Java 如何在 spring/hibernate/jpa 中自动创建表？

How to get automatic table creation working in spring / hibernate / jpa?

提问by Ben

I can't get automatic table creation working in spring when using hibernate / jpa.

使用 hibernate/jpa 时，我无法在 spring 中自动创建表。

Here are my config files:

这是我的配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence 
   xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence 
   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"
   version="1.0">

    <persistence-unit name="naveroTest">
     <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
     <class>xxx</class>
        ...


        <properties>
            <property name="hibernate.archive.autodetection" value="class, hbm"/>
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
   <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:file:/tmp/naveroTestDB"/>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/> 
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create"/>
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

context.xml

上下文.xml

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-2.0.4.xsd">

     <!-- For auto creation of tables -->
     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
      <property name="driverClassName" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver" />
      <property name="url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:file:/tmp/naveroTestDB" />
      <property name="username" value="sa" />
      <property name="password" value="" />
     </bean>

     <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
      <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
      <property name="loadTimeWeaver">
       <bean class="org.springframework.instrument.classloading.InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver" />
      </property>
      <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
       <bean id="jpaAdapter" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
        <property name="generateDdl" value="true" />
        <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect" />
        <property name="showSql" value="true" />
       </bean>
      </property>
     </bean>

     <bean id="PictureBean" class="de.navero.server.bl.PictureBean">
      <property name="entityManagerFactory"><ref local="entityManagerFactory" /></property>
     </bean>

    </beans>

Any ideas what may be wrong? Thanks for any help :).

任何想法可能有什么问题？谢谢你的帮助 ：）。

回答by ddewaele

Can you try changing the generateDdl property to false on HibernateJpaVendorAdapter in your spring config file.

您可以尝试将 spring 配置文件中 HibernateJpaVendorAdapter 上的 generateDdl 属性更改为 false 吗？

Seems to conflict with the hibernate hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto property

似乎与 hibernate hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto 属性冲突

See https://jira.springframework.org/browse/SPR-6836for more info.

有关更多信息，请参阅https://jira.springframework.org/browse/SPR-6836。

回答by ytoh

try the following:

尝试以下操作：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="1.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
  http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="naveroTest" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL" />
</persistence>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
    <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
        <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/>
    </property>
    <property name="jpaProperties">
        <props>
...
            <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create-drop</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>

This works for me.

这对我有用。

回答by Ben

sadly both solutions didn't work for me :(. "hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update" would be also ok, as it should create the tables if they're not present.

遗憾的是，这两种解决方案都不适合我:(。“hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update”也可以，因为如果表不存在，它应该创建表。

It seems that all property settings from the persistence.xml are recognized as username and database provider are set correctly. Sadly the tables aren't created at startup which causes my testcase to fail as the SELECT statement throws an error ...

似乎persistence.xml 中的所有属性设置都被识别为用户名，并且数据库提供程序设置正确。遗憾的是，表不是在启动时创建的，这导致我的测试用例失败，因为 SELECT 语句引发错误......

As you can see, I've set the connection url to use a local file database, which allows me to review the database log after the test run. But the log file is still empty after the test run, even no error is written to it :(.

如您所见，我已将连接 url 设置为使用本地文件数据库，这允许我在测试运行后查看数据库日志。但是测试运行后日志文件仍然是空的，甚至没有写入错误:(。

回答by Theresa Forster

In My hibernate-default.cfg.xml i used

在我使用的 hibernate-default.cfg.xml 中

   <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

and it worked perfectly, so the config file was as follows

它完美地工作，所以配置文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
  <session-factory>
    <property name="dialect">
      org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
    </property>
    <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
    <!-- When an HQL statement declares a true/false, replace with the standard Y/N -->
    <property name="hibernate.query.substitutions">true 'Y', false 'N'</property>
    <!-- A useful property do debugging queries.  Besure sure it is false or commented out when going PROD -->
    <!--        <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>   -->
    <!-- Format the printed out SQL generated by Hibernate -->
    <property name="hibernate.format_sql">false</property>
    <!-- If enabled, Hibernate will collect statistics useful for performance tuning - JMX -->
    <property name="hibernate.generate_statistics">false</property>

    <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

    <mapping class=....

回答by Shahed

I had exactly the same issue...

我有完全相同的问题...

Commenting out property

注释掉属性

    <!--property name="generateDdl" value="true"--> in the JpaAdapter, 

but setting

但设置

<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create"/> in persistence.xml 

worked for me. I am using hsqldb.

为我工作。我正在使用 hsqldb。

I noticed in the logs that the mode was beign set to update no matter what I set in persistence.xml.

我在日志中注意到，无论我在 persistence.xml 中设置什么，模式都设置为更新。

The value in persistence.xml was actually picked up but never applied. I am using Spring 3.0.6 and Hibernate 4

persistence.xml 中的值实际上已被提取但从未应用。我正在使用 Spring 3.0.6 和 Hibernate 4

回答by manasouza

In my case, the tables were not been created because the objects annotated with @Table where not annotated as @Entity

在我的例子中，表没有被创建，因为用 @Table 注释的对象没有被注释为 @Entity

回答by Nel Gonzalez

Maybe to late, but today I had the same problem when I was writing some tests for a legacy app.

也许为时已晚，但今天我在为遗留应用程序编写一些测试时遇到了同样的问题。

I was using spring 2.5, hibernate3, and HSQLdatabase.

我用spring 2.5，hibernate3和HSQL数据库。

To solve it I changed the database from HSQLto H2and the datasource from org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSourceto org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.

为了解决它，我将数据库从 更改HSQL为H2，将数据源从 org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource更改为org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource。

The spring-context.xml looks like:

spring-context.xml 看起来像：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="org.h2.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:h2:mem:test"/>
        <property name="username" value="sa"/>
        <property name="password" value=""/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/>
        </property>
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven/>
...
</beans>

The persistence.xml looks like:

persistence.xml 看起来像：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"
             version="1.0">

    <persistence-unit name="TestPU" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <properties>
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/>
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create-drop"/>
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>

</persistence>

I hope it helps.

我希望它有帮助。

回答by rajeev pani..

This worked for me

这对我有用

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver" />
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:mem://productDb" />
        <property name="username" value="sa" />
        <property name="password" value="" />
    </bean>
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <property name="generateDdl" value="true" />
                <property name="showSql" value="true" />
            </bean>
        </property>

If I change value to false like this<property name="generateDdl" value="false" />then I get SqlExceptionHelper:144 - Table not found in statement

如果我像这样将值更改为 false<property name="generateDdl" value="false" />那么我得到SqlExceptionHelper:144 - Table not found in statement