MySQL El Capitan 升级：库未加载：/usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib
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El Capitan upgrade: Library not loaded: /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib
提问by Askar
Error:
错误：
/Users/askar/.rbenv/versions/2.2.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/mysql2-0.3.20/lib/mysql2.rb:31:in `require': dlopen(/Users/askar/.rbenv/versions/2.2.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-14/2.2.0-static/mysql2-0.3.20/mysql2/mysql2.bundle, 9): Library not loaded: /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib (LoadError)
Referenced from: /Users/askar/.rbenv/versions/2.2.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-14/2.2.0-static/mysql2-0.3.20/mysql2/mysql2.bundle
Reason: image not found - /Users/askar/.rbenv/versions/2.2.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-14/2.2.0-static/mysql2-0.3.20/mysql2/mysql2.bundle
In Gemfile: gem 'mysql2'
在 Gemfile 中： gem 'mysql2'
$ ls -al /usr/local/lib/libmysql*
$ ls -al /usr/local/lib/libmysql*
lrwxr-xr-x 1 askar admin 49 Nov 13 10:48 /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.20.dylib -> ../Cellar/mysql/5.7.9/lib/libmysqlclient.20.dylib
lrwxr-xr-x 1 askar admin 42 Nov 13 10:48 /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.a -> ../Cellar/mysql/5.7.9/lib/libmysqlclient.a
lrwxr-xr-x 1 askar admin 46 Nov 13 10:48 /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.dylib -> ../Cellar/mysql/5.7.9/lib/libmysqlclient.dylib
lrwxr-xr-x 1 askar admin 37 Nov 13 10:48 /usr/local/lib/libmysqld.a -> ../Cellar/mysql/5.7.9/lib/libmysqld.a
lrwxr-xr-x 1 askar admin 44 Nov 13 10:48 /usr/local/lib/libmysqlservices.a -> ../Cellar/mysql/5.7.9/lib/libmysqlservices.a
$ ls -al /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.9/lib/
$ ls -al /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.9/lib/
total 84392
drwxr-xr-x 9 askar admin 306 Nov 12 22:16 .
drwxr-xr-x 14 askar admin 476 Nov 13 10:48 ..
-r--r--r-- 1 askar admin 3780168 Nov 13 10:48 libmysqlclient.20.dylib
-r--r--r-- 1 askar admin 4280752 Nov 12 22:16 libmysqlclient.a
lrwxr-xr-x 1 askar admin 23 Nov 12 22:16 libmysqlclient.dylib -> libmysqlclient.20.dylib
-r--r--r-- 1 askar admin 35126528 Nov 12 22:16 libmysqld.a
-r--r--r-- 1 askar admin 9048 Nov 12 22:16 libmysqlservices.a
drwxr-xr-x 3 askar admin 102 Nov 13 10:48 pkgconfig
drwxr-xr-x 43 askar admin 1462 Nov 12 22:17 plugin
drwxr-xr-x 43 askar admin 1462 Nov 12 22:17 plugin
As you see I'm having libmysqlclient.20.dylib, it's 20not 18, otherwise I'd follow the solution here.
正如你看到的我有libmysqlclient.20.dylib，它20不是18，否则我会遵循解决方案在这里。
I've recently upgraded to El Capitan but not sure it that's the cause.
我最近升级到 El Capitan，但不确定是不是这个原因。
UPDATE:
更新：
Thanks to @Rashmirathi for the hint to re-install the gem.
感谢@Rashmirathi 提示重新安装 gem。
Just wanted to note, I needed also to specify in Gemfile as:
只是想说明一下，我还需要在 Gemfile 中指定为：
gem 'mysql2', '~> 0.3.18'
Otherwise I had error:
否则我有错误：
Specified 'mysql2' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded. Add
gem 'mysql2'to your Gemfile (and ensure its version is at the minimum required by ActiveRecord).
为数据库适配器指定了“mysql2”，但未加载 gem。添加
gem 'mysql2'到您的 Gemfile（并确保其版本为 ActiveRecord 要求的最低版本）。
But finally I got error:
但最后我得到了错误：
Mysql2::Error
Your password has expired. To log in you must change it using a client that supports expired passwords.
Mysql2::Error
您的密码已过期。要登录，您必须使用支持过期密码的客户端进行更改。
Which is solved by setting up a password again:
通过再次设置密码来解决：
SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD('your_password');
回答by Rashmirathi
I was getting the same issue earlier on, I fixed it by reinstalling the gem mysql2.
我早些时候遇到了同样的问题，我通过重新安装 gem 来修复它mysql2。
回答by Jorge I. Casta?eda M.
this will solve your problem:
这将解决您的问题：
gem pristine mysql2
solution by Cesar Sulbarán
Cesar Sulbarán 的解决方案
回答by Fabien Sa
For those on OS X El Capitain or more, this fix my problem:
对于 OS X El Capitain 或更高版本的用户，这解决了我的问题：
sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib
For more info https://stackoverflow.com/a/32875545/1066915
回答by ben.dichter
I had an analogous problem in python: libmysqlclient.20.dylibinstead of 18on El Capitan. pip install --upgrade mysqlfixed it, but only works in python2.
我在 python 中有一个类似的问题：libmysqlclient.20.dylib而不是18在 El Capitan 上。pip install --upgrade mysql修复了它，但仅适用于 python2。
回答by allesklar
I'm using Homebrew so I've fixed this problem by clearing up everything step by step:
我正在使用 Homebrew，所以我通过逐步清理所有内容解决了这个问题：
Comment out the mysql2 gem in in the Rails app Gemfile
"# gem 'mysql2'"
Remove mysql2 gem from bundle
bundle install
Uninstall the mysql2 gem (all versions)
gem uninstall mysql2
Update Homebrew
brew update
Uninstall all versions of mysql
brew uninstall --force mysql
Reinstall mysql
brew install mysql
Uncomment mysql2 gem in Gemfile
gem mysql2
Add mysql2 to bundle
bundle install
在 Rails 应用 Gemfile 中注释掉 mysql2 gem
“# gem 'mysql2'”
从捆绑中删除 mysql2 gem
捆绑安装
卸载 mysql2 gem（所有版本）
gem卸载mysql2
更新自制软件
酿造更新
卸载所有版本的mysql
酿造卸载 --force mysql
重新安装mysql
酿造安装mysql
在 Gemfile 中取消注释 mysql2 gem
宝石 mysql2
将 mysql2 添加到包中
捆绑安装
This approach might be a bit overkill but feels clean to me.
这种方法可能有点矫枉过正，但对我来说感觉很干净。
回答by erikdstock
Just want to chime in here- I just had the same problem with the libmysqlclient.18.dylib 18-20 difference. reinstalling the mysqlgem (a dependency of the activerecord-mysql-adapter) made the difference. reinstalling mysql2did nothing.
只是想在这里插一句 - 我只是在 libmysqlclient.18.dylib 18-20 差异上遇到了同样的问题。重新安装mysqlgem（ 的依赖项activerecord-mysql-adapter）有所不同。重新安装mysql2什么也没做。
editing to clarify: my error message traced back to my mysql gem, but i found this thread via searching so i'm including it here:
编辑以澄清：我的错误消息可以追溯到我的 mysql gem，但我通过搜索找到了这个线程，所以我将它包含在这里：
Please install the mysql adapter: `gem install activerecord-mysql-adapter` (dlopen(/Users/eriks/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.4/gems/mysql-2.9.1/lib/mysql/mysql_api.bundle, 9):
Library not loaded: /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/eriks/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.4/gems/mysql-2.9.1/lib/mysql/mysql_api.bundle
Reason: image not found - /Users/eriks/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.4/gems/mysql-2.9.1/lib/mysql/mysql_api.bundle) (LoadError)
