C++ 错误 C1083：无法打开包含文件：'stdafx.h'

Error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'stdafx.h'

提问by Kulis

When I compiled this program (from C++ Programming Language 4th edition):

当我编译这个程序时（来自 C++ Programming Language 4th edition）：

main.cpp

主程序

#include <stdafx.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include "vector.h"
using namespace std;

double sqrt_sum(vector&);

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    vector v(6);
    sqrt_sum(v);
    return 0;
}

double sqrt_sum(vector& v)
{
    double sum = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i != v.size(); ++i)
        sum += sqrt(v[i]);
    return sum;
}

vector.cpp

向量.cpp

#include <stdafx.h>
#include "vector.h" 

vector::vector(int s)
:elem{ new double[s] }, sz{ s }
{
}
double& vector::operator[](int i)
{
    return elem[i];
}
int vector::size()
{
    return sz;
}

vector.h

向量.h

#include <stdafx.h>
class vector{
public:
    vector(int s);
    double& operator[](int i);
    int size();
private:
    double* elem;
    int sz;
};

It gave me these errors:

它给了我这些错误：

I run it on Microsoft Visual Studio 2013, on Windows 7. How to fix it?

我在 Windows 7 上的 Microsoft Visual Studio 2013 上运行它。如何修复它？

回答by ceztko

You have to properly understand what is a "stdafx.h", aka precompiled header. Other questions or Wikipedia will answer that. In many cases a precompiled header can be avoided, especially if your project is small and with few dependencies. In your case, as you probably started from a template project, it was used to include Windows.honly for the _TCHARmacro.

您必须正确理解什么是“stdafx.h”，也就是预编译头文件。其他问题或维基百科会回答这个问题。在许多情况下，可以避免使用预编译头文件，尤其是当您的项目很小且依赖项很少时。在您的情况下，因为您可能从模板项目开始，它Windows.h仅用于包含_TCHAR宏。

Then, precompiled header is usually a per-project file in Visual Studio world, so:

然后，预编译头通常是 Visual Studio 世界中的每个项目文件，因此：

1. Ensure you have the file "stdafx.h" in your project. If you don't (e.g. you removed it) just create a new temporary project and copy the default one from there;
2. Change the #include <stdafx.h>to #include "stdafx.h". It is supposed to be a project local file, not to be resolved in include directories.

1. 确保您的项目中有文件“stdafx.h”。如果您不这样做（例如您删除了它），只需创建一个新的临时项目并从那里复制默认项目；
2. 将 更改#include <stdafx.h>为#include "stdafx.h"。它应该是一个项目本地文件，而不是在包含目录中解析。

Secondly: it's inadvisable to include the precompiled header in your own headers, to not clutter namespace of other source that can use your code as a library, so completely remove its inclusion in vector.h.

其次：不建议将预编译的头文件包含在您自己的头文件中，以免弄乱可以将您的代码用作库的其他源的命名空间，因此将其包含在vector.h.

回答by user3718058

Just include windows.h instead of stdfax or create a clean project without template.

只需包含 windows.h 而不是 stdfax 或创建一个没有模板的干净项目。

回答by Dila Gurung

There are two solutions for it.

有两种解决方案。

Solution number one: 1.Recreate the project. While creating a project ensure that precompiled header is checked(Application settings... *** Do not check empty project)

解决方案一： 1.重新创建项目。创建项目时确保选中预编译头（应用程序设置... *** 不要检查空项目）

Solution Number two: 1.Create stdafx.h and stdafx.cpp in your project 2 Right click on project -> properties -> C/C++ -> Precompiled Headers 3.select precompiled header to create(/Yc) 4.Rebuild the solution

解决方案二：1.在你的项目中创建 stdafx.h 和 stdafx.cpp 2 右键单击​​项目 -> 属性 -> C/C++ -> Precompiled Headers 3.select precompiled header to create(/Yc) 4.Rebuild the solution

Drop me a message if you encounter any issue.

如果您遇到任何问题，请给我留言。

回答by Sar Jag

You can fix this problem by adding "$(ProjectDir)" (or wherever the stdafx.h is) to list of directories under Project->Properties->Configuration Properties->C/C++->General->Additional Include Directories.

您可以通过将“$(ProjectDir)”（或 stdafx.h 所在的任何位置）添加到 Project->Properties->Configuration Properties->C/C++->General->Additional Include Directories 下的目录列表来解决此问题。

回答by Dila Gurung

Add #include "afxwin.h"in your source file. It will solve your issue.

添加#include "afxwin.h"到您的源文件中。它将解决您的问题。

回答by Robert Morel

Just running through a Visual Studio Code tutorial and came across a similiar issue.

刚刚通过 Visual Studio Code 教程运行并遇到了类似的问题。

Replace #include "stdafx.h"with #include "pch.h"which is the updated name for the precompiled headers.

替换#include "stdafx.h"为#include "pch.h"which 是预编译头的更新名称。