click.

MainActivity 类，在单击按钮时显示弹出菜单。

Filename: MainActivity.java

文档名称： MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity {  
    private Button button1;  

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
        button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //Creating the instance of PopupMenu
                PopupMenu popup = new PopupMenu(MainActivity.this, button1);
                //Inflating the Popup using xml file
                popup.getMenuInflater()
                    .inflate(R.menu.popup_menu, popup.getMenu());

                //registering popup with OnMenuItemClickListener
                popup.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener() {
                    public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
                        Toast.makeText(
                            MainActivity.this,
                            "You Clicked : " + item.getTitle(),
                            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
                        ).show();
                        return true;
                    }
                });

                popup.show(); //showing popup menu
            }
        }); //closing the setOnClickListener method
    }
}

To add programmatically:

以编程方式添加：

PopupMenu menu = new PopupMenu(this, view);

menu.getMenu().add("One");
menu.getMenu().add("Two");
menu.getMenu().add("Three");

menu.show();

Follow thislink for creating menu programmatically.

按照此链接以编程方式创建菜单。

回答by Sir Codesalot

I know this is an old question, but I've found another answer that worked better for me and it doesn't seem to appear in any of the answers.

我知道这是一个老问题，但我找到了另一个对我更有效的答案，它似乎没有出现在任何答案中。

Create a layout xml:

创建布局xml：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:paddingTop="5dip"
    android:paddingBottom="5dip"
    android:paddingStart="10dip"
    android:paddingEnd="10dip">

<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/shoe_select_icon"
    android:layout_width="30dp"
    android:layout_height="30dp"
    android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
    android:scaleType="fitXY" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/shoe_select_text"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_gravity="center"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:paddingStart="10dp"
    android:paddingEnd="10dp"/>

</LinearLayout>

Create a ListPopupWindow and a map with the content:

创建一个 ListPopupWindow 和一个包含内容的地图：

ListPopupWindow popupWindow;
List<HashMap<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<>();
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
    map.put(TITLE, getString(R.string.left));
    map.put(ICON, R.drawable.left);
    data.add(map);
    map = new HashMap<>();
    map.put(TITLE, getString(R.string.right));
    map.put(ICON, R.drawable.right);
    data.add(map);

Then on click, display the menu using this function:

然后单击，使用此功能显示菜单：

private void showListMenu(final View anchor) {
    popupWindow = new ListPopupWindow(this);

    ListAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(
            this,
            data,
            R.layout.shoe_select,
            new String[] {TITLE, ICON}, // These are just the keys that the data uses (constant strings)
            new int[] {R.id.shoe_select_text, R.id.shoe_select_icon}); // The view ids to map the data to

    popupWindow.setAnchorView(anchor);
    popupWindow.setAdapter(adapter);
    popupWindow.setWidth(400);
    popupWindow.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
            switch (position){
                case 0:
                    devicesAdapter.setSelectedLeftPosition(devicesList.getChildAdapterPosition(anchor));
                    break;
                case 1:
                    devicesAdapter.setSelectedRightPosition(devicesList.getChildAdapterPosition(anchor));
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    devicesAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                }
            });
            popupWindow.dismiss();
        }
    });
    popupWindow.show();
}

回答by Sai

The Kotlin Way

科特林方式

fun showPopupMenu(view: View) {
    PopupMenu(view.context, view).apply {
                menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.popup_men, menu)
                setOnMenuItemClickListener { item ->
                    Toast.makeText(view.context, "You Clicked : " + item.title, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
                    true
                }
            }.show()
}

UPDATE:In the above code, the apply function returns thiswhich is not required, so we can use runwhich don't return anything and to make it even simpler we can also remove the curly braces of showPopupMenu method.

更新：在上面的代码中，apply 函数返回thiswhich 不是必需的，所以我们可以使用runwhich 不返回任何东西，为了使它更简单，我们还可以删除 showPopupMenu 方法的花括号。

Even Simpler:

更简单：

fun showPopupMenu(view: View) = PopupMenu(view.context, view).run {
            menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.popup_men, menu)
            setOnMenuItemClickListener { item ->
                Toast.makeText(view.context, "You Clicked : ${item.title}", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
                true
            }
            show()
        }

回答by sudhakara k s

First, create a folder named “menu” in the “res” folder.

首先，在“res”文件夹中创建一个名为“menu”的文件夹。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >

    <item
        android:id="@+id/search"
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_search"
        android:title="Search"/>
    <item
        android:id="@+id/add"
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_add"
        android:title="Add"/>
    <item
        android:id="@+id/edit"
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_edit"
        android:title="Edit">
        <menu>
            <item
                android:id="@+id/share"
                android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_share"
                android:title="Share"/>
        </menu>
    </item>

</menu>

Then, create your Activity Class:

然后，创建您的活动类：

public class PopupMenu1 extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.popup_menu_1);
    }

    public void onPopupButtonClick(View button) {
        PopupMenu popup = new PopupMenu(this, button);
        popup.getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.popup, popup.getMenu());

        popup.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener() {
            public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
                Toast.makeText(PopupMenu1.this,
                        "Clicked popup menu item " + item.getTitle(),
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                return true;
            }
        });

        popup.show();
    }
}