时区偏移的 java.time DateTimeFormatter 模式
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java.time DateTimeFormatter pattern for timezone offset
提问by Cheetah
I am trying to parse: 2014-05-02-10.45.05.993280-5:00where the -5:00is the offset from UTC. Using a java.time DateTimeFormatterin Java 8.
我正在尝试解析：2014-05-02-10.45.05.993280-5:00哪里-5:00是 UTC 的偏移量。DateTimeFormatter在 Java 8 中使用 java.time 。
For the first bit I have the following: yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm.ss.SSSSSShowever, I can't figure out what the pattern should be to parse the offset also.
对于第一位，我有以下内容：yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm.ss.SSSSSS但是，我无法弄清楚解析偏移量的模式应该是什么。
If I had the offset with 4 digits (-05:00) I could use: yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm.ss.SSSSSSxxx, but this doesn't work for 3 digits.
如果我有 4 位数字 (-05:00) 的偏移量，我可以使用: yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm.ss.SSSSSSxxx，但这不适用于 3 位数字。
Any ideas?
有任何想法吗？
采纳答案by Meno Hochschild
Use capital letter X instead of x, hence XXX. The difference is that big X can recognize the input letter "Z" as UTC-Offset +00:00 while small pattern letter X cannot.
使用大写字母 X 而不是 x，因此是 XXX。区别在于大X可以将输入字母“Z”识别为UTC-Offset +00:00，而小模式字母X则不能。
Suggested pattern:
建议模式：
yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm.ss.SSSSSSXXX
Please be also aware of following JDK-bug:
还请注意以下JDK 错误：
java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter cannot parse an offset with single digit hour
java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter 无法解析具有单位数小时的偏移量
UPDATE:
更新：
I have now tested the described workaround in the bug-log.
我现在已经测试了错误日志中描述的解决方法。
String input = "2014-05-02-10.45.05.993280-5:00";
DateTimeFormatter f = new DateTimeFormatterBuilder().appendPattern("yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm.ss.SSSSSS").parseLenient().appendOffset("+HH:MM", "Z").toFormatter();
System.out.println(f.parse(input, ZonedDateTime::from));
But it throws an exception:
但它抛出一个异常：
Exception in thread "main" java.time.format.DateTimeParseException: Text '2014-05-02-10.45.05.993280-5:00' could not be parsed at index 26 at java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.parseResolved0(DateTimeFormatter.java:1947) at java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.parse(DateTimeFormatter.java:1849) at HelloWorld.main(HelloWorld.java:16)
线程“main”中的异常 java.time.format.DateTimeParseException: 文本 '2014-05-02-10.45.05.993280-5:00' 无法在 java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.parseResolved0(DateTimeFormatter. java:1947) 在 java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.parse(DateTimeFormatter.java:1849) 在 HelloWorld.main(HelloWorld.java:16)
So lenient parsing does not help either. So there are now only three options left for you:
所以宽松的解析也无济于事。所以现在你只剩下三个选择：
Use workaround suggested by bug reporter: [...] workaround is to parse the date/time separately, use a hand coded parser for the offset and combine the LocalDateTime with the hand parsed offset. Not an easy work around.
Try your own specialized string preprocessing. If you have a fixed format then you can try to insert the zero-digit at position 26 (if the total input length is one digit too small).
Or you use an external library which can do this. My library Time4J (v4.0) can do that if you are willing to add an extra dependency. See this code:
使用错误报告者建议的解决方法：[...] 解决方法是单独解析日期/时间，使用手动编码解析器作为偏移量，并将 LocalDateTime 与手动解析的偏移量相结合。不是一个容易的工作。
尝试您自己的专用字符串预处理。如果您有固定格式，那么您可以尝试在位置 26 处插入零位（如果总输入长度太小一位）。
或者您使用可以执行此操作的外部库。如果您愿意添加额外的依赖项，我的库 Time4J (v4.0) 可以做到这一点。看到这个代码：
String input = "2014-05-02-10.45.05.993280-5:00";
ZonalDateTime zdt =
ZonalDateTime.parse(
input,
Moment.localFormatter("yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm.ss.SSSSSSXXX", PatternType.CLDR));
System.out.println(zdt); // 2014-05-02T10:45:05,993280UTC-05:00
ZonedDateTime result = zdt.toTemporalAccessor();
String input = "2014-05-02-10.45.05.993280-5:00";
ZonalDateTime zdt =
ZonalDateTime.parse(
input,
Moment.localFormatter("yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm.ss.SSSSSSXXX", PatternType.CLDR));
System.out.println(zdt); // 2014-05-02T10:45:05,993280UTC-05:00
ZonedDateTime result = zdt.toTemporalAccessor();
Update:According to JDK-bug-status, the bug has been fixed for Java-9, but a backport for Java-8 does not seem to be available though.
更新：根据 JDK-bug-status，该错误已针对 Java-9 修复，但 Java-8 的反向移植似乎不可用。
回答by Jordi Castilla
Offset for SimpleDateFormatsign is Zcheck Java7or Java8SimpleDateFormat API.
SimpleDateFormat符号的偏移量是ZcheckJava7或。Java8SimpleDateFormat API
Then, your parser format for String
然后，您的解析器格式为 String
2014-05-02-10.45.05.993280-5:00
must be:
必须是：
yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm.ss.SSSSSSZ
UPDATE: for DateTimeFormatterthe offset Patterns for Formatting and Parsingare:
更新：用于格式化和解析DateTimeFormatter的偏移模式是：
O localized zone-offset offset-O GMT+8; GMT+08:00; UTC-08:00;
X zone-offset 'Z' for zero offset-X Z; -08; -0830; -08:30; -083015; -08:30:15;
x zone-offset offset-x +0000; -08; -0830; -08:30; -083015; -08:30:15;
Z zone-offset offset-Z +0000; -0800; -08:00;
Your desired pattern in DateTimeFormatteris X.
您想要的模式DateTimeFormatter是X。
